107-95-9

Basic information

• Product Name: beta-Alanine
• Synonyms: RARECHEM EM WB 0001;NH2-(CH2)2-COOH;B-ALANINE;BETA-ALA;BETA-ALANINE;BETA-AMINO-PROPIONIC ACID;H-GLY(C*CH2)-OH;H-BETA-ALA-OH
• CAS NO: 107-95-9
• Molecular Formula: C₃H₇NO₂
• Molecular Weight: 89.09
• EINECS: 203-536-5
• Product Categories: Pharmaceutical Intermediates;Amino Acids;Organic acids;β-Alanine [β-Ala];Amino Acids and Derivatives;non-Proteinorganic Amino Acids;omega-Aminocarboxylic Acids;Biochemistry;omega-Functional Alkanols, Carboxylic Acids, Amines & Halides;Amino Acid Derivatives;Amino Acids;GABA/Glycine receptor;alanine;amino acid;bio-chemical;chemicals;food additive;food additives;food flavor;pharmaceutical intermediate;Amino Acids & Derivatives, Metabolites & Impurities, Pharmaceuticals, Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Inhibitors;Heterocyclic Acids
• Mol File: 107-95-9.mol
• Article Data: 231

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 202 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 237.1 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 204-206°C
• Appearance: White/Crystalline Powder
• Density: 1,437 g/cm3
• Refractive Index: 1.4650 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: Store at RT.
• Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
• PKA: 3.55(at 25℃)
• Water Solubility: Soluble in water(550g/L). Slightly soluble in alcohol. Insoluble in ether and acetone.
• Stability: Stable. Keep dry.
• Merck: 14,205
• BRN: 906793
• CAS DataBase Reference: beta-Alanine(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: beta-Alanine(107-95-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: beta-Alanine(107-95-9)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 24/25-36-26
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: UA2369200
• TSCA: Yes
• Hazardous Substances Data: 107-95-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Beta-alanine is a non-proteogenic amino acid that is produced endogenously in the liver. In addition, humans acquire beta-alanine through the consumption of foods such as poultry and meat. By itself, the ergogenic properties of beta-alanine are limited; however, beta-alanine has been identified as the rate-limiting precursor to carnosine synthesis, and has been consistently shown to increase levels of carnosine in human skeletal muscle. Doses of 4 to 6 g/day of beta-alanine have been shown to increase muscle carnosine concentrations by up to 64 % after 4 weeks, and up to 80 % after 10 weeks. Baguet et al. demonstrated that individuals vary in the magnitude of response to 5 to 6 weeks of betaalanine supplementation (4.8 g/day), with high responders increasing muscle carnosine concentrations by an average of 55 %, and low responders increasing by an average of only 15 %. The difference between high and low responders seems, at least in part, to be related to baseline muscle carnosine content and muscle fiber composition. β-Alanine, a β?amino acid, is a component of pantothenic acid and the rate-limiting amino acid in the biosynthesis of the histidinyl antioxidant dipeptides carnosine and anserine. Endogenous β-amino acid that is a nonselective agonist at glycine receptors and a ligand for the G protein-coupled orphan receptor, TGR7 (MrgD). β-Alanine flux plays a cytoprotective role by supporting the osmotic stability of marine organisms, preimplantation mouse embryos and mammalian cells exposed to hypoxic stress.

Chemical Properties

White powder

Uses

It is widely used in medicine, feed, food, and other industries, mostly to synthesize pantothenic acid and calcium pantothenate (a medicine and feed additive), carnosine, pamidronate sodium, barley nitrogen. It is also used to produce plating corrosion inhibiter, as a biological reagent, and as an organic synthesis intermediate. Used as a food and health supplement additive. Endogenous beta-amino acids, non-selective glycine receptor agonists ，G-protein-coupled orphan receptor (TGR7, MrgD) ligand. Relying on the stability of marine biology, beta-aminopropionic acid has a protective effect on cells.

