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3
1
2.2.1. Synthesis of [PdCl2(Y1)2] (1a) general procedure
3CH3), 31.45 (d, JPC = 11.30 Hz, COCH3), 50.09 (d, JPC = 63.64 Hz,
To a saturated solution of PdCl2 (0.049 g, 0.28 mmol) in acetoni-
trile (10 ml) was added solid Y1 (0.198 g, 0.55 mmol), and the sus-
pension was stirred for 15 min. The resulting brown solution was
concentrated (2 ml) and diethyl ether (10 ml) was added to precip-
itate the brown solid 1a. Anal. Calc. for C48H50Cl2O2P2Pd: C, 64.19;
H, 5.61. Found: C, 64.0; H, 5.79%. Yield 0.185 g (75%), m.p. 170–
CH), 124.02–142.96 (m, arom.), 201.68 (CO).
2.2.6. Data for [Pd{CH{P(C7H6)(p-tolyl)2}COCH3}Cl(PPh3)] (3b)
White solid. Anal. Calc. for C45H37ClO2P2Pd: C, 66.43; H, 4.58.
Found: C, 66.09; H, 4.93%. Yield 0.079 g (81%), m.p. 222–224 °C.
IR (KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1677 (C@O), 1434, 1303, 1132, 1109, 855
172 °C. IR (KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1643 (C@O), 1599, 1498, 1399,
(P–C), 751, 690. 1H NMR (CDCl3) dH (ppm): 4.19 (dd, 2JPH = 9.02 Hz,
3JPH = 5.82 Hz, 1H, CH), 5.15 (s, CH2), 6.9–7.8 (m, arom.). 31P NMR
(CDCl3) dP (ppm): 13.70 (PPh3) and 27.86 (P(p-tolyl)2) (2d,
3JPP = 19.21 Hz). 13C NMR (CDCl3) dC (ppm): 35.55 (dd,
1347, 1293, 1191, 1147, 1104, 1020, 966, 873, 806 (P–C), 763,
658. 1H NMR (CDCl3) dH (ppm): 2.25 (3H, s, COCH3), 2.39 (9H, s,
3CH3), 5.09 (br, CH), 7.26–7.66 (12H, m, arom.). 31P NMR (CDCl3)
dP (ppm): 23.52 and 23.38 (2s, at 25 °C), 23.50 (1s, at 55 °C). 13C
1JPC = 70.69 Hz, JPC = 61.25 Hz, CH), 65.31 (s, CH2), 122.82–139.81
2
3
NMR (CDCl3) dC (ppm): 22.13 (s, 3CH3), 32.63 (d, JPC = 16.38 Hz,
(m, arom.), 172.16 (s, CO).
1
COCH3), 119.28 (d, JPC = 149.8 Hz, p-tolyl, (ipso)), 135.04 (d,
3
2JPC = 7.35 Hz, p-tolyl, (ortho)), 130.15 (d, JPC = 21.64 Hz, p-tolyl,
2.2.7. Synthesis of [Pd{CH{P(C7H6)(p-tolyl)2}COCH3}Cl{P(p-tolyl)3}]
(4a) general procedure
4
(meta)), 135.12 (d, JPC = 7.35 Hz, p-tolyl, (para)), 205.16 (CO).
To a suspension of complex 2a (0.046 g, 0.06 mmol) in CH2Cl2
(20 ml) was added solid P(p-tolyl)3 (0.039 g, 0.13 mmol). The mix-
ture was stirred for 30 min. The resulting colorless solution was
concentrated (2 ml) and diethyl ether (30 ml) was added to precip-
itate the white solid 4a. Anal. Calc. for C45H45ClOP2Pd: C, 67.09; H,
5.63. Found: C, 67.22; H, 5.89%. Yield 0.071 g (84%), m.p. 252–
2.2.2. Data for [PdCl2(Y2)2] (1b)
Orange solid. Anal. Calc. for C54H46Cl2O4P2Pd: C, 64.11; H, 4.89.
