461-58-5 Usage
Chemical Properties
white powder
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 461-58-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Dicyandiamide is a guanidine derivative used in the synthesis of barbiturates,it is also used in the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).
2. In the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine). In the pharmaceutical industry (barbiturates, guanidine derivatives).
3. Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of barbiturates. It is used as a stabilizer of ammonium dinitramide melt. It is used as hardener.
Application
Dicyanodiammonia, abbreviated as dicy or DCD. It is an organic substance with the chemical formula of c2h4n4. It is a dimer of cyanamide and a cyano derivative of guanidine. Chemical formula c2h4n4. White crystalline powder. Soluble in water, alcohol, ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide, almost insoluble in ether and benzene. Stable when dry. It is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group. It is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs. It has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor. It is a member of guanidines and a nitrile. The application of nitrification inhibitors has been used as a strategy to promote N utilization efficacy and reduce N2O emissions in paddy Dicyandiamide (DCD) as a widely used nitrification inhibitor inhibits the activity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria which results in longer ammonium retention and reduces the production of NO2?in soils. DCD efficacy was found to be related to DCD concentration, temperature, moisture, pH, and organic matter content. Studies have shown that leaching DCD from agricultural soils into aquatic ecosystems can strongly change the community composition of benthic stream bacteria and algae and influence stream nutrient cycling stoichiometry. Literature on the mechanisms and benefits of nitrification inhibitors is extensive but there are very few studies focused on the influence of DCD application on other microbes in paddy system.
Production Methods
Dicyanodiamide is manufactured by dimerization of cyanamide
in aqueous solution. The 25% cyanamide solution
produced is adjusted to pH 8–9 and held at approximately
80C for 2 h to give complete conversion. The hot liquor is
filtered and transferred to a vacuum crystallizer, where it is
cooled. The crystals or dicyanodiamide are separated in
continuous centrifuges and passed to rotary driers. In
1990, the total worldwide production of dicyanodiamide
was about 30,000 tons.
General Description
Dicyandiamide is commonly used for the curing of epoxy resins. It is a nitrification inhibitor that is said to be capable of reducing nitrate (NO3-) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazed pasture soils.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Synthesis
The calcium hydrogen cyanide suspension obtained from the hydrolysis of calcium cyanamide is filtered under reduced pressure to remove the calcium hydroxide filter residue, and then carbon dioxide is introduced into the filtrate to precipitate the calcium in the form of calcium carbonate to obtain the cyanamide solution. It is polymerized under alkaline conditions, then filtered, cooled, crystallized, separated and dried to obtain dimer cyanamide. The temperature at the maximum rate of dicyandiamide formation is related to pH: pH is 9.7 at 50 ℃; PH 9.1 at 80 ℃; The pH is 8.8 at 100 ℃. After controlled polymerization under these conditions, the finished dicyandiamide is obtained by cooling, crystallization, separation and drying. The content of dicyandiamide in industrial products is 99%, and 4239kg of lime nitrogen (more than 21% nitrogen) is consumed per ton of products.
Purification Methods
Recrystallise cyanoguanidine from water or EtOH. [Beilstein 3 IV 160.]
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 461-58-5 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 4,6 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 461-58:
(5*4)+(4*6)+(3*1)+(2*5)+(1*8)=65
65 % 10 = 5
So 461-58-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)/p+1
461-58-5Relevant articles and documents
Nitrosation of Cyanamide: Preparation and Properties of the Elusive E- and Z-N'-Cyanodiazohydroxides
Guethner, Thomas,Huber, Evi,Sans, Juergen,Thalhammer, Franz
supporting information, (2020/04/29)
Nitrosation of cyanamide leads to unstable E/Z-cyanodiazohydroxides that easily deprotonate to E/Z-cyanodiazotates. Pursuing observations of E. Drechsel 145 years ago, the structure and reactivity of those products was determined, mainly in aqueous solution. Depending on the pH, three different thermal decomposition pathways give either N2O + HCN or N2 + HNCO. They were evaluated experimentally and by quantum mechanical calculations.
Formation of pyrimidin-2-ylcyanamide and 2-aminopyrimidine in the reaction of aniline derivatives with cyanamide and dimethylamino-1-pyridyl-2-propenone
Koroleva,Ignatovich, Zh.V.,Ignatovich,Gusak
scheme or table, p. 1222 - 1226 (2011/12/01)
Substituted o- and p-nitroanilines and m-benzylaminoanilines in the reaction with cyanamide failed to yield the corresponding arylguanidines, and in the presence of 3-dimethylamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-2-propen-1-one formed 4-pyridyl-substituted pyrimidin-2-ylcyanamides and 2-amino-pyrimidines.
2-substituted-4-nitrogen heterocycles as modulators of chemokine receptor activity
-
, (2008/06/13)
The present application describes modulators of CCR3 of formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, useful for the prevention of asthma and other allergic diseases.
