5436-43-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Solid-phase synthetic method and application of polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer
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Paragraph 0043-0047, (2017/08/31)
The invention discloses a solid-phase synthetic method and application of a polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer. According to the solid-phase synthetic method and the application, the problems of an existing polybrominated diphenyl ether synthetic method that the reaction time is long, the reagent corrosivity is large, the postprocessing is complicated, and special equipment is required in the prior arts are solved. The solid-phase synthetic method has the beneficial effects that by utilizing a method of synthesizing polybrominated diphenyl ether through catalysis of solid superacid under a grinding condition, strong-base and strong-acid liquid reagents are not used, the safety is high, and the cleanness and the environmental protection are achieved; the synthesis time is 10-30 minutes, and compared with an ''iodonium salt-coupling two-step reaction method'', the reaction time is greatly shortened. According to the technical scheme, the solid-phase synthetic method comprises the step of enabling bromophenol to generate dehydration coupling reaction under the catalysis of solid superacid, so as to obtain the polybrominated diphenyl ether monomer.
PHENOXASILINE BASED COMPOUNDS FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATION
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, (2015/11/27)
Organic electronics applications, especially an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an organic solar cell (organic photovoltaics) or a switching element such as an organic transistor, for example an organic FET (Field Effect Transistor) and an organic TFT (Thin Film Transistor), comprising at least one substituted phenoxasiline derivative, a organic semiconductor layer, a host material, electron/hole/exciton blocking material or electron/hole injection material comprising at least one substituted phenoxasiline derivative, the use of a substituted phenoxasiline derivative in organic electronics applications, an organic light-emitting diode, wherein at least one substituted phenoxasiline derivative is present in the electron/hole/exciton blocking layer, the electron/hole injection layer and/or the light-emitting layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron/hole/exciton blocking layer and an electron/hole injection layer comprising at least one substituted phenoxasiline derivative and a device selected from the group consisting of stationary visual display units, mobile visual display units; illumination units; keyboards; garments; furniture and wallpaper comprising at least one organic light-emitting diode, at least one light-emitting layer, at least one electron/hole/exciton blocking layer and/or at least one electron/hole injection layer according to the present invention.
Synthesis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their capacity to induce CYP1A by the Ah receptor mediated pathway
Chen,Konstantinov,Chittim,Joyce,Bols,Bunce
, p. 3749 - 3756 (2007/10/03)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have become widely distributed as environmental contaminants due to their use as flame retardants. Their structural similarity to other halogenated aromatic pollutants has led to speculation that they might share toxicological properties such as hepatic enzyme induction. In this work we synthesized a number of PBDE congeners, studied their affinity for rat hepatic Ah receptor through competitive binding assays, and determined their ability to induce hepatic cytochrome P-450 enzymes by means of EROD (ethoxyre-sorufin-O-deethylase) assays in human, rat, chick, and rainbow trout cells. Both pure PBDE congeners and commercial PBDE mixtures had Ah receptor binding affinities 10-2-10-5 times that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. In contrast with polychlorinated biphenyls, Ah receptor binding affinities of PBDEs could not be related to the planarity of the molecule, possibly because the large size of the bromine atoms expands the Ah receptor's binding site. EROD activities of the PBDE congeners followed a similar rank order in all cells. Some congeners, notably PBDE 85, did not follow the usual trend in which strength of Ah receptor binding affinity paralleled P-450 induction potency. Use of the gel retardation assay with a synthetic oligonucleotide indicated that in these cases the liganded Ah receptor failed to bind to the DNA recognition sequence.
Synthesis and characterization of 32 polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Marsh, Goeran,Hu, Jiwei,Jakobsson, Eva,Rahm, Sara,Bergman, Aeke
, p. 3033 - 3037 (2007/10/03)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as additive flame retardants in, for example, textiles, computers, television sets, and other electrical appliances. present also in humans. The environmental levels of the PBDEs are, however, still in general lower than those of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, while the levels of PCBs generally are decreasing, those of the PBDEs are increasing in, for example, human milk. In the present study 32 individual PBDE congeners were synthesized and characterized. Physicochemical parameters including melting points and UV, 1H NMR, and mass spectra are reported Twenty-nine monobrominated to heptabrominated diphenyl ethers were synthesized by the couping between four diphenyliodonium salts and nine phenolates. One tetrabromodiphenyl ether and two hexabromodiphenyl ethers were synthesized by bromination of two different PBDEs. Twenty-one of the PBDEs and two of the iodonium salts, 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyliodonium chloride and 3,3′,4,4′-tatrabromodiphenyliodonium chloride, are to the authors' knowledge described for the first time. These synthesized reference compounds will aid in the identification and quantification of PBDEs present in environmental samples and will allow further assessment of PBDE toxicity.