Biological Functions

β-alanine is a non-essential amino acid that can potentially indirectly enhance performance of extremely high intensity (110% of VO2 peak), short duration (1-5 minutes) bouts of exercise. β-alanine may enhance performance by increasing intramuscular levels of another amino acid, carnosine. It is well established that acidosis can increase fatigue during exercise and therefore increasing the body’s buffering capacity may improve high-intensity, short-duration exercise performance. The importance of carnosine has been previously described by Tallon et al., who reported carnosine concentrations in body builders of 40 mmol/kg dry mass compared to the average human of 16 mmol/kg dry mass. Tallon et al. estimated carnosine to account for 20% of total buffering capacity in body builders compared to 10% in the typical population. In theory, if an athlete of any age increases the amount of carnosine present in skeletal muscle, they can enhance their ability to buffer acidic concentrations during high-intensity exercise and thus delay fatigue.

Preparation

Acrylonitrile and ammonia react in a solution of diphenylamine and t-butanol to create beta-aminopropionitrile, which is then alkalized to obtain beta-aminopropionic acid. In a dry autoclave, sequentially add acrylonitrile, diphenylamine and t- butanol, and stir for 5min. Then, add liquid ammonia, maintain the temperature at 100-109℃ and pressure at 1MPa, and stir for 4h. Cool to below 10℃ and stop mixing when the pressure reaches atmospheric pressure. At 65-70℃/(8.0-14.7kPa), decrease the pressure to recover t-butanol to obtain crude beta-aminopropionitrile. Distill the crude product under low pressure, collect the 66-105℃/（1.33-4.0kPa） distillation to obtain beta-aminopropionitrile, and maintain temperature for 1h. Steam under low pressure for half an hour to remove the ammonia in the reaction solution, add water, and drop in hydrochloric until PH reaches 7-7.2. Filter to remove trace impurities. Concentrate the filtered liquid until a large amount of solid precipitates, extract while hot and cool to below 10℃. Filter and vacuum dry to obtain beta-aminopropionic acid. This method requires 982kg beta-aminopropionitrile for every ton of product, and the yield of alkalization is 90%. Place the alkaline sodium hypochlorite solution obtained from degradation of succinimide (Hoc reaction) (containing 14% sodium hypochlorite, 8% sodium hydroxide, 30% sodium carbonate) and ice into a reaction chamber, mix and add succinimide, and let react at 18-25℃ for 0.5h. Increase temperature to 40-50℃ and allow to react for 1h. Add hydrochloric acid to adjust the PH to 4-5, decrease the pressure to condense. After condensed and cooled, add 3 times the amount of 95% ethanol to allow inorganic salts to precipitate, filter, and repeat once again. Then, dilute the filtered liquid with 4 times the amount of distilled water and reflux for 1h. Add activated charcoal to remove color, filter, and pass the filtered liquid through exchange resin. Add activated charcoal to remove color, filter, decrease pressure to condense, cool to crystalize, filter, use distilled water to recrystallize once, and obtain beta-aminopropionic acid. Hydrolyze and acidify beta-aminopropionitrile to obtain.

beta-alanine dosage

A common side effect of β-alanine supplementation is paresthesia which is a sensation of tingling, burning, prickling or numbness to a person's skin with no apparent long-term physical effects. An early investigation reported 10 mg/kg or approximately 800 mg of β-alanine to be the maximal single dose that could be consumed without experiencing significant symptoms of paresthesia. Moreover, β-alanine concentrations peaked 30–40 minutes following consumption and returned to baseline 3 hours following consumption. As a result, an individual supplementing with β-alanine could consume multiple doses throughout the day in 3-hour intervals. In this regard, the consumption of 6.4 g/day of β-alanine consumed in eight doses of 800 mg appears more effective at enhancing skeletal muscle carnosine levels than the consumption of 3.2 g/day of β-alanine consumed in four doses of 800 mg. Finally, controlled release capsules have been developed allowing for the single dose consumption of 1600 mg without the presentation of paresthesia, allowing users to consume fewer daily doses of β-alanine. As a result, masters athletes wishing to experiment with β-alanine should aim to consume 6.4 g/day, which can be accomplished with eight doses of 800 mg of β-alanine, or with four doses of 1600 mg with controlled release β-alanine capsules.

