Ilya, Viscount Prigogine (25 January 1917–28 May 2003) was a Russian-born naturalized Belgian physical chemist. Prigogine is best known for his definition of dissipative structures and their role in thermodynamic systems far from equilibrium, a discovery that won him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1977.
Prigogine studied chemistry at the Free University of Brussels, where in 1950, he became professor.

From 1961 until 1966 he was affiliated with the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago.
In Austin, in 1967, he co-founded what is now called The Center for Complex Quantum Systems.
In 1955, Ilya Prigogine was awarded the Francqui Prize for Exact Sciences. For this study in irreversible thermodynamics, he received the Rumford Medal in 1976, and in 1977, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In 1989, he was awarded the title of Viscount by the King of the Belgians. Until his death, he was president of the International Academy of Science and was in 1997, one of the founders of the International Commission on Distance Education (CODE), a worldwide accreditation agency.