301-02-0 Usage
Nonionic surfactant
Oleamide is a non-ionic surfactant and is white powder-like or flake-like at room temperature. It is nontoxic, insoluble in water and soluble in hot ethanol, ether other organic solvents. It is obtained by refinement of vegetable oil. It has special internal and external lubrication effect and is relative stable to heat, oxygen, and ultraviolet. It has various kinds of properties including anti-adhesive, slipping, leveling, waterproof, moisture-proof, anti-settling, anti-fouling, anti-static electricity and dispersion. Its effects of anti-sticking, anti-static and dispersion are very strong with no hydroscopic property. It is mainly used for high-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) film and composite film, multi-layer co-extruded film, gas-bag, super-thin film, and the slipping agent, anti-block and anti-static agent for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) calendaring film, polypropylene (PP) and curtain-coating polypropylene (CPP); it can also be used as the slipping agent and release agent of resins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), poly-formaldehyde (POM), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyamide (PA); it can also be used as the slipping agent and antistatic agent of PU surface treatment agent and fiber masterbatch; caking inhibiter, flatting agent, slipping brightening agent of plastic table printing (compound) inks and thermoplastic PE powder; the lubricant and dispersant of pigments, colorants and masterbatch; a indispensable excellent aids for functional opening, slipping masterbatch: it can also be used as metal protecting agent and the lubricants of polyolefin material.
Erucamide
Erucamide is a higher fatty acid amide and is an important derivative of erucic acid and is refined from vegetable oils. It is as waxy solid with no smell and is insoluble in water. It has certain solubility in organic solvents such as ketones, esters, alcohols, ether and benzene. Since the molecular structure contains long chain and unsaturated C22 chain polar amide group, it has excellent surface polarity effect with high melting point and good thermal stability. It can be as substitutes of other similar additive for being widely applied to other plastic, rubber, printing, machinery and other industries. As the processing aid for polyethylene and polypropylene plastics, it can not only make the products be not bonded and increase lubricity, but also can reinforce the thermoplastic and heat resistance of plastics and the product is also non-toxic. Foreign country has allowed it for being applied to foreign food packaging materials. Add the erucic acid amide into the rubber can increase the gloss of the rubber products, tensile strength and elongation rate and enhance the vulcanization accelerator and abrasion resistance with particularly efficacy in preventing the effect of the sun cracks. Adding it to the ink can increase the adhesion, scratch resistance, offset resistance and dye solubility. In addition, erucic acid amide can also be used as the surface lacquer of the calendared paper, protective films of metal and the foam stabilizer of detergent.
The above information is edited by the lookchem of Dai Xiongfeng.
Slippery agent
At present time, common domestic varieties include amides (oleamide and erucamide), soaps (calcium stearate) and organic silicon (silicone). Organic silicon is liquid-like and is expensive as well as being inconvenient for adding usage. There is no domestic professional manufacturer and is difficult for application. Soap products, although is cheap, but has an unsatisfactory effect. It also demands a large adding amount and generally can’t be used in moderate-grade or high-grade products. The slippery agent, oleamide and erucamide has many advantages such as affordable price and significant effect, extremely small addition amount (0.05% to 0.3%), no toxicity (certified by the FDA), wide application range and broad application prospect.
Addition of 0.05%~0.3% oleamide to the low-density polyethylene film can not only improve the antistatic property and lubricating properties, but also improve the anti-moisture performance and can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and adhesion resistance, significantly increase the efficacy of the membrane blowing (extrusion molding) and can effectively prevent the caking between the film and the agglomeration between the pellets. It may also increase the smoothness of the film surface and prevent the dust accumulation in the surface of the product, leading to very smooth plastic products.
In the polyolefin cable material and wholly plastic communication cable material, addition of oleamide (0.05%) can reduce the friction factor from 0.7 to 0.16 while changing its coloring as well as carbon black dispersion and achieve high-speed extrusion of cable aggregate material and improve the smoothness of the inner wall in the cable jacket pipe.
Adding 2-5 oleamide to the polyamide plastic ink can improve the printing performance and lubricity of ink, enhance the water resistance and scratch resistance and anti-offset characteristic (the fouling caused due to that the ink hasn’t become dry yet) and abrasion resistance. In addition, it can also improve the malleability and adhesiveness of the ink on the printed surface, so that the imprinting is clear and has bright color.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 301-02-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. The purpose is as following:
1, it is the chemical additives which must been added to the low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film material.
2, it is also the modifying agent of the plastic ink.
3, it can also be used as the lubricants such as polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (GPPS), phenol (PF) resin, antistatic agents and anti-caking additives.
4, it can also be used as polyethylene, polypropylene, synthetic fibers and other color concentrates and cables (insulation) material lubricant and release agent.
5, it can also be used as the additive for polypropylene (seal) tabletting, efficient heat sheet and sealed material.
6, metal protective agent; stabilizer of the melamine tableware products; lubricants, antifreeze additives of the brake; lubricants of the coatings and dispersion stabilizer of the aluminum coating as well as oil drilling auxiliaries.
2. A brain lipid that induces physiological sleep at nanomolar quantities when injected into rats. This lipid may represent a new class of biological signaling molecules
3. A brain lipid that induces physiological sleep at nanomolar quantities when injected into rats. This lipid may represent a new class of biological signaling molecules.
4. Oleamide has been used as a supplement in glucose and galactose media to prevent the rescue of galactose-induced Leigh syndrome (LS).
