589-34-4

Usage

Uses

Used in Chemical Industry:
3-Methylhexane is used as a solvent for various industrial applications, including the production of paints, coatings, and adhesives. Its solubility in organic solvents makes it an effective component in these formulations.
Used in Gasoline Production:
As a component of gasoline, 3-Methylhexane contributes to the fuel's overall energy content and performance. Its presence in gasoline helps improve the fuel's volatility and combustion characteristics.
Used in Synthesis of Other Chemical Compounds:
3-Methylhexane serves as a starting material for the synthesis of various chemical compounds, such as detergents, lubricants, and plasticizers. Its versatile chemical structure allows for further reactions and transformations to create a wide range of products.
Used in Laboratory Settings:
In laboratories, 3-Methylhexane is utilized as a solvent for various chemical reactions and processes. Its properties, such as low polarity and mild odor, make it suitable for use in research and development.

InChI:InChI=1/C7H16/c1-4-6-7(3)5-2/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t7-/m0/s1

Upstream product

• 591-76-4 2-Methylhexane 
• 187737-37-7 propene 
• 106-97-8 n-butane 
• 124-18-5 decane 
• 142-82-5 n-heptane 
• 92380-17-1 2-Methyl-2-propyl-tetrahydro-furan 
• 2040-96-2 n-propylcyclopentane 
• 859183-70-3 2-ethoxy-1-bromo-3-methyl-hexane 
• 82166-21-0 methyl cyclohexane 
• 592-76-7 1-Heptene 
• 821-25-0 1,1-dichloroheptane 
• 10575-87-8 1,2-dichloro-heptane 
• 108-08-7 2,4-dimethylpentane 
• 67-56-1 methanol 

Downstream Products

• 108-08-7 2,4-dimethylpentane 
• 591-76-4 2-Methylhexane 
• 565-59-3 2,3-dimethyl pentane 
• 142-82-5 n-heptane 
• 2453-00-1 1,3-dimethylcyclopentane 
• 822-50-4 trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane 
• 1640-89-7 ethylcyclopentane 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 20710-38-7 (E)-3-Methyl-hex-2-ene 
• 3769-23-1 4-methylhex-1-ene 
• 3683-22-5 trans-4-Methyl-2-hexene 
• 3404-61-3 3-methyl-1-hexene 
• 4914-89-0 (Z)-3-methyl-3-hexene 
• 71-43-2 benzene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Impact of the Spatial Organization of Bifunctional Metal–Zeolite Catalysts on the Hydroisomerization of Light Alkanes

Improving product selectivity by controlling the spatial organization of functional sites at the nanoscale is a critical challenge in bifunctional catalysis. We present a series of composite bifunctional catalysts consisting of one-dimensional zeolites (ZSM-22 and mordenite) and a γ-alumina binder, with platinum particles controllably deposited either on the alumina binder or inside the zeolite crystals. The hydroisomerization of n-heptane demonstrates that the catalysts with platinum particles on the binder, which separates platinum and acid sites at the nanoscale, leads to a higher yield of desired isomers than catalysts with platinum particles inside the zeolite crystals. Platinum particles within the zeolite crystals impose pronounced diffusion limitations on reaction intermediates, which leads to secondary cracking reactions, especially for catalysts with narrow micropores or large zeolite crystals. These findings extend the understanding of the ??intimacy criterion” for the rational design of bifunctional catalysts for the conversion of low-molecular-weight reactants.

Encapsulation of Crabtree's Catalyst in Sulfonated MIL-101(Cr): Enhancement of Stability and Selectivity between Competing Reaction Pathways by the MOF Chemical Microenvironment

Crabtree's catalyst was encapsulated inside the pores of the sulfonated MIL-101(Cr) metal–organic framework (MOF) by cation exchange. This hybrid catalyst is active for the heterogeneous hydrogenation of non-functionalized alkenes either in solution or in the gas phase. Moreover, encapsulation inside a well-defined hydrophilic microenvironment enhances catalyst stability and selectivity to hydrogenation over isomerization for substrates bearing ligating functionalities. Accordingly, the encapsulated catalyst significantly outperforms its homogeneous counterpart in the hydrogenation of olefinic alcohols in terms of overall conversion and selectivity, with the chemical microenvironment of the MOF host favouring one out of two competing reaction pathways.

