Acetaldehyde binding increases the catabolism of rat serum low-density lipoproteins

Add time:07/30/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Acetaldehyde was found to form adducts with rat serum lipoproteins. The binding of [14C] acetaldehyde to lipoproteins was studied at low concentrations which are known to exist during ethanol oxidation. The amount of lipoprotein adducts was a linear function of acetaldehyde concentration up to 250 μM. Incubation of rat plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL) with 200 μM acetaldehyde increased the disappearance rate of the 3H-label from the cholesterol ester moiety of LDL injected into normal rats. The data show that even low concentrations of acetaldehyde are capable of affecting LDL metabolism. These findings may provide an explanation for the low concentrations of serum LDL in alcoholics.The alcohol-induced hyperlipidemia includes either a lack of increase or a decrease in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration, but the underlying mechanism is not known (1,2). It has been shown previously, that the acetylation of lysine residues of LDL apoprotein (apoB) by acetanhydride leads to rapid uptake of LDL particles by macrophages through a non-LDL receptor pathway (3). Since acetaldehyde, the first toxic metabolite of ethanol, is a chemically reactive compound capable of binding to proteins (4–6), we tested whether acetaldehyde forms adducts with serum lipoproteins and subsequently alters the catabolism of LDL.

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