Dextran

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Dextran
• CAS No.: 9004-54-0
• Molecular Formula: [C6H10O5]n
• Molecular Weight: 396.42998
• Hs Code.: 39139000
• European Community (EC) Number: 232-677-5
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID00864149
• Wikidata: Q105005208
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C87482,C169901
• RXCUI: 3272,3274
• Mol file: 9004-54-0.mol

Synonyms:Dextran;Dextran 40;Dextran 40000;Dextran 70;Dextran 75;Dextran 80;Dextran B 1355;Dextran B 1355 S;Dextran B-1355;Dextran B-1355-S;Dextran B1355;Dextran B512;Dextran Derivatives;Dextran M 70;Dextran T 40;Dextran T 500;Dextran T 70;Dextran T-40;Dextran T-500;Dextrans;Hemodex;Hyskon;Infukoll;Macrodex;Polyglucin;Promit;Rheodextran;Rheoisodex;Rheomacrodex;Rheopolyglucin;Rondex;Saviosol

Chemical Property of Dextran

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: white crystals or powder
• Melting Point: -114.22oC
• Refractive Index: 185 ° (C=6, H2O)
• Boiling Point: -85.05oC at 760 mm Hg
• PSA: 276.52000
• LogP: -7.73040
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility.: H2O: soluble50mg/mL, clear to very slightly hazy, colorless to f
• Water Solubility.: Soluble in water, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol and glycerol.
• XLogP3: -7.2
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 11
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 16
• Rotatable Bond Count: 11
• Exact Mass: 504.16903493
• Heavy Atom Count: 34
• Complexity: 625

Purity/Quality:

99% ^*data from raw suppliers

Dextran from Leuconostoc mesenteroides average mol wt 15,000-30,000 ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): Xi,Xn
• Hazard Codes: Xn,Xi
• Statements: 20/21/22-36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 24/25-37/39-36-26

