Depigmentation of black Guinea Pig Skin by Topical Application of Cysteaminylphenol, Cysteinylphenol, and Related Compounds

Add time:07/14/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Phenol and catechol were combines with sulfur to develop new melanocytotoxic agents. Among these synthetic compounds, 4-S-cysteaminylphenol (4-S-CAP) and 4-S-cysteinylphenol (4-S-CP), which showed an in vivo antimelanoma effect, were evaluated for cytotoxicity to normal epidermal melanocytes using hydroquinone (HQ) as the control. Topical application of 4-S-CAP on the skin of black guinea pigs revealed a marked depigmentation of black skin. 4-S-Cysteinylphenol also showed some depigmenting potency. 2-S-Cysteinylhydroquinone, which was made by combining cystine with HQ, on the other hand, did not show any depigmenting effect. Depigmentation of black skin by 4-S-CAP appeared to derive from: (1) a decrease in the number of functioning melanocytes; (2) a decrease in the number of melanosomes synthesized within the melanocytes and transferred to keratinocytes; and (3) destruction of the membranous organelles of the melanocytes. None of these degenerative changes was observed in the keratinocytes, indicating the selective effect of 4-S-CAP on melanocytes.

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