organic compounds
Acta Crystallographica Section C
Crystal Structure
Communications
properties and various applications, e.g. optical and electronic
properties, and the applications based on the properties for
optically active polymers and catalysts, organic fluorescent
dyes and light-emitting diodes (Alfonso et al., 2007; Gasparrini
et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2011). Peri-substituted naphthalenes
have also received much attention as characteristic structured
aromatic core compounds for a variety of functional materials
(Mei et al., 2006; Shinamura et al., 2010; Jiang et al., 2010).
Therefore, structural analyses have been actively performed
(Gore et al., 1980; Cohen et al., 2004; Jing et al., 2005).
Recently, we have revealed that diaroylation at the 1- and 8-
positions of naphthalene proceeds smoothly (Okamoto &
Yonezawa, 2009; Okamoto et al., 2011).
ISSN 0108-2701
Head-to-tail square-shaped cyclic
hydrogen bonds leading to dimeric
aggregates: 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-di-
hydroxynaphthalene and a
comparison with its analogous
benzoylnaphthalene
Saki Mohri,a Sayaka Yoshiwaka,a Katsuhiro Isozaki,b
Noriyuki Yonezawaa and Akiko Okamotoa*
aDepartment of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of
Agriculture & Technology (TUAT), Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan, and bInter-
national Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research,
Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
According to X-ray crystal structure studies, the resulting
1,8-diaroylated naphthalene derivatives, such as 1,8-diben-
zoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008), have a
noncoplanar organization of the aromatic rings. Herein, the
X-ray crystal structure of the title compound, 1,8-dibenzoyl-
2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, (I), is reported. The compound has
hydroxy groups at the 2- and 7-positions of the naphthalene
ring in place of the alkoxy groups of the above-mentioned
compound. We report the single-crystal structure and the
molecular packing of (I), and discuss the structure-deter-
mining factors through comparison with the analogous dime-
thoxy molecule.
Received 3 October 2013
Accepted 8 November 2013
The title compound, C24H16O4, crystallized with two indepen-
dent molecules in the asymmetric unit. Both carbonyl groups
in these molecules form intramolecular O—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO
C
hydrogen bonds with neighbouring hydroxy groups, affording
six-membered cyclic structures. In the crystal, dimeric aggre-
gates arise from two intermolecular O—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO C hydrogen
bonds between both independent molecules, forming head-to-
tail square-shaped cyclic ꢀ ꢀ ꢀOꢀ ꢀ ꢀHꢀ ꢀ ꢀOꢀ ꢀ ꢀHꢀ ꢀ ꢀ hydrogen
bonds. These dimeric aggregates are connected into layers in
the bc plane by intermolecular (naphthalene)C—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO
C
interactions. On the other hand, the analogous compound
bearing methoxy groups at the 2- and 7-positions of the
naphthalene ring, namely 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaph-
thalene [Nakaema et al. (2008). Acta Cryst. E64, o807], forms a
three-dimensional molecular network via C—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO C and
ꢀ–ꢀ interactions between the benzoyl groups. These results
show that the intramolecular O—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO C hydrogen bonds
in the title compound control the orientations of the benzoyl
groups and thus promote the formation of the cyclic
intermolecular O—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO C interactions involving the same
donor and acceptor groups in pairs of molecules.
2. Experimental
2.1. Synthesis and crystallization
To the solution of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene
(5.0 mmol, 2.1 g) and toluene (25 ml), AlCl3 (25.0 mmol, 3.3 g)
was added and the resulting solution stirred at 363 K for 1 h.
The reaction mixture was poured into 2 M aqueous HCl and
the mixture was extracted with CHCl3. The combined extracts
were washed with brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4.
The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give a
cake of the crude material. The crude product was purified by
recrystallization from chloroform and methanol (4:1 v/v).
Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by
crystallization from toluene (48% isolated yield; m.p. 501.4–
Keywords: crystal structure; cyclic hydrogen bonds; 1,8-
dibenzoyl-2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene; O—Hꢀ ꢀ ꢀO C hydrogen
bonds.
1
502.1 K). H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): ꢁ 7.13 (2H, d, J =
8.9 Hz), 7.19 [4H, d (broad), J = 7.6 Hz], 7.30 (4H t, J = 7.6 Hz),
7.50 (2H, t, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.92 (2H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 11.24 (2H, s).
13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): ꢁ 115.39, 117.13, 122.16, 128.17,
131.61, 132.82, 133.00, 136.38, 136.49, 161.99, 197.26. IR (KBr,
cmꢁ1): 3441 (O—H), 1661 (C O), 1595, 1513, 1451 (Ar,
1. Introduction
Molecules with noncoplanar aromatic rings, such as binaph-
thyl and biphenyl compounds, have been in the limelight
because of their unique spatial shapes affording characteristic
Acta Cryst. (2013). C69, 1541–1544
doi:10.1107/S0108270113030771
# 2013 International Union of Crystallography 1541