Spermine detection from urine and blood serum using ionic self-assembly of benzimidazolium based dipod and dodecylsulfate

Add time:09/10/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

One of the approaches clinically used for the early diagnosis of cancer is based on the detection and quantification of spermine from the urine. Herein, we have developed platforms of ionic self-assemblies ENS-1 and ENS-2 which elicit highly selective fluorescence quenching with spermine. ENS-1 can detect as low as 6 nM spermine from urine and blood serum samples – a significantly lower concentration required for the early diagnosis of cancer. ENS-1 and ENS-2 could be generated in situ through ionic self-assembly of 1-(2-naphthyl)benzimidazolium based fluorescent molecules DI-NAP and TET-NAP with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in HEPES buffer (containing 5% DMSO) which shows blue fluorescence centred at 425 nm. The practicability of ENS-1 for determining spermine from natural samples could be ensured by the stability of its fluorescence intensity over a period of more than a month, over a broad pH range of 5–10 and also its ability to retain fluorescence intensity at 25 °C even after variation of its temperature between 10 and 60 °C. The mechanism of interaction of ENS-1 and ENS-2 with spermine, as obtained from fluorescence, UV–vis spectroscopy and DLS studies reveals binding of the spermine on surface of ENS-1 and ENS-2 responsible for the observed changes.

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