Synthesis and functionalization of ordered mesoporous carbons supported Pt nanoparticles for hydroconversion of n-heptane

A comprehensive study was performed on the spectroscopic and textural properties of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) of the CMK-3 type modified by acid oxidation using K2S2O8 as a benign oxidant and nitrogen-doping by the aid of the polymerization of ethylenediamine and carbon tetrachloride inside the pore channels of SBA-15 hard template. The pristine, nitrogen-doped, and oxidized-ordered mesoporous carbons were used as supports to prepare 10 wt% platinum nanoparticles-loaded catalysts using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent. The catalytic behavior, mechanism, and influence of the surface functionalization of the ordered mesoporous carbon bifunctional catalysts toward the hydroconversion of n-heptane using a fixed-bed flow system operated under atmospheric pressure were investigated. The synthesized samples were characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The mesostructural regularity corresponding to the hexagonal P6mm symmetry of the OMC-CMK-3 type was well-reserved even after surface modifications replicated from an SBA-15 template. H2 pulse chemisorption and EDX mapping images confirmed differences in the Pt NPs contents and dispersion depending on the support composition. The catalytic activity results achieved were hand in hand with the proper balance between the acidity strength and Pt NPs dispersion degree.

One-step hydroprocessing of fatty acids into renewable aromatic hydrocarbons over Ni/HZSM-5: Insights into the major reaction pathways

For high caloricity and stability in bio-aviation fuels, a certain content of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHCs, 8-25 wt%) is crucial. Fatty acids, obtained from waste or inedible oils, are a renewable and economic feedstock for AHC production. Considerable amounts of AHCs, up to 64.61 wt%, were produced through the one-step hydroprocessing of fatty acids over Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts. Hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and aromatization constituted the principal AHC formation processes. At a lower temperature, fatty acids were first hydrosaturated and then hydrodeoxygenated at metal sites to form long-chain hydrocarbons. Alternatively, the unsaturated fatty acids could be directly deoxygenated at acid sites without first being saturated. The long-chain hydrocarbons were cracked into gases such as ethane, propane, and C6-C8 olefins over the catalysts' Br?nsted acid sites; these underwent Diels-Alder reactions on the catalysts' Lewis acid sites to form AHCs. C6-C8 olefins were determined as critical intermediates for AHC formation. As the Ni content in the catalyst increased, the Br?nsted-acid site density was reduced due to coverage by the metal nanoparticles. Good performance was achieved with a loading of 10 wt% Ni, where the Ni nanoparticles exhibited a polyhedral morphology which exposed more active sites for aromatization.

PROCESS FOR SELECTIVE RING OPENING OF CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS

PURPOSE: A process for ring opening is provided to obtain improved conversion ratio and selectivity in comparison with the case of using hydrogen as a reducing agent. CONSTITUTION: A cyclic hydrocarbon and a reducing agent are provided as supplying materials. The supplying materials are transferred into a reactor (5) and reacted under the presence of a catalyst. A product is separated from the effusion of reaction zone. The catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst having both acid site and metallic component. The product is obtained by evaporating and heating a mixture containing 100 parts by weight of porous molecular sieve and 0.01-20 parts by weight of water soluble metallic salt. The cyclic hydrocarbon is a naphthene group cyclic hydrocarbon which is pentagonal or hexagonal compound, or an alkyl derivative thereof selected from cyclopentane and cyclohexane. The alkyl derivative is methyl, ethyl, profile, butyl, isopropyl or an isobutyl derivative.

Hydrodeoxygenation of the angelica lactone dimer, a cellulose-based feedstock: Simple, high-yield synthesis of branched C7-C10 gasoline-like hydrocarbons

Dehydration of biomass-derived levulinic acid under solid acid catalysis and treatment of the resulting angelica lactone with catalytic K 2CO3 produces the angelica lactone dimer in excellent yield. This dimer serves as a novel feedstock for hydrodeoxygenation, which proceeds under relatively mild conditions with a combination of oxophilic metal and noble metal catalysts to yield branched C7-C10 hydrocarbons in the gasoline volatility range. Considering that levulinic acid is available in >80 % conversion from raw biomass, a field-to-tank yield of drop-in, cellulosic gasoline of >60 % is possible. Fuel for thought: Biomass-derived levulinic acid can be converted in three simple steps via the angelica lactone dimer into branched, gasoline-range hydrocarbons in high yield by using a combination of oxophilic metal and noble metal catalysts (see scheme). Copyright

C5-C7 linear alkane hydroisomerization over MoO 3-ZrO2 and Pt/MoO3-ZrO2 catalysts

