1073-70-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of 2,6-Dimethyl-4-aminopyrimidine Hydrazones as PDHc-E1 Inhibitors with a Novel Binding Mode
Zhou, Yuan,Zhang, Shasha,Cai, Meng,Wang, Kaixing,Feng, Jiangtao,Xie, Dan,Feng, Lingling,Peng, Hao,He, Hongwu
, p. 5804 - 5817 (2021)
A series of novel 2,6-dimethyl-4-aminopyrimidine hydrazones 5 were rationally designed and synthesized as pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 (PDHc-E1) inhibitors. Compounds 5 strongly inhibited Escherichia coli (E. coli) PDHc-E1 (IC50 values 0.94-15.80 μM). As revealed by molecular docking, site-directed mutagenesis, enzymatic, and inhibition kinetic analyses, compounds 5 competitively inhibited PDHc-E1 and bound in a "straight"pattern at the E. coli PDHc-E1 active site, which is a new binding mode. In in vitro antifungal assays, most compounds 5 at 50 μg/mL showed more than 80% inhibition against the mycelial growth of six tested phytopathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea, Monilia fructigena, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, andBotryosphaeria dothidea. Notably, 5f and 5i were 1.8-380 fold more potent against M. fructigena than the commercial fungicides captan and chlorothalonil. In vivo, 5f and 5i controlled the growth of M. fructigena comparably to the commercial fungicide tebuconazole. Thus, 5f and 5i have potential commercial value for the control of peach brown rot caused by M. fructigena.
Allylic and Allenylic Dearomatization of Indoles Promoted by Graphene Oxide by Covalent Grafting Activation Mode
Lombardi, Lorenzo,Bellini, Daniele,Bottoni, Andrea,Calvaresi, Matteo,Monari, Magda,Kovtun, Alessandro,Palermo, Vincenzo,Melucci, Manuela,Bandini, Marco
, p. 10427 - 10432 (2020)
The site-selective allylative and allenylative dearomatization of indoles with alcohols was performed under carbocatalytic regime in the presence of graphene oxide (GO, 10 wt percent loading) as the promoter. Metal-free conditions, absence of stoichiometric additive, environmentally friendly conditions (H2O/CH3CN, 55 °C, 6 h), broad substrate scope (33 examples, yield up to 92 percent) and excellent site- and stereoselectivity characterize the present methodology. Moreover, a covalent activation model exerted by GO functionalities was corroborated by spectroscopic, experimental and computational evidences. Recovering and regeneration of the GO catalyst through simple acidic treatment was also documented.
Design and synthesis of antifungal benzoheterocyclic derivatives by scaffold hopping
Sheng, Chunquan,Che, Xiaoying,Wang, Wenya,Wang, Shengzheng,Cao, Yongbing,Yao, Jianzhong,Miao, Zhenyuan,Zhang, Wannian
, p. 1706 - 1712 (2011)
The incidence of invasive fungal infections and associated mortality is increasing dramatically. Although azoles are first-line antifungal agents, cross-resistance and hepatic toxicity are their two major limitations. The discovery of novel non-azole lead compounds will be helpful to overcome these problems. On the basis of our previously reported benzopyran non-azole CYP51 inhibitor, scaffold hopping was used to design structurally diverse new compounds and expand the structure-activity relationships of the lead structure. Five kinds of scaffolds, namely benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, quinazolin-4-one and carboline, were chosen for synthesis. In vitro antifungal activity data and results from molecular docking revealed that the scaffold was important for the antifungal activity. Several compounds showed potent activity against both standard and clinically resistant fungal pathogens, suggesting that they can serve as a good starting point for the discovery of novel antifungal agents.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of (1-aryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone derivatives as tubulin inhibitors
Zhai, Min'an,Wang, Long,Liu, Shiyuan,Wang, Lijing,Yan, Peng,Wang, Junfang,Zhang, Jingbo,Guo, Haifei,Guan, Qi,Bao, Kai,Wu, Yingliang,Zhang, Weige
, p. 137 - 147 (2018)
