896-89-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A Lewis Base Nucleofugality Parameter, NFB, and Its Application in an Analysis of MIDA-Boronate Hydrolysis Kinetics
Taylor, Nicholas P.,Gonzalez, Jorge A.,Nichol, Gary S.,García-Domínguez, Andrés,Leach, Andrew G.,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.
supporting information, p. 721 - 729 (2022/01/04)
The kinetics of quinuclidine displacement of BH3 from a wide range of Lewis base borane adducts have been measured. Parameterization of these rates has enabled the development of a nucleofugality scale (NFB), shown to quantify and predict the leaving group ability of a range of other Lewis bases. Additivity observed across a number of series R′3-nRnX (X = P, N; R′ = aryl, alkyl) has allowed the formulation of related substituent parameters (nfPB, nfAB), providing a means of calculating NFB values for a range of Lewis bases that extends far beyond those experimentally derived. The utility of the nucleofugality parameter is explored by the correlation of the substituent parameter nfPB with the hydrolyses rates of a series of alkyl and aryl MIDA boronates under neutral conditions. This has allowed the identification of MIDA boronates with heteroatoms proximal to the reacting center, showing unusual kinetic lability or stability to hydrolysis.
Efficient potassium hydroxide promoted P-arylation of aryl halides with diphenylphosphine
Chen, Jin,Dai, Bencai,Liu, Changchun,Shen, Zhihao,Zhou, Yang
, (2021/06/26)
A simple synthetic method of triarylphosphine compounds by KOH-promoted P-Arylation reaction of aryl halides with diphenylphosphine is presented. Notably, this transformation could smoothly proceed with high yields under transition-metal-free and mild reaction conditions. In addition, this protocol is valuable for industrial application due to the convenient operation and readily accessible aromatic halides. A possible explanation of the reaction mechanism was proposed based on the experimental data.
Electron-rich triarylphosphines as nucleophilic catalysts for oxa-Michael reactions
Boese, A. Daniel,Fischer, Susanne M.,Renner, Simon,Slugovc, Christian
supporting information, p. 1689 - 1697 (2021/08/03)
Electron-rich triarylphosphines, namely 4-(methoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine (MMTPP) and tris(4-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine (TMTPP), outperform commonly used triphenylphosphine (TPP) in catalyzing oxa-Michael additions. A matrix consisting of three differently strong Michael acceptors and four alcohols of varying acidity was used to assess the activity of the three catalysts. All test reactions were performed with 1 mol % catalyst loading, under solvent-free conditions and at room temperature. The results reveal a decisive superiority of TMTPP for converting poor and intermediate Michael acceptors such as acrylamide and acrylonitrile and for converting less acidic alcohols like isopropanol. With stronger Michael acceptors and more acidic alcohols, the impact of the more electron-rich catalysts is less pronounced. The experimental activity trend was rationalized by calculating the Michael acceptor affinities of all phosphine-Michael acceptor combinations. Besides this parameter, the acidity of the alcohol has a strong impact on the reaction speed. The oxidation stability of the phosphines was also evaluated and the most electron-rich TMTPP was found to be only slightly more sensitive to oxidation than TPP. Finally, the catalysts were employed in the oxa- Michael polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. With TMTPP polymers characterized by number average molar masses of about 1200 g/mol at room temperature are accessible. Polymerizations carried out at 80°C resulted in macromolecules containing a considerable share of Rauhut-Currier-type repeat units and consequently lower molar masses were obtained.
Palladium-Catalyzed C-P(III) Bond Formation by Coupling ArBr/ArOTf with Acylphosphines
Chen, Xingyu,Wu, Hongyu,Yu, Rongrong,Zhu, Hong,Wang, Zhiqian
, p. 8987 - 8996 (2021/06/30)
Palladium-catalyzed C-P bond formation reaction of ArBr/ArOTf using acylphosphines as differential phosphination reagents is reported. The acylphosphines show practicable reactivity with ArBr and ArOTf as the phosphination reagents, though they are inert to the air and moisture. The reaction affords trivalent phosphines directly in good yields with a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. This reaction discloses the acylphosphines' capability as new phosphorus sources for the direct synthesis of trivalent phosphines.
Synthesis method of phosphine (III) compound
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Paragraph 0020, (2021/11/27)
The invention aims to provide an aryl phosphine oxide compound as a raw material, wherein P=O keys are activated by an acid anhydride and alkali is continued. The preparation of the phosphine (III) compound is carried out under the action of a crown ether and a reducing agent. The method has the advantages of cheap and easily available raw materials, simple operation, high atomic economy and the like. Compared with a traditional reduction mode, the method is ingenious in design, waste emission is reduced, separation of intermediate products is omitted, and related reagents such as silicon hydrogen, aluminum, boron and the like with higher price can be avoided. And the reaction suitability is extensive.