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Biological Agents -> Polysaccharides
• Canonical SMILES: C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OCC(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O
• Recent ClinicalTrials: Vision Restoration With a Collagen Crosslinked Boston Keratoprosthesis Unit
• Recent EU Clinical Trials: Effect of Macrodex versus lactated Ringer on coagulation in major surgery. A randomised clincal trial.
• Description: Dextran, a glucose polymer composed predominantly of ol-1,6-glucopyranosidic linkages, is produced from sucrose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides and related organisms and from dextrins by other bacteria. Dextran is used in a bead form to aid in bioreactor applications, some size-exclusion chromatography matrices and in osmotic stress technique study involved in biological molecules. It can be used as a stabilizing coating to protect metal nanoparticles from oxidation. Dextrans are long-chain glucose polysaccharides of various relative molecular masses. Dextran 70 (relative molecular mass 70 000) is retained in the intravascular space where, like albumin, it contributes to the colloid oncotic pressure of plasma. Unlike albumin, dextran 70, when given in large amounts, prevents platelet aggregation and facilitates fibrinolysis. Dextrans are glucose polymers produced by bacteria linked in an α-1,6 chain and having an α-1,3 or α-1,4 branch about every fifth residue. The specific positioning of the branching varies by the bacterium producing it. The molecular weights of these chains generally are 40 or 70 kDa (dextran-40 and dextran-70, respectively), and the compounds work via an osmotic gradient similar to the colloids and hypertonic crystalloid solutions. Dextrans have a longer intravascular residence time than albumin, which limits interstitial edema. As with the crystalloids and other colloids, the dextrans have no oxygen-carrying capacity. Furthermore, because they are bacterial products, the dextrans have the potential to be potent antigens and induce anaphylaxis.
• Uses: The demand for technical dextrans from industry has shown a significant increase in the past decade. Since household sucrose, fruits or fruit beverages could be contaminated with traces of dextrans, ingestion of dextrans, albeit in small amounts, may not be uncommon. Dextran is degraded by dextran-splitting bacteria in the human gut and most of the hydrolysis products can be absorbed to produce a rapid increase in blood sugar and liver glycogen However, in the food industry, where innumerable applications of dextrans in foodstuffs were patented in the 50's and 60's, no application appears to have been pursued and the mandatory toxicological studies to gain FDA approval were not performed. Hence in 1977, the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status of dextrans was deleted. Dextrans are not permitted in the UK or Europe as foodstuff additives, and dextrans do not seem to have been considered by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Foodstuff Additives (JECFA). Dextrans are, however, considered as safe as components of food packaging materials. Dextran fractions do not appear to be included in the lists of permitted additives (ingredients) for pharmaceutical formulations such as ointments and creams for topical use and tablets and capsules for oral use. However, providing the appropriate documentation is presented, there are no a priori reasons why they may not be used. Indeed several products in which a dextran fraction is used as a non-active ingredient are on the market. Purified dextran fractions with high clarity and low chloride levels find extensive applications in the photographic industry. Addition of low concentrations of dextran to the silver emulsion is found to enhance significantly the quality of the images. The effect is presumably attributable to the effect of dextran on the conformation of the gelatin molecules. Since Albertsson revealed the enormous potential of 2-phase polymer systems, especially dextran-PEG systems, for the partition of sub-cellular particles and macromolecules, an immense number of applications has evolved. These systems offer a means of fractionation beyond the range of conventional techniques. Some recent applications are: the separation of peripheral blood cells, distinguishing erythrocytes from multiple sclerosis patients, the separation of enzymes, for example pullulanase, from Klebsiella pneumoniae cells, and the partitioning of murine lymphoblasts. Dextran has been recommended as a cryoprotective agent for human, animal and plant cells. Thus a mixture of 5% methyl sulphoxide and 9% Dextran 70 was found to afford optimal cryoprotection of human bone marrow committed stem cells. The effect of dextrans as adjuvants for prolonging local anesthetic block has been a matter of some debate. Early results had proved somewhat contradictory. Recent reexamination by Hassan and colleagues has revealed that the prolongation of the effect of anesthetic is dependent on the anesthetic used, the MW of the dextran, and the type of dextran derivative used. A prolongation of up to 350% has been obtained. Dextran is a polysaccharide composed of glucose molecules used as an antithrombotic to reduce blood viscosity and as a volume expander in anemia. Studies show that it inhibits the mannose receptor-med iated clearance of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). exhibit borad spectrum of biological activities, with very low anticoagulant capacity: they activate lipoprotein elimination by lipase stimulation, inhibit cell proliferation in vascular wall, regulate transport of plasmatic proteins and inhibit depositi antiinflammatory veterinary drug dextran is a polysaccharide with water-binding properties. It is also used to control product viscosity. Some studies indicate a capacity to enhance the anti-aging activity of formulations containing weak acids, as well as to reduce possible skin irritation arising from such acids.
• Therapeutic Function: Plasma extender

Technology Process of Dextran

There total 8 articles about Dextran which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield:

Sucrose (57-50-1) → D-glucose (50-99-7) + leucrose (7158-70-5) + dextran (9004-54-0)

Guidance literature:

With Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1299CB₄ dextransucrase DSRBCB₄; calcium chloride; at 28 ℃; pH=5.2; aq. acetate buffer; Enzymatic reaction;

DOI:10.1021/jf104629g

Reference yield:

flurbiprofen-dextran conjugate; MW: 48400 → fluorobiprofen (5104-49-4) + dextran (9004-54-0)

Guidance literature:

In phosphate buffer; at 37 ℃; pH=9.0; Further Variations:; pH-values; Kinetics;

Reference yield:

flurbiprofen-dextran conjugate; MW: 72000 → fluorobiprofen (5104-49-4) + dextran (9004-54-0)

Guidance literature:

In phosphate buffer; at 37 ℃; pH=9.0; Further Variations:; pH-values; Kinetics;

upstream raw materials:

Sucrose

Downstream raw materials:

2,3-di-O-methyl-D-glucose

2,4-Me₂-Glc

2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-glucose

2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose

Refernces

• 1、 Nisha,Azmi, Wamik. "Entrapment of purified novel dextransucrase obtained from newly isolated Acetobacter tropicalis and its comparative study of kinetic parameters with free enzyme". . p. 349 - 360. Retrieved 2019.
• 2、 -. "STILBENE-BASED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE THEREFOR". . . Retrieved 2010/06/11.