Hydrazine

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Hydrazine
• CAS No.: 302-01-2
• Deprecated CAS: 119775-10-9,31886-26-7,75013-58-0,78206-91-4,31886-26-7,75013-58-0
• Molecular Formula: H4N2
• Molecular Weight: 32.0452
• Hs Code.: 28251090
• European Community (EC) Number: 206-114-9
• ICSC Number: 0281
• UN Number: 2029,3293,2030
• UNII: 27RFH0GB4R
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID3020702
• Nikkaji Number: J1.811.009A,J1.516D
• Wikipedia: Hydrazine
• Wikidata: Q58447,Q27110398
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C29097
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL1237174
• Mol file: 302-01-2.mol

Synonyms:hydrazine;hydrazine dihydrochloride;hydrazine hydrate;hydrazine monohydrate;hydrazine mononitrate;hydrazine nitrate;hydrazine phosphate (1:1);hydrazine phosphate (2:1);hydrazine sulfate;hydrazine sulfate (1:1) monosodium salt;hydrazine sulfate (2:1);hydrazine tartrate;segidrin

Chemical Property of Hydrazine

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: COLOURLESS FUMING AND HYGROSCOPIC LIQUID
• Vapor Pressure: 5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
• Melting Point: 1,4°C
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.47(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 113.5 °C at 760 mmHg
• PKA: pK1 (25°): ~6.05
• Flash Point: -4 °F
• PSA: 52.04000
• Density: 1.011
• LogP: 0.21940
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Water Solubility.: miscible
• XLogP3: -1.5
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 32.037448136
• Heavy Atom Count: 2
• Complexity: 0
• Transport DOT Label: Corrosive Flammable Liquid Poison,Poison

Purity/Quality:

Hydrazine anhydrous, 98% ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Hazard Codes: T,N,F
• Statements: 45-23/24/25-34-43-50/53-10-51/53-36/37/38-20/21/22-19-11-36/38
• Safety Statements: 53-26-36/37-45-61-60-36/37/39-16

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Hydrazines
• Canonical SMILES: NN
• Inhalation Risk: A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation may cause lung oedema, but only after initial corrosive effects on eyes and/or airways have become manifest. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the liver and central nervous system. Exposure could cause death.
• Effects of Long Term Exposure: Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the liver, kidneys and central nervous system. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
• Uses: Hydrazine is mostlyed used as a blowing agent in preparing polymer foams. It is mainly used as rocket fuels, boiler water treatments, chemical reactants, medicines, and in cancer research. Hydrazine is used as a high-energy rocket fuel, as a reducing agent, and for preparing organic hydrazine derivatives. The propellant grade of commercial hydrazine is more than 97.7% active. It is also used as an oxygen scavenger in boiler water. Hydrazine has also been used as an experimental drug for treating tuberculosis and sickle cell anemia. Reducing agent for many transition metals and some nonmetals (arsenic, selenium, tellurium), as well as uranium and plutonium; corrosion inhibitor in boiler feedwater and reactor cooling water; waste water treatment; electrolytic plating of metals on glas Hydrazine is a highly reactive base and powerful reducing agent. It acts as an oxygen scavenger and is highly reactive with other chemicals. Hydrazine has a number of uses including, as a chemical precursor to blowing agents (e.g., azodicarbonamide and azobisisobutyronitrile), in the organic synthesis of pharmaceuticals and pesticides (e.g., isoniazid, fluconazole, and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole), as a missile and rocket propellant (e.g., used in the F-16 fighter), as a gas-forming agent in air bags (e.g., sodium nitrite), as a corrosion inhibitor and reducing agent in large industrial boilers, and as a fuel source in fuel cells.
• Description: Hydrazine sulphate, hydrobromide and hydrochloride have been reported to be occupational sensitizers, mainly in soldering flux.
• Physical properties: Colorless, mobile, fuming liquid; ammoniacal odor; density 1.0045 g/mL at25°C; refractive index 1.46044 at 22°C; solidifies at 2°C to a white crystallinesolid; boils at 113.5°C; flash point 52°C; burns with a violet flame; vapor pres-sure 14.4 torr at 25°C; critical temperature 379.85°C; critical pressure 145atm; surface tension 66.67 dyne/cm at 25°C; dielectric constant 51.7 at 25°C;viscosity 0.876 centipoise at 25°C; very soluble in water; forms an azeotropewith water at molar composition of 58.5% hydrazine: 41.5% water (71.48%:28.52% by weight), the azeotrope with water boils at 120.5°C; forms hydrazinehydrate at 1:1 molar concentration in water; soluble in alcohols and other polar solvents; pKa 8.1 at 25°C.

Technology Process of Hydrazine

There total 565 articles about Hydrazine which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 32.0%

Nitrite → nitrogen (7727-37-9) + ammonia (7664-41-7) + hydroxylamine (7803-49-8) + dinitrogen monoxide (10024-97-2) + hydrazine (302-01-2,78206-91-4,119775-10-9,75013-58-0)

Guidance literature:

In dichloromethane; Electrochem. Process; electrocatalytic redn. at Fe(III)(PP)Cl-modified electrode, pH 2.1, -0.8 V, 1.0 h;

Reference yield: 31.0%

tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boric acid bis(diethyl ether) complex + nitrogen (7727-37-9) → ammonia (7664-41-7) + hydrogen (1333-74-0) + hydrazine (302-01-2,78206-91-4,119775-10-9,75013-58-0)

Guidance literature:

With potassium graphite; C₃₀H₅₁ClNOP₂V; In diethyl ether; at -78 - 20 ℃; for 1.33333h; under 760.051 Torr; Reagent/catalyst; Schlenk technique;

DOI:10.1002/anie.201802310

Reference yield:

hydrogenchloride (7647-01-0,15364-23-5) + 6-nitro-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (3682-19-7) → 4-nitrophthalic acid (610-27-5) + hydrazine (302-01-2,78206-91-4,119775-10-9,75013-58-0)

Guidance literature:

at 150 ℃; im Rohr;

upstream raw materials:

1,2-dihydro-[1,2,4,5]tetrazine-3-carboxylic acid

sulfuric acid

hydrogenchloride

ethyl 3-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazine-4-carboxylate

Downstream raw materials:

3-(4,5-dimethyl-pyrrol-3-yl)-propionic acid

2-phenyl-indol-3-one oxime

N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)hydrazine

5-benzofuran-2-yl-4-(4-nitro-phenylazo)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

Refernces

• 1、 Zhao, Lei,Liu, Xuejing,Zhang, Shen,Zhao, Jie,Xu, Xiaolong,Du, Yu,Sun, Xu,Zhang, Nuo,Zhang, Yong,Ren, Xiang,Wei, Qin. "Rational design of bimetallic Rh0.6Ru0.4nanoalloys for enhanced nitrogen reduction electrocatalysis under mild conditions". supporting information. p. 259 - 263. Retrieved 2021/01/14.
• 2、 Chen, You-Hu,Jiang, Xin,Liao, Hong-Gang,Liu, Feng,Mao, Yu-Jie,Sheng, Tian,Sun, Shi-Gang,Wei, Lu,Ye, Jin-Yu,Zhao, Xin-Sheng. "Enhancing electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia with rare earths (La, Y, and Sc) on high-index faceted platinum alloy concave nanocubes". . p. 26277 - 26285. Retrieved 2021/12/10.