A series of (1-aryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanones (8a-p, 9a-p) and ketoxime (10c) derivatives were designed and synthesized as antitubulin agents. All of the target compounds were evaluated for the in vitro anti-proliferative activities against three tumor cell lines (A549, HT-1080, SGC-7901). The most promising compounds in this class were (1-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone (9c) and its ketoxime derivative (10c), which significantly inhibited tumor cells growth with IC50 value of 0.054–0.16 μM. Meanwhile, compound 9c exhibited effectively inhibitory activity of tubulin polymerization. Consistent with its antitubulin activity, compound 9c could destructively damage microtubule network and arrest SGC-7901 cell cycle at G2/M phase significantly. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) and conformational analysis indicate that methyl group at C4-position of C-ring is critical for the activities and the amino group at the C5-position of B-ring plays a negative role in maintaining bioactivity. Furthermore, a molecular docking study was performed to elucidate its binding mode at the colchicine site in the tubulin heterodimer.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of tryptamine salicylic acid derivatives as potential antitumor agents
Xiong, Runde,He, Dongxiu,Deng, Xiangping,Liu, Juan,Lei, Xiaoyong,Xie, Zhizhong,Cao, Xuan,Chen, Yanming,Peng, Junmei,Tang, Guotao
, p. 573 - 583 (2019)
A series of tryptamine salicylic acid derivatives were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity against MGC-803, MCF-7, HepG2, A549 and HeLa cell lines was evaluated. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that different substitutions of the C5 and C3′-C5′ positions have certain effects on the anti-proliferation activity. The growth assay revealed that N-[2-(5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-ethyl]-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-benzamide (E20) showed the most potent and broad-spectrum anticancer inhibition of all the cell lines evaluated, and was only more potent than 5-Fu for the gastric cancer cell line. Preliminary studies indicated that compound E20 could inhibit colony formation and migration of MGC-803 cells. The flow cytometry (FCM) results showed that compound E20 arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis of MGC-803 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the western blot results showed that E20 can down-regulate the expression of hexokinase 2. Our studies suggest that the framework of N-[2-(5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-ethyl]-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-benzamide may be consider as a new type of chemical for designing effective anti-cancer drugs targeting gastric cancer cells.
Synthesis and evaluation of indole derivatives as photosynthesis and plant growth inhibitors
Mendes, Mylla Cristie Da Silva,Fazolo, Bruno Rodrigues,De Souza, Jéssica Maria,De Vasconcelos, Leonardo Gomes,De Sousa Junior, Paulo Teixeira,Dall'Oglio, Evandro Luiz,Soares, Marcos Ant?nio,Sampaio, Olívia Moreira,Vieira, Lucas Campos Curcino
, p. 1350 - 1358 (2019)
Indole derivatives were synthetized based on the Fischer indole methodology using different phenyl hydrazine hydrochlorides and either cyclohexanone or 2-butanone. The pre- and post-emergent herbicidal activities were evaluated against Ipomoea grandifolia. A carbazole, 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole (3b), decreased the PIabs parameter by 32% and increased the cross-section related parameters, indicating the inactivation of the reaction center on photosystem II. Compound 3b acts as a post-emergent herbicide prototype since dry biomass was reduced by 50%, corroborating the fluorescence results. Comparing instead with a germination experiment, 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole (3a) was found to be the most effective agent, inhibiting seed germination by 22% and decreasing root length by 50%. The tetrahydrocarbazoles showed better results than indole derivatives potentially due to the presence of methylene groups at structures, which increase the compounds' lipophilicity and may facilitate their access to the plant. In addition, electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring were found to correlate with increased herbicide activity. Further optimization of this series towards the development of herbicides is ongoing.
