Carbon Tetrachloride

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Carbon Tetrachloride
• CAS No.: 56-23-5
• Molecular Formula: CCl4
• Molecular Weight: 153.823
• Hs Code.: 2903.14
• European Community (EC) Number: 200-262-8
• ICSC Number: 0024
• NSC Number: 97063
• UN Number: 1846
• UNII: CL2T97X0V0
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID8020250
• Nikkaji Number: J2.317E
• Wikipedia: Carbon tetrachloride
• Wikidata: Q225045
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C44350
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 44826
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL44814
• Mol file: 56-23-5.mol

Synonyms:Carbon Tetrachloride;Tetrachloride, Carbon;Tetrachloromethane

Chemical Property of Carbon Tetrachloride

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: clear colorless liquid
• Vapor Pressure: 4.05 psi ( 20 °C)
• Melting Point: -23 °C
• Refractive Index: 1.4601
• Boiling Point: 76 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: −2 °F
• PSA: 0.00000
• Density: 1.697 g/cm³
• LogP: 2.55290
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility.: Miscible with ethanol, benzene, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide (U.S. EPA, 1985), petroleum ether, solvent naphtha, and volatile oils (Yoshida et al., 1983a).
• Water Solubility.: 0.8 g/L (20 ºC)
• XLogP3: 2.8
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 153.872461
• Heavy Atom Count: 5
• Complexity: 19.1
• Transport DOT Label: Poison

Purity/Quality:

99.9% ^*data from raw suppliers

Tetrachloromethane 99% ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): T,N,F
• Hazard Codes: T,N,F
• Statements: 23/24/25-40-48/23-52/53-59-39/23/24/25-11-43
• Safety Statements: 23-36/37-45-59-61-16-7

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Solvents -> Chlorinated Aliphatics
• Canonical SMILES: C(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
• Recent ClinicalTrials: Comparing the Efficacy of Reverse Hybrid Therapy and Bismuth Quadruple Therapy
• Inhalation Risk: A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance is irritating to the eyes. The substance may cause effects on the liver, kidneys and central nervous system. This may result in unconsciousness. Medical observation is indicated.
• Effects of Long Term Exposure: Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
• Uses: Most of the carbon tetrachloride produced is used in the production of CFCs, which were primarily used as refrigerants, propellants, foam-blowing agents and solvents and in the production of other chlorinated hydrocarbons. Carbon tetrachloride has been used as a grain fumigant, pesticide, solvent for oils and fats, metal degreaser, fire extinguisher and flame retardant, and in the production of paint, ink, plastics, semi-conductors and petrol additives. It was previously also widely used as a cleaning agent. All these uses have tended to be phased-out as production has dropped (ECDIN, 1992; ATSDR, 1994). Decades ago, this compound was mixed with ether and sold as Carbona, a dry-cleaning fluid for clothes. It is no longer permissible to sell or buy CCL4 for household use. It is classed as a carcinogen by the U.S. government and is toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed by the skin. Carbon tetrachloride is used to manufacture CFHCs, to fumigate grains to kill insects, and in the production of semiconductors. In the manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons, which in turn are primarily used as refrigerants; formerly used widely as a solvent, also as a grain fumigant and in fire extinguishers. Because of toxicity consumer uses have been discontinued and only industrial use remains. Carbon tetrachloride is used as a solvent, infire extinguishers, in dry cleaning, and in themanufacture of fluorocarbon propellents.As solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, resins; starting material in manufacture of organic Compounds. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
• Description: Carbon tetrachloride is a manufactured chemical and does not occur naturally in the environment. It is produced by chlorination of a variety of low molecular weight hydrocarbons such as carbon disulfide, methane, ethane, propane, or ethylene dichloride and also by thermal chlorination of methyl chloride. Carbon tetrachloride is a precursor for chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases that have been used as aerosol propellant. A decrease in this use is occurring due to the agreement reached in the Montreal Protocol for the reduction of environmental concentrations of ozone-depleting chemicals, including carbon tetrachloride.
• Physical properties: Carbon tetrachloride is a volatile colourless clear heavy liquid with a characteristic sweet non-irritant odour. The odour threshold in water is 0.52 mg/litre and in air is > 10 ppm. Carbon tetrachloride is miscible with most aliphatic solvents and it is a solvent for benzyl resins, bitumen, chlorinated rubber, rubber-based gums, oils and fats.The solubility in water is low. Carbon tetrachloride is non-flammable and is stable in the presence of air and light. Decomposition may produce phosgene, carbon dioxide and hydrochloric acid.

