84890-25-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Enzymatic resolution of naproxen
Koul, Surrinder,Parshad, Rajinder,Taneja, Subhash C.,Qazi, Ghulam N.
, p. 2459 - 2465 (2003)
Trichosporon sp. (TSL), a newly found strain isolated from a locally fermented cottage cheese has been found to be highly stereoselective in the resolution of (S)-(+)-naproxen (ee >99%, E～500) from the corresponding racemic methyl ester. The process of resolution using whole cells has been scaled up to multi-kg level. Optimization of experimental conditions including downstream processing at 80-100 g/L substrate concentration with >90% recovery has been achieved. Changes in the physical parameters such as the particle size of the substrate play an important role in the resolution kinetics. A new strain of Trichosporon sp. having high cell density in cultivation (>60 g dry cell mass L-1 in 14-16 h) is found to be sufficiently stable for two years in dry powder form at 5-8°C. The viability of the resolution process has been further improved by the development of a simple racemization process for the enriched (R)-(-)-ester.
Design of multifaceted antioxidants: Shifting towards anti-inflammatory and antihyperlipidemic activity
Kourounakis, Angeliki,Lambrinidis, George,Tzara, Ariadni
, (2021/08/30)
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two conditions that coexist in many multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis and neurodegeneration. Thus, the design of multifunctional compounds that can concurrently tackle two or more therapeutic targets is an appealing approach. In this study, the basic NSAID structure was fused with the antioxidant moieties 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (BHB), its reduced alcohol 3,5-di-tert-butyl- 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (BHBA), or 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), a hydrophilic analogue of α-tocopherol. Machine learning algorithms were utilized to validate the potential dual effect (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant) of the designed analogues. Derivatives 1-17 were synthesized by known esterification methods, with good to excellent yields, and were pharmacologically evaluated both in vitro and in vivo for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, whereas selected compounds were also tested in an in vivo hyperlipidemia protocol. Furthermore, the activity/binding affinity of the new compounds for lipoxygenase-3 (LOX-3) was studied not only in vitro but also via molecular docking simulations. Experimental results demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the new fused molecules were increased compared to the parent molecules, while molecular docking simulations validated the improved activity and revealed the binding mode of the most potent inhibitors. The purpose of their design was justified by providing a potentially safer and more efficient therapeutic approach for multifactorial diseases.
Reshaping the active pocket of esterase Est816 for resolution of economically important racemates
Liu, Xiaolong,Zhao, Meng,Fan, Xinjiong,Fu, Yao
, p. 6126 - 6133 (2021/09/28)
Bacterial esterases are potential biocatalysts for the production of optically pure compounds. However, the substrate promiscuity and chiral selectivity of esterases usually have a negative correlation, which limits their commercial value. Herein, an efficient and versatile esterase (Est816) was identified as a promising catalyst for the hydrolysis of a wide range of economically important substrates with low enantioselectivity. We rationally designed several variants with up to 11-fold increased catalytic efficiency towards ethyl 2-arylpropionates, mostly retaining the initial substrate scope and enantioselectivity. These variants provided a dramatic increase in efficiency for biocatalytic applications. Based on the best variant Est816-M1, several variants with higher or inverted enantioselectivity were designed through careful analysis of the structural information and molecular docking. Two stereoselectively complementary mutants, Est816-M3 and Est816-M4, successfully overcame and even reversed the low enantioselectivity, and several 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives with highEvalues were obtained. Our results offer potential industrial biocatalysts for the preparation of structurally diverse chiral carboxylic acids and further lay the foundation for improving the catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity of esterases.
Efficient resolution of profen ethyl ester racemates by engineered Yarrowia lipolytica Lip2p lipase
Gérard, Doriane,Guéroult, Marc,Casas-Godoy, Leticia,Condoret, Jean-Stéphane,André, Isabelle,Marty, Alain,Duquesne, Sophie
, p. 433 - 441 (2017/03/24)
Enzyme-catalyzed enantiomer discrimination is still a great challenge for the development of industrial pharmaceutical processes. For the resolution of ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen racemates, three major anti-inflammatory drugs, only lipases from Candida rugosa present a high selectivity if solvent and surfactant use is discarded. However, their catalytic activities are too low. In the present work, we demonstrate that the lipase Lip2p from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has a higher catalytic activity than C. rugosa lipases to hydrolyze the ethyl esters of ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen, but its selectivity is not sufficient [E?=?52 (S); 11 (S) and 1.5 (R) respectively]. The enantioselectivity was further improved by site-directed mutagenesis, targeted at the substrate binding site and guided by molecular modelling studies. By investigating the binding modes of the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers in the active site, two amino acid residues located in the hydrophobic substrate binding site of the lipase, namely residues 232 and 235, were identified as crucial for enantiomer discrimination and enzyme activity. The (S) enantioselectivity of Lip2p towards ethyl ibuprofen esters was rendered infinite (E???300) by replacing V232 by an A or C residue. Substitution of V235 by C, M, S, or T amino acids led to a great increase in the (S)-enantioselectivity (E???300) towards naproxen ethyl ester. Finally, the variant V232F enabled the efficient kinetic resolution of ethyl ketoprofen ester enantiomers [(R)-enantiopreference; E???300]. In addition to the increase in selectivity, a remarkable increase in velocity by 2.6, 2.7 and 2.5?times, respectively, was found for ibuprofen, naproxen and ketoprofen ethyl esters.
