Ammonium formate

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Ammonium formate
• CAS No.: 540-69-2
• Deprecated CAS: 2787-68-0,1807456-01-4,2579173-81-0
• Molecular Formula: NH4HCO2
• Molecular Weight: 63.0562
• Hs Code.: 29151200
• European Community (EC) Number: 208-753-9
• UNII: 3801F9644E
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID6029624
• Wikipedia: Ammonium formate
• Wikidata: Q420466
• Mol file: 540-69-2.mol

Synonyms:aluminum formate;ammonium formate;ammonium tetraformate;calcium formate;chromic formate;cobalt(II) formate dihydrate;cobaltous formate;cupric formate;formate;formic acid;formic acid, 14C-labeled;formic acid, aluminum salt;formic acid, ammonium (2:1) salt;formic acid, ammonium (4:1) salt;formic acid, ammonium salt;formic acid, cadmium salt;formic acid, calcium salt;formic acid, cesium salt;formic acid, cobalt (+2) salt;formic acid, copper (+2) salt;formic acid, copper salt;formic acid, copper, ammonium salt;formic acid, copper, nickel salt;formic acid, cromium (+3) salt;formic acid, cromium (+3), sodium (4:1:1) salt;formic acid, lead (+2) salt;formic acid, lead salt;formic acid, lithium salt;formic acid, magnesium salt;formic acid, nickel (+2) salt;formic acid, nickel salt;formic acid, potassium salt;formic acid, rubidium salt;formic acid, sodium salt;formic acid, sodium salt, 13C-labeled;formic acid, sodium salt, 14C-labeled;formic acid, strontium salt;formic acid, thallium (+1) salt;formic acid, zinc salt;lead formate;lithium formate;magnesium formate;methanoic acid;nickel formate;nickel formate dihydrate;potassium formate;sodium formate;strontium formate;zinc formate

Chemical Property of Ammonium formate

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: colorless, hygroscopic, crystalline solid
• Vapor Pressure: 36.5mmHg at 25°C
• Melting Point: 119-121 °C(lit.)
• Refractive Index: 1.4164 (estimate)
• Boiling Point: 100.6oC at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 29.9oC
• PSA: 40.54000
• Density: 1.26 g/cm³
• LogP: 0.66060
• Storage Temp.: Store at RT.
• Sensitive.: Hygroscopic
• Solubility.: H2O: 10 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
• Water Solubility.: soluble
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 63.032028402
• Heavy Atom Count: 4
• Complexity: 7.5

Purity/Quality:

98.5% ^*data from raw suppliers

Ammonium formate ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): Xi
• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 26-36-37/39

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Ammonium Compounds
• Canonical SMILES: C(=O)[O-].[NH4+]
• Description: Ammonium formate is the ammonium salt of formic acid, and is a colorless, hydroscopic, crystalline solid. It can be synthesized through treating ammonium carbonate with 85% formic acid. It is widely used in many organic reactions such as Leuckart reaction which is the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. It can also be used as a buffer in HPLC and LC/MS test. Moreover, it is also used in palladium on carbon (Pd/C) reduction of functional group. It can also be used for the preparation of formic acid in situ as well as being used to store formic acid. Ammonium formate, NH4HCO2, is the ammonium salt of formic acid. It is a colorless, hygroscopic, crystalline solid.
• Physical properties: White monoclinic deliquescent crystals or granules; density 1.280 g/cm3; melts at 116°C; highly soluble in water (102 g/100 g at 0°C), solubility rapidly increasing with temperature (i.e., 531 g/100 g at 80°C); soluble in liquid ammonia, alcohol and ether.
• Uses: Ammonium formate is widely used in various organic reactions like Leuckart reaction which involves the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. It serves as a buffer in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). It finds application in palladium on carbon (Pd/C) reduction of functional groups. For example, reduction of alkenes to alkanes and formaldehyde to methanol. It is also used to prepare formic acid insitu as well as used to store formic acid by making it as an ammonium salt. In chemical analysis, especially to ppt base metals from salts of the "noble" metals. Pure ammonium formate decomposes into formamide and water when heated, and this is its primary use in industry. Formic acid can also be obtained by reacting ammonium formate with a dilute acid, and since ammonium formate is also produced from formic acid, it can serve as a way of storing formic acid. Ammonium formate can also be used in palladium on carbon (Pd / C) reduction of functional groups. In the presence of Pd / C, ammonium formate decomposes to hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and ammonia. Ammonium formate can be used for reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones (Leuckart reaction) Ammonium formate can be used as a buffer in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and is suitable for use with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). .

Technology Process of Ammonium formate

There total 61 articles about Ammonium formate which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 79.0%

acetylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal (5436-21-5) + formamide (77287-34-4,77287-35-5,60100-09-6) → 4-Methylpyrimidine (3438-46-8) + methanol (67-56-1) + ammonium formate (540-69-2)

Guidance literature:

at 190 ℃; for 3.5h;

Reference yield:

methyl thiocyanate (556-64-9) + ammonium hydroxide → Dimethyldisulphide (624-92-0) + ammonium formate (540-69-2) + urea (57-13-6)

Guidance literature:

Reference yield:

ethyl isothiocyanate (542-90-5) + ammonium hydroxide → Diethyl disulfide (110-81-6) + ammonium formate (540-69-2) + urea (57-13-6)

Guidance literature:

upstream raw materials:

formic acid

1,3-dihydroxyacetone dimer

D-Fructose

D-xylose

Downstream raw materials:

1-(biphenyl-4-yl)ethanamine

4-methoxybenzhydrylamine

(+/-)-1-(3-pyridyl)propan-2-amine

1-phenylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine

Refernces

• 1、 Piermarini, G. J.,Block, S.,Miller, P. J.. "Effects of Pressure on the Thermal Decomposition Kinetics and Chemical Reactivity of Nitromethane". . p. 457 - 462. Retrieved 1989.
• 2、 Lennox, R. Bruce,Li, Chao-Jun,Ni, Siting,Roy, Ranjan,Zhu, Jun. "Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2from airviaporous silica-supported Au nanoparticles in aqueous solution". . p. 3740 - 3749. Retrieved 2021/06/06.
• 3、 Zhao, Lulu,Dong, Yanan,Xia, Qiangqiang,Bai, Jianfei,Li, Yuehui. "Zn-catalyzed cyanation of aryl iodides". supporting information. p. 6471 - 6477. Retrieved 2020/06/08.