1483-64-3

Usage

Uses

Used in Plastics and Elastomers Industry:
1,1,4,4-Tetraphenylbutane is used as a cross-linking agent for enhancing the structural integrity and performance of polymer materials. Its ability to form covalent bonds between polymer chains contributes to the improved mechanical properties and durability of plastics and elastomers.
Used in Semiconductor Industry:
In the manufacturing of photoresist materials, 1,1,4,4-Tetraphenylbutane plays a crucial role. It is utilized in photolithography processes, which are essential for the production of microelectronic components and devices. 1,1,4,4-Tetraphenylbutane's light-sensitive nature allows for precise patterning of semiconductor wafers, enabling the creation of intricate microelectronic structures.
Used in Material Science Research:
1,1,4,4-Tetraphenylbutane has been studied for its potential use in the development of luminescent and conductive materials. Its unique molecular structure and properties make it a promising candidate for advancing the field of material science, particularly in the creation of novel materials with enhanced optical and electronic properties.
However, it is important to handle 1,1,4,4-Tetraphenylbutane with care due to its potential hazards, including flammability and the risk of causing skin and eye irritation. Proper safety measures should be taken to minimize these risks during its use in various applications.

Upstream product

• 60-29-7 diethyl ether 
• 504-20-1 phorone 
• 3970-44-3 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-butanediyl disodium 
• 64-17-5 ethanol 
• 52681-96-6 1,4-dipotassio-1,1,4,4-tetraphenylbutane 
• 1450-63-1 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene 
• 5152-68-1 benzhydryl sodium 
• 107-06-2 1,2-dichloro-ethane 
• 1483-69-8 1,1,4,4-Tetraphenyl-butadien-(1,2) 
• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 5216-46-6 1,1-diphenyl-2-chloroethane 
• 20017-68-9 1-bromo-3,3-diphenylpropane 
• 109-99-9 tetrahydrofuran 
• 5612-62-4 2-(dimethylamino)-1,1-diphenylethanol 

Downstream Products

• 103279-33-0 1,1,4,4-Tetracyclohexyl-butan 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Electrochemical Reduction of 1,1-Diaryl-substituted Ethenes in Dimethylformamide

The cathodic behaviour of 1,1-diaryl-substituted ethenes (Ar)PhC=CH2 (where Ar=phenyl-, 2-naphthyl-, 2-pyridyl-, 2-thienyl-, 2-furyl-) at a Hg cathode in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 0.1 mol dm-3 tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEAF), was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis experiments.In cyclic voltammetry, at a potential scan rate of 0.2 V s-1, all substrates showed an irreversible reduction peak p,c) between -2.27 and -2.54 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE)>.Controlled potential coulometries indicated that the apparent charge number of the process involved ranges from 1 to 2.The reduction products were characterised as (Ar)PhCH-Me (1-aryl-1-phenylethanes) and (Ar)PhCH-2-CHPh(Ar) (1,4-diaryl-1,4-diphenylbutanes).The charge number of the process and the ratio between the two different reduction products depended strongly on the structure and concentration of the substrate.Exhaustive electrolyses performed in the presence of variable amounts of D2O or in DMF allowed us to suggest that two distinct pathways are involved in the reduction process, leading to the monomeric and dimeric product, respectively.Hypotheses on the nature of the two reduction mechanisms are discussed.

THE INVENTION OF RADICAL REACTIONS. PART XV. SOME MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF THE DECARBOXYLATIVE REARRANGEMENT OF THIOHYDROXAMIC ESTERS

Esters (mixed anhydrides) derived from aliphatic or alicyclic carboxylic acids (RCO2H) and thiohydroxamic acids 2 or 3 undergo a thermally or photochemically induced radical chain reaction to give sulphides 4 with loss of carbon dioxide.On irradiation at low temperature however, the chain reaction is essentially suppressed.Under these conditions moderate to good yields of dimers R-R are obtained from primary acids.The mechanistic and synthetic implications of these observations are discussed.

Carbanion Rearrangements by Intramolecular 1,ω Proton Shifts, IV. The Reaction of ω,ω-Diphenylalkyllithium Compounds: Proof for an Intramolecular Transmetallation Reaction by Crossover Experiments Using Isotopic Labelled Starting Material

3,3-Diphenylpropyllithium (2) and 2-(9-fluorenyl)ethyllithium (43) do not show a 1,3 proton shift but splitt off ethylene.On the other hand 4,4-diphenylbutyllithium (19) in diethyl ether can be forced to rearrange to 1,1-diphenylbutyllithium (18) by the addition of THF.The half reaction time for this 1,4 proton shift was found to be about 4 minutes.Proof for the intramolecular character of this transmetallation reaction was obtained by crossover experiments with specifically deuterated starting material.The 1,5 proton shift with 5,5-diphenylpentyllithium (12) occurs considerably slower than the 1,4 shift with 4,4-diphenylbutyllithium (19).The rearrangement also takes place in pure diethyl ether although with a half reaction time of about 2 days.Only 3-(9-fluorenyl)propyllithium (41) in diethyl ether spontaneously shows rearrangement already at -30 deg C, whereby 9-propyl-9-fluorenyllithium (42) is formed by a 1,4 proton shift.A 1,ω phenyl migration according to Grovenstein-Zimmerman in no case could be observed.

PULSE RADIOLYSIS AND PRODUCT ANALYSIS OF 1,1-DIPHENYLETHYLENE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS IN METHANOL

Pulse radiolysis of 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) in methanol in the presence of oxygen, as well as of 1,1-diphenyl-2-chloroethylene (DPE-2-Cl), 1,1-diphenyl-1-chloroethane (DP-1-Cl-Et) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-chloroethane (DP-2-Cl-Et) in methanol saturated with argon, was performed.The products formed under pulse-radiolysis conditions were also analysed.Spectroscopic and kinetic data of the corresponding transiets are presented.The reaction rate constants determined in methanol are .It has been established that the solutes are primarily attacked by e-s and H, whereas the CH2OH species (or O2) react with the intermediates thus produced.Reaction mechanisms consistent with the spectroscopic and kinetic data are presented.