Description

β-Alanine (or beta-alanine) is a naturally occurring beta amino acid, which is an amino acid in which the amino group is at the β- position from the carboxylate group (i.e., two atoms away. The IUPAC name for β-alanine is 3-amino propanoic acid. Unlike its counterpart α-alanine, β-alanine has no stereocenter. β-Alanine is not used in the biosynthesis of any major proteins or enzymes. It is formed in vivo by the degradation of dihydrouracil and carnosine. It is a component of the naturally occurring peptides carnosine and anserine and also of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), which itself is a component of coenzyme A. Under normal conditions, β-alanine is metabolized into acetic acid. β-Alanine is the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, which is to say carnosine levels are limited by the amount of available β-alanine. Supplementation with β-alanine has been shown to increase the concentration of carnosine in muscles, decrease fatigue in athletes and increase total muscular work done.Typically, studies have used supplementing strategies of multiple doses of 400 mg or 800 mg, administered at regular intervals for up to eight hours, over periods ranging from 4 to 10 weeks . After a 10 - week supplementing strategy, the reported increase in intramuscular carnosine content was an average of 80.1% (range 18 to 205%).

Chemical Properties

This is a secondary amino acid, which is formed in vivo by the degradation of dihydrouracil and carnosine. Because neuronal uptake and neuronal receptor sensitivity to β-alanine have been demonstrated, the compound may be a false transmitter replacing GABA. A rare genetic disorder, hyper-β-alaninemia, has been reported. It is used as a flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, nutrient supplement or adjuvant. β-Alanine has a slightly sweet taste.

Chemical Properties

White crystalline powder

Occurrence

Reported to occur as a component in amino acids; carnosine, anserine, pantothenic acid

Uses

Effective catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation. Beta Alanine is used as nutrition supplements in food production. Increase muscular strength & power output, Increases Muscle Mass, increase Anaerobic Endurance.

Uses

β-Alanine is a naturally occurring beta amino acid. β-Alanine is formed in vivo by the degradation of dihydrouracil (D449990) and carnosine. β-Alanine is also the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, as a result supplementation with β-alanine increases the concentration of carnosine in muscles.

Uses

β-Alanine has been used as a ligand for the orphan MAS-related receptor. It has also been used in culture media used for certain strains of yeast to test for β-alanine auxotrophy.

Definition

ChEBI: A naturally-occurring beta-amino acid comprising propionic acid with the amino group in the 3-position.

Preparation

By heating acrylic acid with concentrated aqueous ammonia under pressure, by addition of acrylonitrile to phthalimide or to ammonia; from β-aminopropionitrile, from succinimide by the Hofmann degradation.

General Description

An N-blocked form of alanine.

Flammability and Explosibility

Nonflammable

Biochem/physiol Actions

β-Alanine, a β?amino acid, is a component of pantothenic acid and the rate-limiting amino acid in the biosynthesis of the histidinyl antioxidant dipeptides carnosine and anserine. Endogenous β-amino acid that is a nonselective agonist at glycine receptors and a ligand for the G protein-coupled orphan receptor, TGR7 (MrgD). β-Alanine flux plays a cytoprotective role by supporting the osmotic stability of marine organisms, preimplantation mouse embryos and mammalian cells exposed to hypoxic stress.

Purification Methods

Crystallise β-alanine by dissolving it in a hot saturated aqueous solution, filtering, adding four volumes of absolute EtOH and cooling in an ice-bath. Recrystallise it in the same way and then finally, crystallise it from a warm saturated solution in 50% EtOH and adding four volumes of absolute EtOH with cooling in an ice-bath. The crystals are dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5. [Donovan & Kegeles J Am Chem Soc 83 255 1961, Beilstein 4 IV 2526.]

InChI:InChI=1/C3H7NO2/c4-2-1-3(5)6/h1-2,4H2,(H,5,6)

Synthetic route

calcium-N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-β-alaninate (137-08-6, 867-80-1, 6381-62-0, 6381-63-1, 15773-29-2, 64789-49-7, 122484-60-0, 131346-21-9) → pantolactone (79-50-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In water at 80℃; for 1.75h; Rate constant;	A 100% B 100%

pantothenic acid sodium salt (75033-16-8) → pantolactone (79-50-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In water at 80℃; for 1.25h; Rate constant;	A 100% B 100%

3-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)propionic acid (3303-84-2) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With water at 170℃; for 0.05h; Microwave irradiation;	100%

2-cyanoethylamine (151-18-8) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 35℃; for 6h; Temperature; Enzymatic reaction;	98.4%
With water; sodium hydroxide at 100 - 110℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 0.025h; Concentration; Pressure; Temperature; Flow reactor;	98%
Stage #1: 2-cyanoethylamine With hydrogenchloride In water Stage #2: In water at 40℃; for 8h; pH=7; Enzymatic reaction; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water at 40℃; for 8h; pH=6; Kinetics; Enzymatic reaction;	90%

