Full length articleGadolinium accumulation in organs of Sprague–Dawley® rats after implantation of a biodegradable magnesium-gadolinium alloy

Add time:09/06/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Biodegradable magnesium implants are under investigation because of their promising properties as medical devices. For enhancing the mechanical properties and the degradation resistance, rare earth elements are often used as alloying elements.In this study Mg10Gd pins were implanted into Sprague–Dawley® rats. The pin volume loss and a possible accumulation of magnesium and gadolinium in the rats’ organs and blood were investigated in a long-term study over 36 weeks. The results showed that Mg10Gd is a fast disintegrating material. Already 12 weeks after implantation the alloy is fragmented to smaller particles, which can be found within the intramedullary cavity and the cortical bones. They disturbed the bone remodeling until the end of the study.The results concerning the elements’ distribution in the animals’ bodies were even more striking, since an accumulation of gadolinium could be observed in the investigated organs over the whole time span. The most affected tissue was the spleen, with up to 3240 μg Gd/kg wet mass, followed by the lung, liver and kidney (up to 1040, 685 and 207 μg Gd/kg). In the brain, muscle and heart, the gadolinium concentrations were much smaller (less than 20 μg/kg), but an accumulation could still be detected. Interestingly, blood serum samples showed no accumulation of magnesium and gadolinium.This is the first time that an accumulation of gadolinium in animal organs was observed after the application of a gadolinium-containing degradable magnesium implant. These findings demonstrate the importance of future investigations concerning the distribution of the constituents of new biodegradable materials in the body, to ensure the patients’ safety.

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