Description
OOleamide (301-02-0) was originally identified in the cerebrospinal fluid of sleep-deprived cats acting as an inducer of physiological sleep in animals.1 Displays agonist activity at cannabinoid CB1 receptors (Ki=8.13 μM).2 Activates PPARγ.3 Produces vasodilator effects in rats.4 Displays neuroprotective effects5 and attenuates sepsis-induced intestinal injury6.
Chemical Properties
White Powder
Definition
ChEBI: A fatty amide derived from oleic acid.
General Description
Oleamide?is a lipid or a brain fatty acid, that is found in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). It is originally obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid of cats, that are sleep-deprived.
Biological Activity
Endogenous sleep-inducing lipid. Acts as an agonist at the CB 1 cannabinoid receptor (EC 50 = 1.64 μ M). Also appears to potentiate the actions of 5-HT on 5-HT 2A and 2C receptors, and act via an allosteric regulatory site on 5-HT 7 receptors.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sleep-inducing brain lipid, which allosterically modulates GABAA receptors and potentiates 5-HT7 serotonin receptor responses. Selective endogenous agonist of rat and human CB1 cannabinoid receptor.
Synthesis
Oleamide can be synthesized by ammonolysis of fatty acid or esters with ammonia gas at high pressure.
References
Boger et al. (1998), Oleamide: an endogenous sleep-inducing lipid and prototypical member of a new class of biological signaling molecules; Curr. Pharm. Des., 4 303
Leggett et al. (2004), Oleamide is a selective endogenous agonist of rat and human CB1 cannabinoid receptors; Br. J. Pharmacol., 141 253
Dionisi et al. (2012), Oleamide activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in vitro; Lipids Health Dis., 11 51
Hernandez-Diaz et al. (2020), Effects of Oleamide on the Vasomotor Responses in the Rat; Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 5 42
Maya-Lopez et al. (2020), A Cannabinoid Receptor-Mediated Mechanism Participates in the Neuroprotective Effects of Oleamide Against Excitotoxic Damage in Rat Brain Synaptosomes and Cortical Slices; Neurotox. Res., 37 126
Zou et al. (2019), Cx43 Inhibition Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Intestinal Injury via Downregulating ROS Transfer and the Activation of the JNK1/Sirt1/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway; Mediators Inflamm., 2019 7854389
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 301-02-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 3,0 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 0 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 301-02:
(5*3)+(4*0)+(3*1)+(2*0)+(1*2)=20
20 % 10 = 0
So 301-02-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C18H35NO/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h9-10H,2-8,11-17H2,1H3,(H2,19,20)/b10-9+
301-02-0Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of primary amides by lipase-catalyzed amidation of carboxylic acids with ammonium salts in an organic solvent
Litjens, Mike J. J.,Straathof, Adrie J. J.,Jongejan, Jaap A.,Heijnen, Joseph J.
, p. 1255 - 1256 (1999)
The synthesis of butyramide and oleamide, by Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed amidation of the carboxylic acids, in an organic solvent with ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbamate as a source of ammonia results in good yields, making prior activation of the acids unnecessary.
Aerobic oxidation of primary amines to amides catalyzed by an annulated mesoionic carbene (MIC) stabilized Ru complex
Yadav, Suman,Reshi, Noor U Din,Pal, Saikat,Bera, Jitendra K.
, p. 7018 - 7028 (2021/11/17)
Catalytic aerobic oxidation of primary amines to the amides, using the precatalyst [Ru(COD)(L1)Br2] (1) bearing an annulated π-conjugated imidazo[1,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine-based mesoionic carbene ligand L1, is disclosed. This catalytic protocol is distinguished by its high activity and selectivity, wide substrate scope and modest reaction conditions. A variety of primary amines, RCH2NH2 (R = aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic), are converted to the corresponding amides using ambient air as an oxidant in the presence of a sub-stoichiometric amount of KOtBu in tBuOH. A set of control experiments, Hammett relationships, kinetic studies and DFT calculations are undertaken to divulge mechanistic details of the amine oxidation using 1. The catalytic reaction involves abstraction of two amine protons and two benzylic hydrogen atoms of the metal-bound primary amine by the oxo and hydroxo ligands, respectively. A β-hydride transfer step for the benzylic C-H bond cleavage is not supported by Hammett studies. The nitrile generated by the catalytic oxidation undergoes hydration to afford the amide as the final product. This journal is
CHEMICAL UNCOUPLERS OF RESPIRATION AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
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Paragraph 0248, (2020/11/27)
Uncoupling of respiration is a well-recognized process that increases respiration and heat production in cells. Provided herein are chemical uncouplers of respiration that are compounds of Formula (I). Also provided are methods for preventing or treating metabolic disorders and modulating metabolic processes using compound of Formula (I).
A catalyst-free, waste-less ethanol-based solvothermal synthesis of amides
Dalu, Francesca,Scorciapino, Mariano A.,Cara, Claudio,Luridiana, Alberto,Musinu, Anna,Casu, Mariano,Secci, Francesco,Cannas, Carla
supporting information, p. 375 - 381 (2018/02/07)
A green, one-pot approach based on the solvothermal amidation of carboxylic acids with amines has been developed for the synthesis of diverse aliphatic and aromatic amides. It does not require the use of catalysts or coupling reagents and it occurs in the presence of ethanol that has been proved to have a key role in the process. The proposed strategy is also extendable to biologically active amides and could represent a low-cost and waste-less alternative to the common synthetic pathways.
