137173-40-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Lewis acid catalyzed asymmetric halohydrin reactions of chiral α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives with N-halosuccinimide (NXS) as the halogen source
Hajra, Saumen,Bhowmick, Manishabrata,Karmakar, Ananta
, p. 3073 - 3077 (2005)
Lewis acid catalyzed asymmetric halohydrin reactions-(halohydroxylation as well as halomethoxylation) of chiral α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives were performed using N-halosuccinimide (NXS; X = Br, I) as the halogen source. Regio- and anti-sele
Bioresolution production of (2R,3S)-Ethyl-3-phenylglycidate for chemoenzymatic synthesis of the taxol C-13 side chain by galactomyces geotrichum ZJUTZQ200, a new epoxide-hydrolase-producing strain
Wei, Chun,Ling, Jinlong,Shen, Honglei,Zhu, Qing
, p. 8067 - 8079 (2014/07/08)
A newly isolated Galactomyces geotrichum ZJUTZQ200 strain containing an epoxide hydrolase was used to resolve racemic ethyl 3-phenylglycidate (rac-EPG) for producing (2R,3S)-ethyl-3-phenylglycidate ((2R,3S)-EPG). G. geotrichum ZJUTZQ200 was verified to be able to afford high enantioselectivity in whole cell catalyzed synthesis of this chiral phenylglycidate synthon. After the optimization of the enzymatic production and bioresolution conditions, (2R,3S)-EPG was afforded with high enantioselectivity (e.e.S > 99%, E > 49) after a 8 h reaction. The co-solvents, pH buffer solutions and substrate/cell ratio were found to have significant influences on the bioresolution properties of G. geotrichum ZJUTZQ200. Based on the bioresolution product (2R,3S)-EPG, taxol's side chain ethyl (2R,3S)-3-benzoylamino-2-hydroxy- 3-phenylpropionate was successfully synthesized by a chemoenzymatic route with high enantioselectivity (e.e.S > 95%).
Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts reactions of arenes and hetarenes with 3-phenylglycidates
Wilcke, David,Bach, Thorsten
supporting information; experimental part, p. 6498 - 6503 (2012/09/08)
Five different para-substituted 3-phenylglycidates (3-phenyloxirane-2- carboxylates) were prepared and subjected to reactions with arenes and hetarenes under Lewis acid catalysis. Sc(OTf)3 was found to effectively (5 mol%) promote a Friedel-Crafts reaction in nitromethane as the solvent. The reaction was shown to proceed stereoconvergently, which makes the intermediacy of a benzylic cation likely. The diastereoselectivities varied depending on the choice of the nucleophile and 3-arylglycidate. Best results were obtained with tert-butyl 3-anisylglycidate, which delivered the respective products with high syn-preference in diastereomeric ratios (d.r.) between 82:18 and >95:5. The observed selectivity can be explained by a model, according to which the intermediate benzylic cations adopt a preferred conformation, which allows for diastereoface-differentiation by the adjacent stereogenic center.
An unusual (R)-selective epoxide hydrolase with high activity for facile preparation of enantiopure glycidyl ethers
Zhao, Jing,Chu, Yan-Yan,Li, Ai-Tao,Ju, Xin,Kong, Xu-Dong,Pan, Jiang,Tang, Yun,Xu, Jian-He
experimental part, p. 1510 - 1518 (2011/08/03)
A novel epoxide hydrolase (BMEH) with unusual (R)-enantioselectivity and very high activity was cloned from Bacillus megaterium ECU1001. Highest enantioselectivities (E>200) were achieved in the bioresolution of ortho-substituted phenyl glycidyl ethers and para-nitrostyrene oxide. Worthy of note is that the substrate structure remarkably affected the enantioselectivities of the enzyme, as a reversed (S)-enantiopreference was unexpectedly observed for the ortho-nitrophenyl glycidyl ether. As a proof-of-concept, five enantiopure epoxides (>99% ee) were obtained in high yields, and a gram-scale preparation of (S)-ortho-methylphenyl glycidyl ether was then successfully performed within a few hours, indicating that BMEH is an attractive biocatalyst for the efficient preparation of optically active epoxides. Copyright
Gelozymes in organic synthesis. Part IV: Resolution of glycidate esters with crude Mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus) epoxide hydrolase immobilized in gelatin matrix
Devi, Avala Vedamayee,Lahari, Challa,Swarnalatha, Lakshmi,Fadnavis
, p. 1139 - 1144 (2008/09/20)
A crude extract of Mung bean meal (Phaseolus radiatus) possessing epoxide hydrolase activity immobilized in gelatin gel (gelozyme) is employed in the stereoselective epoxide ring opening of glycidate esters. Thus, ethyl trans-(±)-3-phenyl glycidate 1a and methyl trans-(±)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) glycidate 1b gave (2S,3R)-glycidate esters (ee >99% and 45% yield) with gelatin immobilized enzyme in diisopropyl ether. The corresponding (2R,3S)-enantiomer of 1a was hydrolyzed by an epoxide hydrolase to predominantly give the anti-product, ethyl (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate, with a diastereomeric excess of 78% and ee 94% (40%). A small amount (5%) of racemic syn-product was also obtained as a result of the spontaneous hydrolysis. In the case of 1b, the hydrolysis product was racemic due to high reactivity of the glycidate toward water.
