- The Periodic Table
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The periodic table is a chart which organizes the chemical elements. The elements are categorized according to the following attributes:
Atomic Number - number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic Mass - sum of the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus
Group - columns or multiple columns in the periodic table. Elements in a group share similar chemical and physical properties.
Period - rows from left to right in the period table. Elements in a period have the same number of energy shells.
Matter can exist in the form of a pure element, but combinations of elements are more common.
Molecule - a molecule is a combination of two or more atoms (could be from the same or different elements, such as H2 or H2O)
Compound - a compound is a combination of two or more chemically-bonded elements. Generally, compounds are considered to be a subclass of molecules (some people will argue they are determined by the types of chemical bonds).
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