The catalytic activity of MoO3-ZrO2 and Pt/MoO 3-ZrO2 has been assessed based on the C5-C 7 linear alkane hydroisomerization in a microcatalytic pulse reactor at 323-623 K. The introduction of Pt altered the crystallinity and acidity of MoO3-ZrO2. The catalytic activity of Pt/MoO 3-ZrO2 was inferior than that of MoO3-ZrO 2, although the Pt/MoO3-ZrO2 performed higher hydrogen uptake capacity. IR and ESR studies confirmed the heating of MoO 3-ZrO2 in the presence of hydrogen formed active protonic acid sites and electrons which led to change in the Mo oxidation state. Similar phenomenon was observed for Pt/MoO3-ZrO2 at ≤323 K. Contrarily, heating of Pt/MoO3-ZrO2 in the presence of hydrogen at higher temperature did not form protonic acid sites but intensified Lewis acidic sites. It is suggested that Pt facilitates in the interaction of spiltover hydrogen atom and MoO3 to form MoO2 or Mo 2O5 over ZrO2 support which may be intensified the Lewis acidic sites.

Influence of chlorine on the catalytic properties of supported rhodium, iridium and platinum in ring opening of naphthenes

Pt, Ir and Rh were deposited on SiO2 or Al2O 3 using chlorinated precursors and various amounts of HCl in the impregnation medium. The Br?nsted and Lewis acidities increased with the chlorine content of the alumina supported catalysts. The silica-supported catalysts only presented Lewis acid sites. The catalysts were evaluated in methylcyclopentane (MCP) and methylcyclohexane (MCH) ring-opening (RO) under pressure (2.85 and 3.95 MPa, respectively), from 200 to 425 C. For MCP conversion, the acidity of the alumina support had no sensitive effect on the activity and selectivity to RO products, and few effects on the distribution of RO products. No isomerization or hydrocracking products were observed, confirming that these reactions occurred mainly on the metal function, which was not modified by the presence of chlorine. The nature of the support, SiO 2 or Al2O3, had a strong effect on both the activity (1.9 against 0.5 mol h-1 g-1metal for Ir/Al2O3 and Ir/SiO2, respectively at 225 C) and selectivity to RO products (99.6% against 97.5% for Ir/Al2O 3 and Ir/SiO2, respectively, at 80% of MCP conversion) for Ir catalysts only. Interestingly, the Rh/SiO2 exhibited a high selectivity for converting MCP to RO products, similar to Ir/Al 2O3, i.e. 99.6% at 80% of conversion. Depending on the metal and the supports, three types of behavior were observed for MCH ring-opening: (i) a direct ring-opening on the metal function whatever the support for Ir, (ii) a first step of isomerization, and then a need of a sufficiently acidic support, for Pt and (iii) an intermediate behavior for Rh, which was able to either directly convert MCH in absence of acidic support or favor a bifunctional mechanism on chlorinated alumina.

Ring opening of decalin and methylcyclohexane over bifunctional Ir/WO 3/Al2O3 catalysts

Ring-opening reactions of decalin and methylcyclohexane (MCH) over bifunctional catalysts (1.2Ir/WO3/Al2O3) were investigated. A series of catalysts containing up to 5.3 at. W/nm2 and 1.2 wt.% Ir was prepared. The acidity of the solids was monitored by low-temperature CO adsorption followed by infrared spectroscopy. Characterization of the Ir metal phase was performed by H2 chemisorption and X-ray diffraction. The activity and product selectivity patterns obtained for the decalin ring-opening reaction were compared with those observed for MCH. For both naphthenes, ring contraction precedes ring opening, suggesting a similar ring-opening mechanism. Kinetic modeling based on the proposed reaction network allowed the determination of the activation energies and initial rates. Based on the yields and products distribution obtained for the decalin reaction, the potential for improvement of the cetane number is discussed.

Modification of the catalytic properties of MoO2-x(OH) y dispersed on TiO2 by Pt and Cs additives

Addition of 5% Pt or alkali metals such as K or Cs each separately to the bifunctional MoO2-x(OH)y catalyst results in modification of the chemical structure of this system, especially in the case of alkali metals. A new MoO2-x(OA)y, AK, Cs, monofunctional structure having only metallic properties is formed. In the case of Cs for example, the MoOCs bond formation takes place in the course of the reduction process of MoO3 to MoO2 by hydrogen hinders the acidic Br?nsted MoOH formation, which usually is formed in this system. Characterization by surface XPS-UPS, ISS and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques as well as catalytic activity carried out at the same experimental conditions confirm the presence of this monofunctional MoO2-x(OCs)y system. On the contrary, platinum addition enhances the metallic character of the MoO2-x(OH)y bifunctional system in terms of slight improvement in the conversion of 1-heptene and n-heptane as well as dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane to toluene.