Technology Process of Carbon Tetrachloride

There total 370 articles about Carbon Tetrachloride which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 55.0%

methane (34557-54-5,27936-85-2) → tetrachloromethane (56-23-5) + methylene chloride (74-87-3) + dichloromethane (75-09-2) + chloroform (67-66-3,8013-54-5) + methanesulfonyl chloride (124-63-0)

Guidance literature:

With hydrogenchloride; sulfur dioxide; chlorine; at 63 - 67 ℃; under 6750.68 Torr; Photolysis;

Reference yield: 6.5%

methane (34557-54-5,27936-85-2) → tetrachloromethane (56-23-5) + methylene chloride (74-87-3) + dichloromethane (75-09-2) + chloroform (67-66-3,8013-54-5)

Guidance literature:

With chlorine; for 4h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; var. catalysts and times;

DOI:10.1021/ja990084f

Reference yield:

carbon disulfide (75-15-0,12122-00-8) + antimonypentachloride (7647-18-9) → tetrachloromethane (56-23-5) + antimony(III) chloride (10025-91-9)

Guidance literature:

upstream raw materials:

maleic anhydride

1-(1-cyclopenten-1-yl)-naphthalene

carbon disulfide

phosgene

Downstream raw materials:

cyanidin chloride

(-)-trans-2-bromo-cyclohexanol-⁽¹⁾

(-)-trans-2-bromo-1-acetoxy-cyclohexane

pentaerythrityl tetrachloride

Refernces

• 1、 Venugopal, A.,Rao, K. S. Rama,Prased, P. S. Sai,Rao, P. Kanta. "Dismutation of CFC-12 to CFC-13 over Chromia-Alumina Catalyst". . p. 2377 - 2378. Retrieved 1995.
• 2、 Whiston. "-". . p. 183 - 183. Retrieved 1920.
• 3、 Harvey, Brent M.,Hoggard, Patrick E.. "Photocatalysis of Chloroform Decomposition by Tetrachlorocuprate (II) on Dowex 2-X8". . p. 1234 - 1242. Retrieved 2014.
• 4、 Huybrechts,Hubin,Van Mele. "Kinetics and mechanism of the thermal chlorination of chloroform in the gas phase". . p. 466 - 472. Retrieved 2000.
• 5、 Hopkins et al.. "". . p. 574. Retrieved 1971.
• 6、 Meissner,Thode. "". . p. 129. Retrieved 1951.
• 7、 Kitajima, Nobumasa,Schwartz, Jeffrey. "Activation of Methane by Supported Rhodium Complexes". . p. 2220 - 2222. Retrieved 1984.
• 8、 Green, Malcolm L. H.,Lago, Rochel M.,Tsang, Shik Chi. "Total Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons by Copper and Chlorine based Catalysts". . p. 365 - 366. Retrieved 1995.
• 9、 Zhang,Thomas. "The laser two-photon photolysis of liquid carbon tetrachloride". . p. 158 - 162. Retrieved 2006.
• 10、 Seetula, Jorma A.. "Kinetics of the R + Cl2 (R = CH2Cl, CHBrCl, CCl3 and CH3CCl2) reactions. An ab initio study of the transition states". . p. 3561 - 3567. Retrieved 1998.