Versatile Visible-Light-Driven Synthesis of Asymmetrical Phosphines and Phosphonium Salts
Arockiam, Percia Beatrice,Lennert, Ulrich,Graf, Christina,Rothfelder, Robin,Scott, Daniel J.,Fischer, Tillmann G.,Zeitler, Kirsten,Wolf, Robert
supporting information, p. 16374 - 16382 (2020/11/03)
Asymmetrically substituted tertiary phosphines and quaternary phosphonium salts are used extensively in applications throughout industry and academia. Despite their significance, classical methods to synthesize such compounds often demand either harsh reaction conditions, prefunctionalization of starting materials, highly sensitive organometallic reagents, or expensive transition-metal catalysts. Mild, practical methods thus remain elusive, despite being of great current interest. Herein, we describe a visible-light-driven method to form these products from secondary and primary phosphines. Using an inexpensive organic photocatalyst and blue-light irradiation, arylphosphines can be both alkylated and arylated using commercially available organohalides. In addition, the same organocatalyst can be used to transform white phosphorus (P4) directly into symmetrical aryl phosphines and phosphonium salts in a single reaction step, which has previously only been possible using precious metal catalysis.
Phosphine boranes as less hydrophobic building blocks than alkanes and silanes: Structure-property relationship and estrogen-receptor-modulating potency of 4-phosphinophenol derivatives
Fujii, Shinya,Hashimoto, Yuichi,Matsumoto, Yuichiro,Saito, Hiroki
, (2020/01/28)
Increasing structural options in medicinal chemistry is important for the development of novel and distinctive drug candidates. In this study, we focused on phosphorus-containing functionalities. We designed and synthesized a series of phosphinophenol der
Direct and Scalable Electroreduction of Triphenylphosphine Oxide to Triphenylphosphine
Manabe, Shuhei,Sevov, Christo S.,Wong, Curt M.
, p. 3024 - 3031 (2020/03/10)
The direct and scalable electroreduction of triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO)-the stoichiometric byproduct of some of the most common synthetic organic reactions-to triphenylphosphine (TPP) remains an unmet challenge that would dramatically reduce the cost and waste associated with performing desirable reactions that are mediated by TPP on a large scale. This report details an electrochemical methodology for the single-step reduction of TPPO to TPP using an aluminum anode in combination with a supporting electrolyte that continuously regenerates a Lewis acid from the products of anodic oxidation. The resulting Lewis acid activates TPPO for reduction at mild potentials and promotes P-O over P-C bond cleavage to selectively form TPP over other byproducts. Finally, this robust methodology is applied to (i) the reduction of synthetically useful classes of phosphine oxides, (ii) the one-pot recycling of TPPO generated from a Wittig reaction, and (iii) the gram-scale reduction of TPPO at high concentration (1 M) with continuous product extraction and in flow at high current density.
Copper-catalyzed C–P cross-coupling of secondary phosphines with (hetero)aromatic bromide
Li, Chun-Jing,Lü, Jing,Zhang, Zhi-Xun,Zhou, Kun,Li, Yan,Qi, Guang-Hui
, p. 4547 - 4562 (2018/04/20)
A novel and convenient approach to the synthesis of various tertiary phosphines via a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of (hetero)aromatic bromide with secondary phosphines has been developed. The reaction employs cheap copper as the catalyst, 2,6-bis(N-methylaminomethyl)pyridine (L4) as a perfect ligand and KOtBu as a base; all reactions are carried out under argon atmosphere. A variety of sterically hindered and/or functionalized substrates were found to react under these reaction conditions to provide products in good to excellent yields. Moreover, ten new tertiary phosphines were first reported in this process.
An efficient heterogeneous cross-coupling of aryl iodides with diphenylphosphine catalyzed by copper (I) immobilized in MCM-41
Fang, Zhiqiang,Cai, Mingzhong,Lin, Yang,Zhao, Hong
, (2018/07/31)
The heterogeneous cross-coupling reaction of aryl iodides with diphenylphosphine was achieved in toluene at 115?°C in the presence of 10?mol% of phenanthroline-functionalized MCM-41-supported copper (I) complex (Phen-MCM-41-CuI) with Cs2CO3 as base, yielding various unsymmetric triarylphosphines in good to excellent yields. This protocol can tolerate a wide range of functional groups and does not need the use of expensive additives or harsh reaction conditions. This heterogeneous Cu (I) catalyst exhibited the same catalytic activity as homogeneous CuI/Phen system, and could easily be recovered by a simple filtration of the reaction solution and recycled up to seven times without significant loss of activity.