An asymmetric synthesis of PPAR-γ agonist navaglitazar from (+)-methyl (2S,3R)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate
Rizzo, John R.,Zhang, Tony Y.
, p. 580 - 583 (2007/10/03)
An asymmetric synthesis of navaglitazar, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) γ agonist, from commercially available (+)-methyl (2S,3R)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate, is described. The new synthesis features high overall yield, low solvent usage, crystalline intermediates and operational simplicity. Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft.
Arabinose-derived ketones as catalysts for asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes
Shing, Tony K. M.,Leung, Gulice Y. C.,Luk, To
, p. 7279 - 7289 (2007/10/03)
Readily available arabinose-derived ketones, containing a tunable butane-2,3-diacetal as the steric blocker, displayed increasing enantioselectivity (up to 90% ee) with the size of the acetal alkyl group in catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of trans-disubstituted and trisubstituted alkenes. The stereochemical communication between our ketone catalysts and the alkene substrates is mainly due to steric effect, and electronic effect involving π-π interaction between phenyl groups of substrate and of catalyst did not appear to be operative in our system.
Chemoenzymatic approach to optically active phenylglycidates: Resolution of bromo- and iodohydrins
Anand, Naveen,Kapoor, Munish,Koul, Surrinder,Taneja, Subhash C.,Sharma, Rattan L.,Qazi, Ghulam N.
, p. 3131 - 3138 (2007/10/03)
Enantiomerically enriched phenylglycidates, precursors of the taxol C-13 phenylisoserine side chain and diltiazem, were prepared by kinetic resolution of anti-2-bromo-3-hydroxy- and anti-3-hydroxy-2-iodophenylpropanoates to provide enantioriched (2R,3R)- and (2S,3S)-halohydrins. The bulkiness and inflexibility of bromo and iodo groups in halohydrins have made them inaccessible to the active site of most of the lipases utilized for the hydrolysis of their acyloxy derivatives. In a set of 22 hydrolases screened herein, including native as well as commercial enzymes, only Aspergillus niger (Lipase AS, AMANO) could catalyze the hydrolysis with high enantioselectivity (E = 176). The resolved halohydrins easily underwent transformation to the corresponding (2S,3R)- and (2R,3S)-phenylglycidates.
A catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral glycidic acid derivatives through chiral dioxirane-mediated catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of cinnamic acid derivatives
Imashiro, Ritsuo,Seki, Masahiko
, p. 4216 - 4226 (2007/10/03)
A novel and practical asymmetric synthesis of chiral glycidic acid derivatives involving methyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate ((2R,3S)-2a), a key intermediate for diltiazem hydrochloride (1), was developed. Treatment of methyl (E)-4-methoxycinnamate ((E)-3a) with chiral dioxirane, generated in situ from a catalytic amount (5 mol %) of an 11-membered C2-symmetric binaphthyl ketone (R)-7a, provided (2R,3S)-2a in 92% yield and 80% ee. Other cinnamic acid esters and amides were epoxidized by the use of the same procedure to give the corresponding chiral glycidic acid derivatives with up to 95% yield and 92% ee. Higher enantioselectivities in the asymmetric epoxidation of (E)-cinnamates than that of (E)-stilbene derivatives were observed and were proposed to be attributed to a dipole-dipole repulsion between oxygen atoms of an ester group in the cinnamates and those of the lactone moieties in the binaphthyl dioxirane.
Effect of α-fluorination on asymmetric epoxidation of trans-olefins using α-fluorinated cyclohexanone dioxiranes
Solladié-Cavallo, Arlette,Jierry, Lo?c,Norouzi-Arasi, Hassan,Tahmassebi, Daryush
, p. 1371 - 1377 (2007/10/03)
Epoxidations of trans-β-methylstyrene, trans-stilbene and trans-methyl p-methoxycinnamate using chiral dioxiranes derived from both enantiopure diastereomers of α-fluoro cyclohexanones, (2 S, 5 R )-3a-6a and (2 R,5 R)-3e-6e are studied and compared. From ab initio calculations at the HF/6-31G* level of conformational inter-conversion for (2 S,5 R)-D5a and (2 R,5 R)-D5e dioxiranes it was found that, due to the α-fluorine atom, conformer K1 is more stable in the case of (2 S, 5 R)-D5a while conformer K2 is more stable in the case of (2 R, 5 R)-D5e. However, in both cases, the more stable conformers, K1 and K2, undergo rapid inter-conversion. Therefore, based on slow epoxidation reactions and rapid ring inversion of six-membered ring dioxiranes the Curtin-Hammett principle holds. Conformation K2 with axial fluorine having been found to be more reactive, the inversion of configuration observed for the epoxides obtained with ketones 3e-6e (compared with ketones 3a-6a) could be rationalized from competitive reactions of K2 and K1 conformations leading to simultaneous production of both (-) and (+) epoxides in the case of ketones 3e-6e.