Synthesis, in vitro Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activities of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazin-5(6H)-one Derivatives from Dehydroabietic Acid
Jin, Xiao-Yan,Zhang, Kang-Ping,Chen, Hao,Miao, Ting-Ting,Wang, Shi-Fa,Gu, Wen
, p. 538 - 547 (2018)
A series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazin-5(6H)-one derivatives (6a–n) of dehydroabietic acid were designed and synthesized as potential antimicrobial and antitumor agents. Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. All the title compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against four bacterial and three fungal strains using the serial dilution method. Among them, compound 6e showed the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.9 μg/mL. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxic activities of the title compounds were also assayed against three human carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7, SMMC-7721, and HeLa) through the MTT colorimetric method. As a result, compounds 6b, 6g, 6k, and 6m exhibited significant inhibition against at least one cell line with IC50 values below 10 μM. Compound 6m was especially found to be the most potent derivative with IC50 values of 2.26 ± 0.23, 0.97 ± 0.11, and 1.89 ± 0.31 μM against MCF-7, SMMC-7721, and HeLa cells, respectively, comparable to positive control etoposide.
A diversity-oriented approach to indolocarbazoles: Via Fischer indolization and olefin metathesis: Total synthesis of tjipanazole D and i
Kotha, Sambasivarao,Saifuddin, Mohammad,Aswar, Vikas R.
, p. 9868 - 9873 (2016)
New synthetic strategies to indolocarbazoles have been reported via two-fold Fischer indolization under green conditions using l-(+)-tartaric acid and N,N-dimethyl urea. Starting with cyclohexanone, a bench-top starting material, this methodology has been extended to the total synthesis of natural products such as tjipanazoles D and I as well as the core structure of asteropusazole and racemosin B. Here, atom economical reactions like ring-closing metathesis, enyne-metathesis, and the Diels-Alder reaction have been used as key steps. Diverse strategies demonstrated here are useful in medicinal chemistry and materials science to design a library of decorated indoles.
Synthesis and evaluation of aryl substituted propyl piperazines for potential atypical antipsychotic activity
Singh, Shalu,Bali, Alka,Peshin, Tania
, p. 429 - 441 (2021/03/26)
Background: Schizophrenia is a disorder with complex etiology with hyperdopaminer-gia as the leading underlying cause. Atypical antipsychotics are the agents which do not give rise to significant extrapyramidal side effects and are more effective against negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Introduction: A new series of chloro-substituted substituted aryloxypiperazine derivatives and their indole based derivatives was designed and evaluated for atypical antipsychotic activity based on established models for combined dopaminergic and serotonergic antagonism. Method: The present series of compounds were designed based on 3D similarity studies, synthesized and evaluated for atypical antipsychotic activity in animal models for combined dopaminer-gic and serotonergic antagonism. The blood-brain barrier penetration potential was assessed from theoretical log BB values computed through an online software program. Results: Theoretical ADME profiling of the designed compounds based on selected physicochem-ical parameters suggested excellent compliance with Lipinski’s rules. The log BB values obtained for the compounds suggested a good potential for brain permeation. Indole substitution contributed towards an improved efficacy over aryloxy analogs. Lead compounds showed a potential for combined dopaminergic and serotonergic antagonism. Conclusion: The 5-methoxy indole based compounds 16 and 17 were identified as the lead compounds displaying a potential atypical antipsychotic profile.
Synthesis method of metolachlor intermediate
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Paragraph 0078-0088; 0097-0107, (2021/09/21)
The synthesis method comprises the following steps: S1) nitration reaction of chlorobenzene in a nitration reagent to obtain a mixture of o-chloronitrobenzene and p-chloronitrobenzene without separation. S2) The mixture of o-chloronitrobenzene and p-chloronitrobenzene is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation reaction to obtain the mixture of o-chloroaniline and p-chloroaniline, and the product does not need to be separated. S3) The mixture of o-chloroaniline and chloroaniline is subjected to diazotization reaction to obtain the mixture of o-chlorophenylhydrazine and p-chlorophenylhydrazine, and the product does not need to be separated. S4) The mixture of o-chlorophenylhydrazine and p-chlorophenylhydrazine and aldehyde are subjected to a condensation reaction to obtain a triazole ring mixture of Formulae I through a and I through b. S5) The triazole ring mixture is subjected to chlorination reaction to obtain the metolachlor intermediate shown in the formula I. 2, 4 - Dichloroaniline is used as a raw material, the production cost of the metolachlor is reduced, and the supply limitation of the raw material is avoided.