Design, synthesis and QSAR studies on a series of 2, 5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of diclofenac and naproxen for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity
Ilango, Kaliappan,Valentina, Parthiban,Kumar, Gajendra,Dixit, Dushyant,Nilewar, Shrikant,Kathiravan, Muthu K.
, p. 753 - 763 (2015/12/01)
A series of twenty molecules belonging to 2, 5-disubstituted-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives of Diclofenac and Naproxen were designed, synthesized and their structures were confirmed by spectroscopy. The target compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammator
Transformations of naproxen into pyrazolecarboxamides: Search for potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and ulcerogenic agents
El-Sehemi, Abdullah G.,Bondock, Samir,Ammar, Yousry A.
, p. 827 - 838 (2014/03/21)
Many derivatives of naproxen containing a variety of pyrazolecarboxamides were synthesized through the reaction of naproxenoyl hydrazide with formylpyrazole, acetylacetone, enaminone, Mannich base, and arylhydrazonomalononitrile derivatives. Also, many derivatives of naproxen were synthesized through the reaction of naprexenoyl chloride with amine derivatives containing pyrazole moiety. The synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and ulcerogenic activities. Screening of anti-inflammatory revealed that compound 5 having a 1,3-diphenyl-pyrazol-4-yl moiety had the most promising activity. Compounds 8, 9, and 12, possessing 3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl, 3-phenyl-pyrazol-1-yl, and 3,5-diamino-4-(4- methoxyphenylazo)-pyrazol-1-yl groups, respectively, showed moderate activity. Moreover, compounds 8 and 12 showed higher analgesic activity than the reference drug. In ulcerogenic effect, compound 22 which has methoxphenyl pyrazoline moiety devoid of ulcerogenic effect.
Thermally driven asymmetric domino reaction catalyzed by a thermostable esterase and its variants
Wada, Reina,Kumon, Takashi,Kourist, Robert,Ohta, Hiromichi,Uemura, Daisuke,Yoshida, Shosuke,Miyamoto, Kenji
, p. 1921 - 1923 (2013/04/10)
We have developed a thermally driven domino reaction for the synthesis of (S)-a-arylpropionates (profens) using a thermostable esterase from Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7. Stereoselectivity was improved considerably by engineering of the active site. Stereoselective decarboxylation at the active site of an esterase is a new reaction for the synthesis of optically active carboxylic acids. Crown Copyright.
One-pot synthesis of phthalazines and pyridazino-aromatics: A novel strategy for substituted naphthalenes
Kessler, Simon N.,Wegner, Hermann A.
, p. 3268 - 3271 (2012/08/28)
A new one-pot strategy for the synthesis of phthalazines and pyridazino-aromatics starting from aromatic aldehydes has been developed. A variety of substituents ranging from electron withdrawing to donating is tolerated furnishing the desired 1,2-diazine in good to excellent yields. The products have been applied to the bidentate Lewis acid catalyzed inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction opening a novel two-step entry into substituted naphthalenes, such as Naproxen.
Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-couplings of potassium malonate monoesters with aryl halides
Feng, Yi-Si,Wu, Wei,Xu, Zhong-Qiu,Li, Yan,Li, Ming,Xu, Hua-Jian
, p. 2113 - 2120 (2012/03/26)
An efficient catalytic protocol for Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of potassium malonate monoesters and derivatives with aryl bromides and chlorides are described. Because of its broad applicability, this new catalytic system provides an alternative method for the preparation of diverse aryl acetic acids and derivatives.
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (2S)-2-arylpropanols through a dynamic kinetic resolution of 2-arylpropanals with alcohol dehydrogenases
Galletti, Paola,Emer, Enrico,Gucciardo, Gabriele,Quintavalla, Arianna,Pori, Matteo,Giacomini, Daria
supporting information; experimental part, p. 4117 - 4123 (2010/10/03)
We applied Horse Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase (HLADH) to the enantioselective synthesis of six (2S)-2-arylpropanols, useful intermediates in the synthesis of Profens. The influence of substrate structure and reaction conditions on yields and enantioselectivity were investigated. The high yields and high enantioselectivity towards the (S)-enantiomer obtained in the bioreduction of 2-arylpropionic aldehydes, clearly indicate the achievement of a DKR process through a combination of an enzyme-catalyzed kinetic reduction with a chemical base-catalyzed racemization of the unreacted aldehydes. The racemization step is represented by the keto-enol equilibrium of the aldehyde and can be controlled by modulating pH and reaction conditions.
