993-10-2Relevant articles and documents
Wieber et al.
, p. 427 (1966)
Organotrichlorogermane synthesis by the reaction of elemental germanium, tetrachlorogermane and organic chloride via dichlorogermylene intermediate
Okamoto, Masaki,Asano, Takuya,Suzuki, Eiichi
, p. 2372 - 2376 (2007/10/03)
Organotrichlorogermanes were synthesized by the reaction of elemental germanium, tetrachlorogermane and organic chlorides, methyl, propyl, isopropyl and allyl chlorides. Dichlorogermylene formed by the reaction of elemental germanium with tetrachlorogermane was the reaction intermediate, which was inserted into the carbon-chlorine bond of the organic chloride to give organotrichlorogermane. When isopropyl or allyl chloride was used as an organic chloride, organotrichlorogermane was formed also in the absence of tetrachlorogermane. These chlorides were converted to hydrogen chloride, which subsequently reacted with elemental germanium to give the dichlorogermylene intermediate. The reaction of elemental germanium, tetrachlorogermane and organic chlorides provides a simple and easy method for synthesizing organotrichlorogermanes, and all the raw materials are easily available.
Gas-Phase Synthesis of Alkylchlorogermanes
Chernyshev, E. A.,Komalenkova, N. G.,Yakovleva, G. N.,Bykovchenko, V. G.,Khromykh, N. N.,et al.
, p. 90 - 92 (2008/10/08)
The major product of the hexachlorodisilane-initiated reaction of MeCl with GeCl4 at 500 and 550°C is MeGeCl3. The reactions of AlkSiCl3 (Alk=Me, Et) with GeCl4 at 550 50°C not produce (Alk=Me) or produce (Alk=Et) AlkGeCl3; a mechanism of formation of the latter is proposed.
Tetramethylsilane in synthesis: Selective mono- and polymethylations of germanium tetrachloride
Bordeau, Michel,Djamei, S. Mohammad,Dunoguès, Jacques
, p. 1087 - 1089 (2008/10/08)
In the presence of catalytic amounts of aluminum bromide (or chloride), selective mono-, di-, tri-, or tetramethylation of germanium tetrachloride was effected in high yield with tetramethylsilane (Me4Si) as the methylating reagent. According to the Me4Si/GeCl4 ratio, MeGeCl3, Me2GeCl2, Me3GeCl, and Me4Ge were prepared in 66, 86, 100, and 91% maximum yields, respectively. In these reactions, Me4Si was converted into Me3SiCl and subsequently Me2SiCl2. A mechanism for methylation is proposed, involving the initial formation of Me4Ge (observed regardless of the proportions of starting reagents) followed by disproportionation reactions, with methylchlorosilanes or -germanes present when the initial molecular ratio Me4Si/GeCl4 was lower than 4/1.
