592-84-7Relevant articles and documents
RADICAL TELOMERIZATION OF VINYLTRIMETHYLSILANE WITH SUBSTITUTED 1,3-DIOXANES
Makaeva, R. M.,Musavirov, R. S.,Terent'ev, A. B.
, p. 1907 - 1911 (1986)
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Alcohol-Activated Vanadium-Containing Polyoxometalate Complexes in Homogeneous Glucose Oxidation Identified with 51V-NMR and EPR Spectroscopy
Wesinger, Stefanie,Mendt, Matthias,Albert, Jakob
, p. 3662 - 3670 (2021/06/18)
Alcoholic solvents, especially methanol, show an activating affect for heteropolyacids in homogenously catalysed glucose transformation reactions. In detail, they manipulate the polyoxometalate-based catalyst in a way that thermodynamically favoured total oxidation to CO2 can be completely supressed. This allows a nearly 100 % carbon efficiency in the transformation reaction of glucose to methyl formate in methanolic solution at mild reaction conditions of 90 °C and 20 bar oxygen pressure. By using powerful spectroscopic tools like 51V-NMR and continuous wave EPR we could unambiguously prove that the vanadate-methanol-complex[VO(OMe)3]n is responsible for the selectivity shift in methanolic solution compared to the aqueous reference system.
Assessment of ion exchange resins as catalysts for the direct transformation of fructose into butyl levulinate
Ramírez, Eliana,Bringué, Roger,Fité, Carles,Iborra, Montserrat,Tejero, Javier,Cunill, Fidel
, (2021/01/25)
The transformation of fructose into butyl levulinate in aqueous 1-butanol (initial molar ratio 1-butanol/fructose 79, and butanol/water 1.19) has been studied in a discontinuous reactor at 80?120 °C and 2.0 MPa over 8 sulfonic polystyrene-DVB ion exchange resins as catalysts (catalyst loading 0.85–3.4 %). Resins swell greatly in the reaction medium and the reaction takes place mainly in the swollen gel-phase. Swollen resins in water have been characterized by analysis of ISEC data, and spaces originated in the gel phase upon swelling are described in terms of zones of different polymer density. A relationship has been found between the morphology of swollen resins and ester production. Swollen resins with low polymer density show the highest butyl levulinate yield. Dowex 50Wx2 was the most effective because it creates the largest and widest spaces in the gel-phase when swelling. Consequently, it better accommodates the proton-transfer-reaction mechanisms.
Sustainable Co-Synthesis of Glycolic Acid, Formamides and Formates from 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone by a Cu/Al2O3 Catalyst with a Single Active Sites
Dai, Xingchao,Adomeit, Sven,Rabeah, Jabor,Kreyenschulte, Carsten,Brückner, Angelika,Wang, Hongli,Shi, Feng
supporting information, p. 5251 - 5255 (2019/03/07)
Glycolic acid (GA), as important building block of biodegradable polymers, has been synthesized for the first time in excellent yields at room temperature by selective oxidation of 1,3-dihyroxyacetone (DHA) using a cheap supported Cu/Al2O3 catalyst with single active CuII species. By combining EPR spin-trapping and operando ATR-IR experiments, different mechanisms for the co-synthesis of GA, formates, and formamides have been derived, in which .OH radicals formed from H2O2 by a Fenton-like reaction play a key role.