An improved and easy method for the preparation of 2,2-disubstituted 1-nitroalkenes

Article abstract of DOI:10.1021/jo001215u

Reactions of ketones 1, nitromethane 2, and catalytic amount of piperidine 3 in the presence of mercaptan 6 generate β-nitroalkyl sulfides 7-9. At 0 °C and by the use of dichloromethane as solvent, β-nitroalkyl sulfides 7-9 can be oxidized by m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA) 10 to generate β-nitroalkyl sulfoxides 11-13 and undergo elimination in carbon tetrachloride solution to produce medium to high yield of 2,2-disubstituted 1-nitroalkenes 5. The irreversibility of the synthetic mechanism not only can overcome the reversibility of the Henry reaction in the synthesis of 2,2-disubstituted 1-nitroalkenes 5 but also can generate the major products "exo-nitro olefins" 5c-e when cyclic ketones 1c-e were used. Under similar conditions, medium to high yield of 5-substituted-2-nitromethyl-2-phenylthioadamantane 17 also can be prepared from the reaction of 5-substituted-2-adamantanones 15, nitromethane 2, piperidine 3, thiophenol 6a. The intermediate 17 can be oxidized by m-CPBA 10 in dichloromethane solution and then undergo elimination at room temperature or can be dissolved in solvent, coated on silica gel, and then heated at 90-100 °C to generate 5-substituted-2-nitromethyleneadamantane 16.