Found: C, 64.97; H, 4.64%. Yield 0.217 g (78%), m.p. 184–186 °C. IR
(KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1683 (C@O), 1435, 1285, 1128, 1106, 836 (P–
C), 801, 741, 688. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) dH (ppm): 4.95 (s, CH2, minor
diastereoisomer) 5.10 (s, CH2, major diastereoisomer) 5.36 (bd,
2JPH = 14.33 HZ, CH, two diastereoisomers), 7.22–7.81 (20H, m,
arom.). 31P NMR (DMSO-d6) dP (ppm): 19.83 (trans, minor diaste-
reoisomer), 20.80 (trans, major diastereoisomer), 27.84 (cis, minor
diastereoisomer), 28.09 (cis, major diastereoisomer). 13C NMR
(DMSO-d6) dC (ppm): 28.61 (d, 1JPC = 52.24 Hz, CH, minor diastereo-
254 °C. IR (KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1641 (C@O), 1598, 1497, 1444,
1396, 1295, 1189, 1152, 1104, 1027, 802 (P–C), 649, 511 1H NMR
(CDCl3) dH (ppm): 1.67 (3H, s, COCH3), 2.31 and 2.43 (9H, 2s,
2
3
3CH3), 4.88 (dd, JPH = 9.85 Hz, JPH = 9.22 Hz, 1H, CH), 7.03–7.62
(23H, m, arom.). 31P NMR (CDCl3) dP (ppm): 11.56 (P(p-tolyl)3)
and 26.97 (P(p-tolyl)2) (2d, JPP = 18.5 Hz). 13C NMR (CDCl3) dC
3
1
3
isomer), 29.38 (d, JPC = 56.75 Hz, CH, major diastereoisomer),
(ppm): 21.43 (s, 3CH3), 31.24 (d, JPC = 11.06 Hz, COCH3), 49.90
(d, JPC = 60.71 Hz, CH), 122.02–165.18 (m, arom.), 201.31 (CO).
1
64.94 (s, CH2, minor diastereoisomer), 67.62 (s, CH2, major diaste-
reoisomer), 115.79–136.05 (arom.), 164.19 (CO, minor diastereo-
isomer), 170.45 (CO, major diastereoisomer).
2.2.8. Data for [Pd{CH{P(C6H4)Ph2}CO2CH2Ph}Cl{P(p-tolyl)3}] (4b)
White solid. Anal. Calc. for C48H46ClO2P2Pd: C, 67.14; H, 5.40.
Found: C, 66.27; H, 5.31%. Yield 0.087 g (85%); m.p. 234–236 °C.
2.2.3. Synthesis of [Pd{CH{P(C7H6)(p-tolyl)2}COCH3}(
general procedure
l-Cl)]2 (2a)
IR (KBr disk):
m
(cmꢀ1): 1688 (C@O), 1436, 1294, 1128, 844 (P–
To a suspension of PdCl2 (0.090 g, 0.51 mmol) in acetonitrile
(20 ml) was added solid Y1 (0.376 g, 1.02 mmol). The mixture
was refluxed for 8 h and then allowed to cool to room temperature.
The suspension was filtered and the solid was washed with diethyl
ether (10 ml) to give a greenish-yellow solid as product 2a. The
phosphonium salt [(p-tolyl)3PCH2COCH3]Cl separated, as a by-
product, via the mother liquor by washing solid 2a. Anal. Calc. for
C), 806, 734, 692. 1H NMR (CDCl3) dH (ppm): 4.18 (dd,
2JPH = 9.05 Hz, JPH = 5.31 Hz, 1H, CH), 5.156 (s, 2H, CH2), 2.30 (s,
3
9H, 3CH3), 6.9–8 (m, 31H, arom). 31P NMR (CDCl3) dP (ppm):
13.51 (P(p-tolyl)3), 26.47 (PPh2), (2d, JPP = 18.5 Hz). 13C NMR
3
1
2
(CDCl3) dC (ppm): 35.27 (dd, JPC = 69.3 Hz, JPC = 61.02 Hz, CH),
65.12 (s, CH2), 122.62–139.44 (m, arom.), 172.06 (s, CO).