3-nitropropionic acid (504-88-1) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonium formate; palladium on activated charcoal In methanol for 0.333333h; Ambient temperature;	98%
With hydrogen at 100℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 12h; Sealed tube; Autoclave;	87%

methyl 2-cyanoacetate (105-34-0) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: methyl 2-cyanoacetate With hydrogen In ethanol at 100℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 5h; Autoclave; Stage #2: With water In ethanol	94%
With sulfuric acid; acetic acid; platinum Hydrogenation.unter Druck und Hydrolyse der Reaktionsprodukts;
With hydrogenchloride; palladium Hydrogenation.Hydrolyse des Reaktionsprodukts;

ethyl 2-cyanoacetate (105-56-6) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: ethyl 2-cyanoacetate With hydrogen In ethanol at 80℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 10h; Autoclave; Stage #2: With water In ethanol	92%
With hydrogenchloride; palladium Hydrogenation.Hydrolyse des Reaktionsprodukts;
With ethanol; nickel Hydrogenation.Hydrolyse des Reaktionsprodukts;

N-Diphenylmethylene-β-alanine benzyl ester (125506-43-6) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal In methanol under 760 Torr; for 14h; Ambient temperature;	90%

N-benzylisoxazolidin-5-one (95503-55-2) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen In 1,4-dioxane; water at 60℃; for 16h;	85%

2-butenedioic acid (6915-18-0) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With aspartate-α-decarboxylase; 3-methylaspartate ammonia lyase; ammonium chloride; magnesium chloride In aq. buffer at 25℃; for 24h; pH=8; Enzymatic reaction;	85%

Carnosine (305-84-0) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + [Co(1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane)(histidine)](ClO4)2*2H2O

Conditions	Yield
With lithium hydroxide; [cis-β-Co(1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane)Cl2]Cl In water at 20 - 45℃; for 2.25h; pH=7.7 - 8;	A 84% B n/a

(2E)-but-2-enedioic acid (110-17-8) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With L-aspartase from E.coli; L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum; ammonia at 37℃; for 12h; pH=7; Reagent/catalyst; Enzymatic reaction;	82%

(+)-β-methyl-L-aspartate hydrochloride (16856-13-6) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
In various solvent(s) from 160 up to 180 deg C over 90 min;	62%

formic acid (64-18-6) + 1-amino-2-propene (107-11-9) → propylamine (107-10-8) + DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid (10569-72-9) + glycine (56-40-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + 4-amino-n-butyric acid (56-12-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; oxygen In water for 3h; Product distribution; various unsaturated amines; investigation of the direct carboxylation of C=C bond, the effect of formic acid concentration as well as the flame composition on product(s); radical mechanism is proposed;	A n/a B 38% C n/a D n/a E 5%

formic acid (64-18-6) + 1-amino-2-propene (107-11-9) → DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid (10569-72-9) + glycine (56-40-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + 4-amino-n-butyric acid (56-12-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; oxygen In water for 3h; Further byproducts given;	A 38% B n/a C n/a D 5%

acrylic acid ammonium salt → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With adamantane; ammonium chloride In solid high-pressure extrusion (15-30 kbar);	10%
at -173.1℃; under 75006 Torr;	3.5 % Chromat.

propylamine (107-10-8) + formic acid (64-18-6) → DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid (10569-72-9) + glycine (56-40-6) + 2-aminobutanoic acid (2835-81-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + 4-amino-n-butyric acid (56-12-2)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 10 - 20℃; for 1h; Product distribution; contact glow discharge electrolysis; variation of pH, effect of time;	A 9.8% B 0.2% C 0.9% D 3.4% E 8.1%

propylamine (107-10-8) + formic acid (64-18-6) → DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid (10569-72-9) + 2-aminobutanoic acid (2835-81-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + 4-amino-n-butyric acid (56-12-2)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 10 - 20℃; for 1h; contact glow discharge electrolysis (500-600 V, 45 mA); Further byproducts given;	A 9.8% B 0.9% C 3.4% D 8.1%

