24
M. Jime´nez Tenorio et al. / Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 564 (1998) 21–28
equivalence at this temperature of the three hydride
ligands (Fig. 2). Consistent with this, one sharp singlet
appears in the 31P{1H}-NMR spectrum. As the temper-
ature is lowered, the single hydride resonance in the
1H-NMR spectrum becomes broad and unresolved, and
then splits into two broad signals centred at −9.95 and
−10.65 ppm, respectively. The resonance at lower field
resolves into one quintet at 213 K, having a coupling
constant JHP=21 Hz, whereas the signal at higher field,
which has double intensity, remains broad, although it
shows signs of a partially resolved coupling to phos-
phorus with a reduced coupling constant JHP$7 Hz.
At this temperature, the 31P{1H}-NMR spectrum con-
sists of one broad signal, which splits into two separate
broad resonances at lower temperature (188 K), sug-
gesting that the phosphorus atoms become non-equiva-
lent (Fig. 2). The hydride signals in the 1H-NMR
spectrum become broader at this temperature, although
no significant change in the pattern is observed. The
fact that two resonances appear for metal-bound pro-
tons indicates that there are two different sorts of
hydridic sites, and that protons in these sites undergo
rapid exchange in the NMR time scale averaging their
chemical shifts and JHP coupling constants, as it has
been observed for other related complexes of the type
[OsH3(diphos)2]+ [7]. These osmium derivatives range
from hydride(dihydrogen) complexes to ‘classical’ trihy-
drides passing through intermediate situations contain-
ing an ‘elongated’ dihydrogen ligand, depending upon
the nature of the substituents at the phosphorus atoms
of the diphosphine ligands. In some instances, rapid
equilibria between the hydride and dihydrogen tau-
tomers has been also observed [13]. In our case, mea-
surements of (T1)min (minimum longitudinal relaxation
time) yielded 289 ms for the quintet, and 182 ms for the
broad resonance at higher field (acetone-d6, 400 MHz).
These values need to be corrected in order to account
for the contribution of the rapid hydride exchange
between sites to the overall relaxation [7,13], using the
formula:
drides)). [OsH(H2)(dppe)2]+ is a hydride(dihydrogen)
complex [7], although dppe is a poorer donor than
depe, dippe and dcpe. It is interesting to note that the
complex [OsCl(H…H)(dippe)2][BPh4], recently reported
by us [11], contains an ‘elongated’ dihydrogen ligand
˚
(dHH=1.0–1.3 A). In this sense, the effect of the halide
versus hydride on H–H bonding of the trans-H2 ligand
in complexes of the type [MX(H2)(R2PCH2CH2PR2)2]+
(M=Ru, Os; X=H, halide) has been subject of de-
tailed studies [6,9,10]. Whereas for Ru complexes a
change from halide to hydride involves always a de-
crease in dHH, for their osmium homologues the change
may cause both an increase or a decrease in dHH
,
depending upon the R substituent on the diphospine.
Thus, in our case (R=iPr), there is an increase in dHH
when changing Cl by H, as it also occurs for R=Cy,
although the effect is reversed when R=Et or Ph. The
structure proposed for 2, according to the spectral data,
is derived from a pentagonal bipyramid, with all the
hydrides lying on the equatorial plane, and the phos-
phines adopting a cisoid disposition, as shown.
This structure involves the non-equivalence of the
phosphorus atoms at axial and equatorial positions,
although rapid exchange in solution occurs, rendering
them equivalent on the NMR time scale. In fact, the
31P{1H}-NMR spectra of all compounds of the type
[OsH3(R2PCH2CH2PR2)2]+ reported in the literature
consists of one singlet in the temperature range 200–
300 K. However, in the case of 2 the splitting of the
31P{1H} resonance has been observed at 183 K (Fig. 2).
This has allowed the estimation of the energy barrier
responsible for the exchange process from the variable
temperature 31P{1H}-NMR data [14]. Thus, the rate of
exchange at 203 K is 2433 s−1. An Eyring plot (Fig. 3)
yielded the activation parameters DH" =8.790.5 kcal
1
1
1
=
+
T1(H2)obs T1(H2)true T1(H)obs
mol−1; DS" =190.5 cal K−1 mol−1, and DG298
=
8.490.5 kcal mol−1. This values of DG298 is coincident
with the estimated upper bound for the activation
energy of the exchange process in the complexes
[OsH(H2)(R2PCH2CH2PR2)2]+ (R=Ph, Et) and
[ReH3(dppe)2] [7,13], the small value for DS" being
consistent with an intramolecular mechanism.
This leads to a ‘true’ (T1)min value of 492 ms for the
OsH2 resonance, which corresponds to a dHH in the
˚
range 1.51–1.90 A, suggesting that 2 is a ‘classical’
hydride rather than a dihydrogen complex, and hence
should be formulated as an OsIV trihydride, or better as
a
hydride(dihydride) of the type [OsH(H)2
Compound 2 is reversibly deprotonated by a strong
base such as KOBut yielding the neutral dihydride
cis-[OsH2(dippe)2] (3). This white, crystalline material is
characterized by the presence of a multiplet signal for
(dippe)2][BPh4]. Thus, an increase of the bulk of the
substituents at phosphorus favours the hydride tau-
tomer over the dihydrogen form, as inferred from the
fact that [OsH(H…H)(depe)2]+ is an ‘elongated’ dihy-
drogen complex [7], whereas 2 and also [OsH3(dcpe)2]+
[4] behave as classical trihydrides (or hydride(dihy-
1
the hydride protons in the H-NMR spectrum, whereas
two sharp singlets are observed in the 31P{1H}-NMR
spectrum, consistent with the cis-disposition of the