Research articleGeneric flowsheeting approach to generating first estimate material and energy balance data for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Penicillin V production

Add time:08/13/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Establishment of the key contributors to the environmental burden of a bioprocess at the early design stage provides opportunity to inform the holistic optimization of the process. Here, the production of penicillin V sodium salt by Penicillium chrysogenum is analyzed in terms of material and energy flows and associated energy burdens, assessed through life-cycle analysis, to inform the approach to minimize the environmental impact of key bioprocesses. The material and energy flows are estimated using a generic model (CeBER Bioprocess Modeller), developed and implemented in MS-Excel for early stage estimation of material and energy balance calculations of large-scale microbial bioprocesses. Using these outputs, life-cycle assessment (LCA) is used to estimate environmental impacts associated with producing penicillin V product. Three scenarios for production are considered. It was shown that even with a 55% error in inputs to the CeBER Bioprocess Modeller, using this to determine material and energy balance data and then calculating a full LCA, a final difference in LCA scores of only 5% was obtained.Further key findings in the study showed that electrical and agricultural inputs were the dominant contributors to LCA impacts. Poor separation efficiencies in downstream processing result in high operating volumes and large recycle flows within a process. This, in turn, increased electrical and steam requirements of the process, increasing abiotic depletion and greenhouse gas emissions. The approach provides insight into key process steps in which optimization may reduce environmental costs most significantly.

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