Alkyne
Alkynes are a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (-C≡C-). They are linear or occasionally branched molecules that contain sp hybridized carbon atoms, resulting in a linear geometry around the triple bond. The general formula for alkynes is CnH2n-2, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Alkynes are more reactive than alkanes and alkenes due to the presence of the triple bond, which undergoes addition reactions with various reagents to form new carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. These compounds find significant use in organic synthesis as building blocks for the preparation of complex molecules, such as pharmaceuticals, plastics, and synthetic rubber. Alkynes also serve as starting materials in the synthesis of specialty chemicals and materials, owing to their unique chemical properties and versatility in forming diverse molecular structures through selective functionalization of the triple bond.
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