Synthesis and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity evaluation of N-substituted aminomethyl-β-d-glucopyranosides

Add time:09/03/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

A series of N-substituted 1-aminomethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside derivatives was prepared. These novel synthetic compounds were assessed in vitro for inhibitory activity against yeast α-glucosidase and both rat intestinal α-glucosidases maltase and sucrase. Most of the compounds displayed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values covering the wide range from 2.3 μM to 2.0 mM. Compounds 19a (IC50 = 2.3 μM) and 19b (IC50 = 5.6 μM) were identified as the most potent inhibitors for yeast α-glucosidase, while compounds 16 (IC50 = 7.7 and 15.6 μM) and 19e (IC50 = 5.1 and 10.4 μM) were the strongest inhibitors of rat intestinal maltase and sucrase. Analysis of the kinetics of enzyme inhibition indicated that 19e inhibited maltase and sucrase in a competitive manner. The results suggest that the aminomethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside moiety can mimic the substrates of α-glucosidase in the enzyme catalytic site, leading to competitive enzyme inhibition. Moreover, the nature of the N-substituent has considerable influence on inhibitory potency.

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