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| CAS No.: | 56-81-5 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Glycerol |
| Molecular Structure: | |
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| Formula: | C3H5(OH)3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 92.0947 |
| Synonyms: | Glycerol (8CI);Propanetriol (7CI);1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane;E 422;Emery 916;Emery 917;G 101;GL 300;Glyceol Opthalgan;Glycerin;Glycerin DG;Glycerine;Glycyl alcohol;Glyrol;Glysanin;IFP;Incorporationfactor;Mackstat H 66;NSC 9230;Osmoglyn;Pricerine 9088;Pricerine 9091;Trihydroxypropane;Glycerol; |
| EINECS: | 200-289-5 |
| Density: | 1.298 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 18 °C |
| Boiling Point: | 289.999 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 160 °C |
| Solubility: | >500 g/L (20 °C) in water |
| Appearance: | colorless to brown colored liquid |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 Xn, F
|
| Risk Codes: | 36-20/21/22-11 |
| Safety: | 24/25-39-26 |
| Transport Information: | UN 1282 3/PG 2 |
| PSA: | 60.69000 |
| LogP: | -1.66810 |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With Nafion NR50; dihydrogen peroxide at 70℃; for 20h; | 100% |
| With dihydrogen peroxide; Nafion-NR50 In water at 70℃; for 20h; Conversion of starting material; | 100% |
| With osmium(VIII) oxide; sulfuric acid; acetic acid In water at 26.4℃; for 24h; Rate constant; Thermodynamic data; Mechanism; no reaction with corresponding saturated organic compound (selectivity);absence and presence of acrylonitrile or acrylamide (no polimerization); negligible effect of added salts; variation of percent of acetic acid; activation parameters; effect of ; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With samarium(III) chloride In ethanol at 80℃; for 3h; sealed tube; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
| With pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate; silica gel In water for 0.05h; microwave irradiation; | 97% |
| With silica supported polyphosphoric acid In acetonitrile at 55℃; for 0.5h; | 90% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With [quaternary CH3I ammonizated co(divinylbenzene-N-vinylimidazolate)polymer][SO3CF3] at 65℃; for 16h; | A 99.9% B n/a |
| With lithium perchlorate 1) electrolyzis; 2) reflux, 3h; | A 98% B n/a |
glycerol
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; | 99% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| manganese titanate at 200℃; under 37503.8 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; | 98.9% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With water at 60℃; for 4h; | 98% |
| With water at 70℃; Rate constant; variation of pH; | |
| With sulfuric acid; water |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With C11H12N2Pol In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 1h; Time; Concentration; | A 98% B n/a |
| With Amberlyst 15 hydrogen at 60℃; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With Mo(Oxo)/C at 90℃; under 10343.2 Torr; for 6h; Inert atmosphere; | A 97% B n/a |
| at 200℃; ueber die Geschwindigkeit der Umesterung und ueber den stufenweisen Verlauf; |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With lithium perchlorate 1) electrolyzis; 2) reflux, 7h; | A 96% B n/a |
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The IUPAC name of Glycerol is propane-1,2,3-triol. With the CAS registry number 56-81-5, it is also named as 1,2,3-Propanetriol. The product's categories are Biochemistry; Reagents for Electrophoresis; Matrix Materials (FABMS & liquid SIMS); Analytical Chemistry; Mass Spectrometry, and the other registry numbers are 29796-42-7; 30049-52-6; 37228-54-9; 75398-78-6; 78630-16-7; 8013-25-0. Besides, it is colorless to brown colored liquid, which should be stored in sealed, clean and dry place at 2-8 °C. And it is stable, but incompatible with perchloric acid, lead oxide, acetic anhydride, nitrobenzene, chlorine, peroxides, strong acids, strong bases. In addition, its molecular formula is C3H8O3 and molecular weight is 92.09.
Physical properties about Glycerol are: (1)ACD/LogP: -1.85; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -1.85; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -1.85; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 2.35; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 2.35; (8)#H bond acceptors: 3; (9)#H bond donors: 3; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 5; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.49; (12)Molar Refractivity: 20.511 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 70.95 cm3; (14)Polarizability: 8.131 10-24cm3; (15)Surface Tension: 61.9910011291504 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.298 g/cm3; (17)Flash Point: 160 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 61.422 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 289.999 °C at 760 mmHg
Preparation of Glycerol: This chemical can be prepared by saponification of fats, e.g. a byproduct of soap-making.
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Uses of Glycerol: This chemical is used as a humectant, solvent and sweetener, and may help preserve foods in foods and beverages. And it can be used as emulsifiers to manufacture mono- and di-glycerides, as well as polyglycerol esters going into shortenings and margarine. Additionally, it is used as a humectant in the production of snus, in medical and pharmaceutical and personal care preparations. It is also used as a tablet holding agent in solid dosage forms like tablets. And it can be used orally to eliminate halitosis, as it is a contact bacterial desiccant. Furthermore, it has been used as a substitute for ethanol as a solvent in preparing herbal extractions. It is a common component of solvents for enzymatic reagents in the laboratory. It is also used to produce nitroglycerin, or glycerol-trinitrate.
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following: it is highly Flammable. It is also harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. And it is irritating to the eyes.In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. Moreover, you should wear eye/face protection. And please avoid contact with skin and eyes.
People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure.
(1)Canonical SMILES: C(C(CO)O)O
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
(3)InChIKey: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| guinea pig | LD50 | oral | 7750mg/kg (7750mg/kg) | Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 23, Pg. 259, 1941. | |
| human | TDLo | oral | 1428mg/kg (1428mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: HEADACHE GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 288, 1969. |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 8700mg/kg (8700mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) | Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 28, Pg. 1579, 1978. |
| mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 4250mg/kg (4250mg/kg) | Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. Vol. 39, Pg. 583, 1950. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 4090mg/kg (4090mg/kg) | Farmatsevtichnii Zhurnal Vol. (6), Pg. 56, 1977. | |
| mouse | LD50 | subcutaneous | 91mg/kg (91mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 215, 1982. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | intravenous | 53gm/kg (53000mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 215, 1982. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | oral | 27gm/kg (27000mg/kg) | Delaware State Medical Journal. Vol. 31, Pg. 276, 1959. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 9-4/1970, | |
| rat | LC50 | inhalation | > 570mg/m3/1H (570mg/m3) | BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 9-4/1970, | |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 4420mg/kg (4420mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: TOXIC PSYCHOSIS CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES | Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. Vol. 56, Pg. 125, 1987. |
| rat | LD50 | intravenous | 5566mg/kg (5566mg/kg) | Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 26, Pg. 1581, 1976. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 12600mg/kg (12600mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LIVER: OTHER CHANGES | Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 4, Pg. 142, 1945. |
| rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 215, 1982. | |
| rat | LDLo | intramuscular | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION | Nephron. Vol. 20, Pg. 47, 1978. |
