59168-21-7

Upstream product

• 91-21-4 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 
• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 38602-73-2 2-benzylisoquinolinium 
• 100-44-7 benzyl chloride 
• 491-30-5 1-isoquinolone 
• 119-65-3 isoquinoline 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 59168-24-0 2-benzyl-3-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one 
• 23277-04-5 2-benzylisoquinolin-2-ium bromide 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 77123-58-1 2-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]benzaldehyde 
• 13605-95-3 N-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline 
• 491-30-5 1-hydroxyisoquinoline 

Downstream Products

• 145160-37-8 2,4-Dibenzyl-2H-isoquinolin-1-one 
• 342812-83-3 2-benzyl-1(2H)-thioisoquinolone 
• 21640-35-7 N-benzylisoquinoline-1,3,4(2H)-trione 
• 33930-74-4 2-benzyl-1-oxo-1,2-dihydro-isoquinoline-4-carbaldehyde 
• 33930-64-2 2-benzyl-4-bromoisoquinolin-1(2H)-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of 3-Methyleneisoindolin-1-ones and Isoquinolinium Salts via Exo and Endo Selective Cyclization of 2-(1-Alkynyl)benzaldimines

Coinage metal-promoted 5-exo and 6-endo selective cyclization of 2-(1-alkynyl)benzaldimines has been studied. It was found that, under gold catalysis, 2-(1-alkynyl)benzaldimines exclusively underwent 5-exo-dig cyclization processes, followed by oxidation to form N-aryl 3-methyleneisoindolin-1-ones. In contrast, in the presence of base and under activation of AgOTf, switching of 5-exo to 6-endo cyclizations of 2-(1-alkynyl)benzaldimines was observed, exclusively giving N-aryl or N-alkyl substituted isoquinolinium salts. The two key reaction intermediates, exocyclic vinyl-Au and the endocyclic vinyl-Ag species have been isolated and characterized, and a study of their reactivities confirms the plausible mechanisms. Reactions of the resultant 3-methyleneisoindolin-1-ones with benzyne afforded structurally important isoindolinone-based benzocyclobutenes. Additionally, several interesting transformations of the resultant isoquinolinium salts have been investigated.

Light-driven selective aerobic oxidation of (iso)quinoliniums and related heterocycles

Selective C1-H/C4-H carbonylation of N-methylene iminium salts, catalyzed by visible-light photoredox and oxygen in the air, has been reported. A ruthenium complex acts as a chemical switch to conduct two different reaction pathways and to afford two diff

Covalent Organic Frameworks toward Diverse Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidations

Photoactive two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) have become promising heterogenous photocatalysts in visible-light-driven organic transformations. Herein, a visible-light-driven selective aerobic oxidation of various small organic molecules by using 2D-COFs as the photocatalyst was developed. In this protocol, due to the remarkable photocatalytic capability of hydrazone-based 2D-COF-1 on molecular oxygen activation, a wide range of amides, quinolones, heterocyclic compounds, and sulfoxides were obtained with high efficiency and excellent functional group tolerance under very mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, benefiting from the inherent advantage of heterogenous photocatalysis, prominent sustainability and easy photocatalyst recyclability, a drug molecule (modafinil) and an oxidized mustard gas simulant (2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide) were selectively and easily obtained in scale-up reactions. Mechanistic investigations were conducted using radical quenching experiments and in situ ESR spectroscopy, all corroborating the proposed role of 2D-COF-1 in photocatalytic cycle.

Co(iii)-catalysed regioselective linear C(8)-H olefination of isoquinolone with terminal aromatic and aliphatic alkynes

A regioselective C8 linear olefination of isoquinoline-1H-2-one with terminal (aromatic and aliphatic) alkynes is reported under Co(iii) catalysis. This is an exclusive report on the C8 functionalization of isoquinolone using non-noble transition metal co

Oxidation of the inert sp3C-H bonds of tetrahydroisoquinolines through C-H activation relay (CHAR): construction of functionalized isoquinolin-1-ones

A TBN/O2-initiated oxidation of the relatively inert 3,4-C-H bonds of THIQs was accomplished, in which the existence of an α-phosphoric ester group is crucial to enable dioxygen trapping and intramolecular HAT (C-H activation relay,CHAR), reali

Visible-Light-Induced Controlled Oxidation of N-Substituted 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines for the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and Isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones

A visible light-rose bengal-TBHP mediated, controlled oxidation of N-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines is developed for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones. The present method feature's a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerances, and the products were prepared in good to excellent yields. The developed methodology further demonstrated in the synthesis of isoindolo[2,1-b] isoquinolin-5(7H)-one (topoisomerase-I inhibitor). (Figure presented.).

I2-Promoted Direct C?H Sulfenylation of Isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones with Sulfonyl Chlorides

A simple, efficient, and green method for the iodine-promoted regioselective C-4 sulfenylation of isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones using commercially available aryl sulfonyl chlorides as the sulfur source was described under metal- and solvent-free conditions. The reaction proceeded smoothly under simple conditions to obtain 4-arylthioisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones in moderate to good yields, and showed high regioselectivity, broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance. A radical reaction mechanism involving ArS. radicals as key intermediates is proposed for the present transformation.

Base-promoted aerobic oxidation of: N -alkyl iminium salts derived from isoquinolines and related heterocycles

Potassium tert-butoxide-promoted aerobic oxidation of N-alkyl iminium salts is reported. The reaction is atom-economical and environmentally friendly. Iminium salts derived from isoquinoline, quinoline, phenanthridine, phenanthroline, and phthalazine were successfully transformed into their corresponding unsaturated lactams with up to 95% yield under mild conditions in the absence of photocatalysts and metallic or organic catalysts. Owing to the general substrate scope, low cost, feasibility of scale up, wide availability of reagents, and green reaction conditions, this method shows great potential for preparing isoquinolones and related compounds. The method was applied for atom- and step-economical total synthesis of natural products such as norketoyobyrine.

Deprotonated Salicylaldehyde as Visible Light Photocatalyst

Salicylaldehyde is established as an efficient visible light photocatalyst for the first time. Compared to other simple aldehyde analogies, salicylaldehyde has a unique deprotonative red-shift from 324 to 417 nm and gives rise to the remarkable increase of fluorescence quantum from 0.0368 to 0.4632, thus enabling salicylaldehyde as a visible light (>400 nm) photocatalyst. The experimental investigations suggest that the reactive radical species are generated by sensitization of the substrates by the deprotonated salicylaldehyde through an energy-transfer pathway. Consequently, the C-C cleaving alkylation reactions of N-hydroxyphthalimide esters proceed smoothly in the presence of as low as 1 mol % of salicylaldehyde under the visible-light irradiation, affording desired alkylation products with up to 99% yields. Application in visible-light induced aerobic oxidation of N-alkylpyridinium salts is also reported.

Co(III)-Catalyzed Annulative Vinylene Transfer via C-H Activation: Three-Step Total Synthesis of 8-Oxopseudopalmatine and Oxopalmatine

The Co(III)-catalyzed redox-neutral annulation of benzamides and acrylamides with vinylene carbonate for the synthesis of isoquinolinones and pyridinones has been developed. This protocol employing inexpensive Co(III) as the catalyst tolerated diverse functional groups and substitution patterns, affording the target products with good to excellent yields. The synthetic utility of this transformation was demonstrated by a three-step synthesis of gusanlung D, 8-oxopseudopalmatine, and oxopalmatine.