2304-24-7Relevant articles and documents
Unravelling the mechanism of toxicity of alkyltributylphosphonium chlorides in Aspergillus nidulans conidia
Petkovic, Marija,Hartmann, Diego O.,Adamova, Gabriela,Seddon, Kenneth R.,Rebelo, Luis Paulo N.,Pereira, Cristina Silva
, p. 56 - 63 (2012)
The mechanism of toxicity of alkyltributylphosphonium chlorides [P 4 4 4 n]Cl (n = 1, 3-8, 10, 12 or 14) in conidia of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans is reported. Systematic elongation of one of the alkyl substituents resulted generally in higher toxicity, as defined by their inhibitory and lethal effects. In this study, fluorescence microscopy is proposed as a direct method for assessing the impact of ionic liquids on the plasma membrane integrity. Data were complemented by microscopic evaluation of the conidia cell wall and morphology. The higher toxicity of phosphonium ionic liquids carrying long alkyl substituents is most likely due to their strong interaction with the conidia cellular boundaries. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Long sought synthesis of quaternary phosphonium salts from phosphine oxides: Inverse reactivity approach
Vetter, Anna C.,Nikitin, Kirill,Gilheany, Declan G.
, p. 5843 - 5846 (2018/06/13)
Quaternary phosphonium salts (QPS), a key class of organophosphorus compounds, have previously only been available by routes involving nucleophilic phosphorus. We report the realisation of the opposite approach to QPS utilising phosphine oxides as the electrophilic partner and Grignard reagents as nucleophiles. The process is enabled through the crucial intermediacy of the derived halophosphonium salts. The route does not suffer from the slow kinetics and limited availability of many parent phosphines and a broad range of QPS were prepared in excellent yields.
A direct synthesis of vinylphosphonium salts from α-trimethylsilyl ylides and non-enolizable aldehydes
McNulty, James,Das, Priyabrata
body text, p. 8469 - 8472 (2009/10/23)
A direct synthesis of vinylphosphonium salts from α-trimethylsilyl ylides and non-enolizable aldehydes was reported. The vinylphosphonium salt was isolated in 90% yield and with high stereoselectivity favoring the (E)-olefin. High chemoselectivity observed favoring Peterson elimination over Wittig-type elimination and general stereoselectivity favoring (E)-vinylphosphonium salts require free-rotation about the central C-C bond of a betaine intermediate. The results show that the clean synthesis of the stable silylphosphonium iodide salt, subsequent generation of its yield derivative, and stoichiometric reaction with aldehydes at low temperature allows highly selective vinylphosphonium salt formation. It is also seen that the (E)-vinylphosphonium stereoselectivity is due to kinetic control involving Peterson syn-elimination from the erythro betaine.