C
48H48Cl2O2P2Pd2: C, 57.50; H, 4.83. Found: C, 57.0; H, 5.06%. Yield
0.356 g (78%), m.p. 316–319 °C. IR (KBr disk)
(cmꢀ1): 1645, 1599,
1441, 1292, 1193, 1152, 1108, 1030, 805 (P–C), 656.
3. Results and discussion
m
3.1. Spectroscopy
2.2.4. Data for [Pd{CHP(C6H4)Ph2CO2CH2Ph}(
l
-Cl)]2 (2b)
The m(CO) band, which is sensitive to complexation, occurs at
Greenish-yellow solid. Anal. Calc. for C54H44Cl2O4P2Pd2: C,
1600 and 1610 cmꢀ1 in the parent ylides Y1 and Y2, respectively
[30,31]. Coordination of ylide through the carbon atom causes an
58.82; H, 4.02. Found: C, 58.76; H, 4.40%. Yield 0.210 g (75%),
m.p. 283–285 °C. IR (KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1695 (C@O), 1435, 1284,
increase in the
of the (CO) band is expected [32]. Thus the IR absorption bands for
the complexes at higher frequencies indicate that C-coordination
m(CO) band, whereas for O-coordination a lowering
1126, 1106, 836 (P–C), 734, 689.
m
2.2.5. Synthesis of [Pd{CH{P(C7H6)(p-tolyl)2}COCH3}Cl(PPh3)] (3a)
general procedure
has occurred. The m(P–C) band frequencies, which are also diagnos-
tic of the coordination mode, occur at 848 and 887 cmꢀ1 in the par-
ent ylides Y1 and Y2, respectively, and are shifted to lower
frequencies for the complexes, suggesting some removal of the
electron density of the P–C bonds [33].
To a suspension of complex 2a (0.046 g, 0.06 mmol) in CH2Cl2
(20 ml) was added solid PPh3 (0.033 g, 0.13 mmol). The mixture
was stirred for 30 min. The resulting colorless solution was con-
centrated (2 ml) and diethyl ether (30 ml) was added to precipitate
the white solid 3a. Anal. Calc. for C42H39ClOP2Pd: C, 66.06; H, 5.15.
Found: C, 65.89; H, 5.35%. Yield 0.064 g (82%), m.p. 246–248 °C. IR
The presence of two chiral C centres (forming diastereoisomers)
in 1b (Scheme 1) is shown in the 1H, 31P and 13C NMR spectra by
two sets of signals with unequal populations for CH2, CH, CO and
PCH groups. The geometry of cis and trans may leads to the further
peaks in the 31P NMR spectra: 19.83, 20.80, 27.84 and 28.09 ppm
for 1b and 23.38 and 23.52 ppm at 25 °C for 1a [34,35].
The two geometries for 1a equilibrate rapidly at higher temper-
atures, leading to one signal for phosphorus centre (dP = 23.50 ppm
at 55 °C) (Fig. 1).
(KBr disk)
m
(cmꢀ1): 1639, 1594, 1572, 1475, 1433, 1351, 1302,
1180, 1154, 1103, 803 (P–C), 747, 692, 556. 1H NMR (CDCl3) dH
(ppm): 1.66 (3H, s, COCH3), 2.37 and 2.42 (9H, 2s, 3CH3), 4.90
2
3
(dd, JPH = 8.96 Hz, JPH = 8.87 Hz, 1H, CH), 6.66–7.78 (26H, m,
arom.). 31P NMR (CDCl3) dP (ppm): 12.00 (PPh3) and 28.49 (P(p-to-
lyl)2) (2d, JPP = 19.0 Hz). 13C NMR (CDCl3) dC (ppm): 21.65 (s,
3