Ethyl formate

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Ethyl formate
• CAS No.: 109-94-4
• Molecular Formula: C3H6O2
• Molecular Weight: 74.0794
• Hs Code.: 29151300
• European Community (EC) Number: 203-721-0
• ICSC Number: 0623
• NSC Number: 406578,8828
• UN Number: 1190
• UNII: 0K3E2L5553
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID6040117
• Nikkaji Number: J1.971B
• Wikipedia: Ethyl formate
• Wikidata: Q422777
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 44766
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL44215
• Mol file: 109-94-4.mol

Synonyms:ethyl formate

Chemical Property of Ethyl formate

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: colourless liquid with an aromatic odour
• Vapor Pressure: 15.16 psi ( 55 °C)
• Melting Point: -80 °C(lit.)
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.359(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 54.7 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 7°F
• PSA: 26.30000
• Density: 0.906 g/cm³
• LogP: 0.81520
• Storage Temp.: Flammables area
• Sensitive.: Moisture Sensitive
• Solubility.: Miscible with alcohol, benzene, and ether (Hawley, 1981)
• Water Solubility.: 11 g/100 mL (18 ºC)
• XLogP3: 0.5
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
• Rotatable Bond Count: 2
• Exact Mass: 74.036779430
• Heavy Atom Count: 5
• Complexity: 26.1
• Transport DOT Label: Flammable Liquid

Purity/Quality:

99% ^*data from raw suppliers

Ethyl formate ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): F,Xn
• Hazard Codes: F,Xn
• Statements: 11-20/22-36/37
• Safety Statements: 9-16-24-26-33

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Solvents -> Esters (
• Canonical SMILES: CCOC=O
• Inhalation Risk: A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness.
• Effects of Long Term Exposure: The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.
• Description: Ethyl formate is an ester formed when ethanol (an alcohol) reacts with formic acid (a carboxylic acid). It is also known as ethyl methanoate because formic acid is also known as methanoic acid. Ethyl formate has the characteristic smell of rum and is also partially responsible for the flavor of raspberries.
• Physical properties: Colorless and transparent liquid, volatile, with a pleasant, fruity odor. Miscible with ethanol and ether, soluble in acetone. The solubility in water is 11.8g/100ml.
• Uses: Ethyl Formate is a flavoring agent that occurs naturally in some plant oils, fruits, and juices but does not occur naturally in the ani- mal kingdom. it is used in food at a maximum level, as served, of 0.05% in baked goods; 0.04% in chewing gum, hard candy, and soft candy; 0.02% in frozen dairy desserts; 0.03% in gelatins, puddings, and fillings; and 0.01% in all other food categories.Ethyl formate is also used as a solvent for nitrocellulose; as fungicide and larvicide for tobacco, cereals, dried fruits, etc.; in organic synthesis.

Technology Process of Ethyl formate

There total 251 articles about Ethyl formate which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 92.0%

orthoformic acid triethyl ester (122-51-0) → ethyl bromide (74-96-4) + ethyl trimethylsilyl ether (1825-62-3) + formic acid ethyl ester (109-94-4)

Guidance literature:

With chloro-trimethyl-silane; sodium bromide; for 2h; Product distribution; Heating; Me₃SiBr generated in situ;

Reference yield: 86.0%

ethyl vinyl ether (109-92-2,25104-37-4) → formaldehyd (50-00-0,30525-89-4,61233-19-0) + formic acid ethyl ester (109-94-4)

Guidance literature:

With ozone; at 24.85 ℃; for 0.416667h; under 100 Torr; Kinetics;

DOI:10.1039/b108364n

Reference yield: 79.0%

3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl formate (80592-18-3) → Sesamol (533-31-3) + formic acid ethyl ester (109-94-4)

Guidance literature:

With ethanol; sodium hydroxide; at 82 - 96 ℃; for 4.5h; Reflux; elimination of ethyl formate;

upstream raw materials:

tetrachloromethane

diethoxymethyl acetate

diethyl acetal

formic acid

Downstream raw materials:

N-Formylpiperidine

N-butylformamide

ethanol

piperazine-1-carbaldehyde

Refernces

• 1、 Wilson,Schaap. "". . p. 4126,4130. Retrieved 1971.
• 2、 Wyatt,Anslow,Coomber,Cousins,Evans,Gilbert,Humber,Paternoster,Sollis,Tapolczay,Weingarten. "A short high yielding synthesis of the potent anti-VZV carbocyclic nucleoside analogue carba-BVDU". . p. 2039 - 2049. Retrieved 1995.
• 3、 Kim, Jinsung,Shin, Mi,Suh, Young-Woong. "Etherification of biomass-derived furanyl alcohols with aliphatic alcohols over silica-supported nickel phosphide catalysts: Effect of surplus P species on the acidity". . . Retrieved 2020.
• 4、 Cannon, Austin T.,Saouma, Caroline T.. "Ru catalyzed hydrogenation of CO2 to formate under basic and acidic conditions". . . Retrieved 2021.
• 5、 Fei, Honghan,Paw U, Latisha,Rogow, David L.,Bresler, Marc R.,Abdollahian, Yashar A.,Oliver, Scott R. J.. "Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application of a cationic metal-organic framework: Ag2(4,4′-bipy)2(O 3SCH2CH2so3)". . p. 2027 - 2032. Retrieved 2010.
• 6、 Kekule. "". . p. 188. Retrieved 1861.
• 7、 Erickson, Jeremy D.,Linehan, John C.,Preston, Andrew Z.,Wiedner, Eric S.. "Enhanced Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol by a Ruthenium Complex with a Charged Outer-Coordination Sphere". . p. 7419 - 7423. Retrieved 2020.
• 8、 Westhues, Niklas,Klankermayer, Jürgen. "Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol Using a Molecular Ruthenium-Phosphine Catalyst". . p. 3371 - 3375. Retrieved 2019.
• 9、 Keister, Jerome B.,Gentile, Robert. "PROMOTION BY PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS OF RUTHENIUM-CATALYZED METHYL FORMATE HOMOLOGATION". . p. 143 - 154. Retrieved 1981.
• 10、 Schuchmann, Man Nien,Sonntag, Clemens von. "Hydroxyl Radical Induced Oxidation of Diethyl Ether in Oxygenated Aqueous Solution. A Product and Pulse Radiolysis Study". . p. 1995 - 2000. Retrieved 1982.