10.1016/0008-6215(94)00264-9
The research details the first total synthesis of sulfated Le" pentaosyl ceramide, a significant endeavor due to the biological importance of these compounds in cell-adhesion processes, particularly in mediating the binding of leucocytes to endothelial cells and platelets. The study aimed to provide an efficient chemical synthesis method for these ligands, which are recognized by L-selectin. The synthesis process involved a series of complex glycosylation reactions using compounds derived from D-galactose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose, rA.tcose, and lactose, among others. Key chemicals used in the synthesis included ceramide derivative 4, glycopentaosyl donor 3, and various protecting and deprotecting agents such as levulinic anhydride, hydrazine hydrate, and NaOH. The successful synthesis was confirmed through various spectroscopic techniques, and the final products, sulfated Le" pentaosyl ceramide 1 and 2, were obtained after a series of transformations and deprotection steps. The study concluded with the achievement of a stereo-controlled synthesis of the sulfated Le" pentaosylceramides, providing a foundation for further chemical and biological scrutiny of these compounds.