28059-24-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Role of solvent, pH, and molecular size in excited-state deactivation of key eumelanin building blocks: Implications for melanin pigment photostability
Gauden,Pezzella,Panzella,Neves-Petersen,Skovsen,Petersen,Mullen,Napolitano,D'Ischia,Sundstr?m
, p. 17038 - 17043 (2008)
Ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to investigate the excited-state dynamics of the basic eumelanin building block 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA), its acetylated, methylated, and carboxylic ester derivatives, and two oligomers, a dimer and a trimer in the O-acetylated forms. The results show that (1) excited-state decays are faster for the trimer relative to the monomer; (2) for parent DHICA, excited-state lifetimes are much shorter in aqueous acidic medium (380 ps) as compared to organic solvent (acetonitrile, 2.6 ns); and (3) variation of fluorescence spectra and excited-state dynamics can be understood as a result of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The dependence on the DHICA oligomer size of the excited-state deactivation and its ESIPT mechanism provides important insight into the photostability and the photoprotective function of eumelanin. Mechanistic analogies with the corresponding processes in DNA and other biomolecules are recognized.
A Bu4N[Fe(CO)3(NO)]-Catalyzed Hemetsberger–Knittel Indole Synthesis
Baykal, Aslihan,Plietker, Bernd
supporting information, (2020/02/20)
The nucleophilic Fe complex Bu4N[Fe(CO)3(NO)] (TBA[Fe]) catalyzes the direct intramolecular amination of aryl vinyl azides to give the corresponding indole derivatives in good to excellent yields.
A Bioinspired Synthesis of Polyfunctional Indoles
Huang, Zheng,Kwon, Ohhyeon,Huang, Haiyan,Fadli, Aziz,Marat, Xavier,Moreau, Magali,Lumb, Jean-Philip
supporting information, p. 11963 - 11967 (2018/09/11)
Polyfunctional indoles bearing substituents at C5 and C6 are prevalent in natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. Owing to the remoteness of the C5 and C6 positions, indoles of this family can be difficult to prepare, and often require multistep syntheses. Herein, we describe a concise process that converts simple derivatives of tyrosine into 5,6-difunctionalized indoles by direct oxidation of C?H, N?H, and O?H bonds. Our work draws inspiration from the biosynthetic polymerization of tyrosine to make melanin pigments, but makes an important departure to provide well-defined indole heterocycles.
Synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical diindolylmethanes via acid-catalysed electrophilic substitution reactions
Bingul, Murat,Cheung, Belamy B.,Kumar, Naresh,Black, David StC.
, p. 7363 - 7369 (2017/09/12)
A range of activated indole-2-carboxylate derivatives was prepared via the Hemetsberger indole synthesis. Vilsmeier formylation was explored to establish regioselectivity and to prepare a range of new indole carbaldehydes. The indole aldehydes were reduce
Ligand-free copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of indole-2-carboxylic esters
Zhu, Zhiqiang,Yuan, Jiangjun,Zhou, Yirong,Qin, Yang,Xu, Jingshi,Peng, Yiyuan
supporting information, p. 511 - 514 (2014/02/14)
A simple, efficient, and facile synthetic route for the preparation of indole-2-carboxylic esters was described. The cascade reactions of 2-bromobenzaldehyde and glycine ester hydrochloride were promoted by Cu 2O and a base to provide the corresponding products in good yields. Commercially available, inexpensive substrates and reagents were employed under mild reaction conditions in this one-pot operation, which is complementary to existing methods for access to 2-substituted indoles. A simple, efficient, and facile synthetic route to indole-2-carboxylic esters through copper-catalyzed one-pot cascade reactions of commercially available, inexpensive 2-bromobenzaldehyde and glycine ester hydrochloride without the use of any external ligand under mild conditions is reported. Copyright
Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Indole-2-carboxylic Esters
Zhu, Zhiqiang,Yuan, Jiangjun,Zhou, Yirong,Qin, Yang,Xu, Jingshi,Peng, Yiyuan
supporting information, p. 511 - 514 (2015/10/05)
A simple, efficient, and facile synthetic route for the preparation of indole-2-carboxylic esters was described. The cascade reactions of 2-bromobenzaldehyde and glycine ester hydrochloride were promoted by Cu2O and a base to provide the corresponding products in good yields. Commercially available, inexpensive substrates and reagents were employed under mild reaction conditions in this one-pot operation, which is complementary to existing methods for access to 2-substituted indoles.
CuI-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 3-(2-aminophenyl)-2- bromoacrylate: Synthesis of 2-carboxyindoles
Xiao, Xiong,Chen, Tian-Qi,Ren, Jiangmeng,Chen, Wei-Dong,Zeng, Bu-Bing
supporting information, p. 2056 - 2060 (2014/04/03)
A new approach was described for the synthesis of substituted 2-carboxyindole using 3-(2-aminophenyl)-2-bromo-acrylates through a CuI-catalyzed intramolecular coupling. The reactions were mild, rapid and with good to excellent yields.
Iron(II) triflate as a catalyst for the synthesis of indoles by intramolecular C-H amination
Bonnamour, Julien,Bolm, Carsten
, p. 2012 - 2014 (2011/06/28)
A practical iron-catalyzed intramolecular C-H amination reaction and its application in the synthesis of indole derivatives are presented. As a catalyst, commercially available iron(II) triflate is used.
Concise, efficient and practical assembly of bromo-5,6-dimethoxyindole building blocks
Huleatt, Paul B.,Lau, Jacelyn,Chua, Sheena,Tan, Yun Lei,Duong, Hung Anh,Chai, Christina L.L.
, p. 1339 - 1342 (2011/03/22)
A concise, efficient and simple route to a series of bromoindole building blocks is described. The synthetic routes are highlighted by purification-free preparation of o-nitrocinnamate intermediates and clean, modified Cadogan indole syntheses. The scope of this indole synthesis has been explored and expanded through the use of a range of solvents and easily removable phosphine reagents.
[Fe(F20TPP)Cl] catalyzed intramolecular C-N bond formation for alkaloid synthesis using aryl azides as nitrogen source
Liu, Yungen,Wei, Jinhu,Che, Chi-Ming
supporting information; experimental part, p. 6926 - 6928 (2010/11/16)
The syntheses of alkaloids including indoles, indolines, tetrahydroquinolines, dihydroquinazolinones and quinazolinones have been accomplished in moderate to excellent yields via [Fe(F20TPP)Cl] catalyzed intramolecular C-N bond formation using aryl azides as nitrogen source.