(2S,3'S,5'R,6'R)-6'-(3-Carboxy-propyl)-[2,3']bipiperidinyl-5'-carboxylic acid (117614-90-1) → pipecolinic acid (3105-95-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) + 4-amino-n-butyric acid (56-12-2)

Conditions	Yield
With chromium(VI) oxide In sulfuric acid at 100℃; for 6h;	A 9% B n/a C n/a

formic acid (64-18-6) + ethylamine (75-04-7) → serin (302-84-1) + glycine (56-40-6) + rac-Ala-OH (302-72-7) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 10 - 20℃; for 1h; contact glow discharge electrolysis (500-600 V, 45 mA);	A 0.1% B 0.1% C 1.5% D 3.1%

sodium formate (141-53-7) + ethylamine (75-04-7) → serin (302-84-1) + glycine (56-40-6) + rac-Ala-OH (302-72-7) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
In water at 10 - 20℃; for 1h; contact glow discharge electrolysis (500-600 V, 45 mA);	A 1% B 0.3% C 3.1% D 0.6%

piperidine (110-89-4) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With chromium(III) oxide; sulfuric acid

3-Bromopropionic acid (590-92-1) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia; water at 20℃;
With ammonia; water at 70℃;

3-Bromopropionic acid (590-92-1) → di(2-carboxyethyl)amine (505-47-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia; water

Succinimide (123-56-8) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With alkaline NaOCl at 60 - 70℃;
With potassium hydroxide; bromine at 50 - 60℃;
With potassium hydroxide; bromine at 55 - 60℃;

3-phthalimidopropionitrile (3589-45-5) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride
With sulfuric acid

4-thiaheptane-1,7-dioic acid (111-17-1) → 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonia; water; diphenylamine at 200℃;
With ammonia; water; diphenylamine at 200℃;

phthalic anhydride (85-44-9) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-phthalimidopropanoic acid (3339-73-9)

Conditions	Yield
at 170℃; for 6h;	100%
at 185 - 200℃; for 0.25h;	98.4%
With triethylamine In toluene for 2h; Reagent/catalyst; Reflux;	97.7%

acetic anhydride (108-24-7) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-acetyl-β-alanine (3025-95-4)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol at 60℃; for 6h;	100%
In methanol for 6h; Reflux;	100%
In chloroform at 60℃; for 5h; Concentration; Solvent; Temperature;	95.4%

methanol (67-56-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → methyl 3-aminopropanoate hydrochloride (3196-73-4)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: methanol With thionyl chloride for 1h; Cooling with ice; Stage #2: 3-amino propanoic acid at 20 - 66℃; for 6.5h;	100%
With thionyl chloride for 3h; Reflux;	100%
With thionyl chloride at 0 - 20℃;	99%

ethanol (64-17-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-amino-propionic acid ethyl ester (924-73-2)

Conditions	Yield
With thionyl chloride at 20 - 50℃;	100%
With hydrogenchloride
With thionyl chloride

methanol (67-56-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → methyl 3-aminopropanoate (4138-35-6)

Conditions	Yield
With thionyl chloride at 0 - 20℃; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux;	100%
With thionyl chloride Heating / reflux;	79.08%
With hydrogenchloride

thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (98-03-3) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-(N-thiophene-2-aldimino)propanoic acid (101153-25-7)

Conditions	Yield
piperidine In ethanol for 2h; Heating;	100%

2-Acetylpyrrole (1072-83-9) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → (pyrrole-2-acetylidene-amino)propionoc acid (131526-01-7)

Conditions	Yield
With piperidine In ethanol Heating;	100%

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24424-99-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)propionic acid (3303-84-2)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water; tert-butyl alcohol at 20℃;	100%
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0℃;	100%
With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 16h;	100%

4-nitrobenzyl chloride (100-14-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-4-nitrobenzyl-β-alanine (294201-15-3)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 20h;	100%

Allyl chloroformate (2937-50-0) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-(allyloxycarbonyl)-3-aminopropionic acid (111695-91-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 1h; Acylation;	100%
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 48h;	97%
With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane at 0 - 20℃; for 3h;	52%
With sodium hydroxide In water at 5℃;	46%
Stage #1: 3-amino propanoic acid With sodium carbonate In water Stage #2: Allyl chloroformate In water at 0 - 20℃; for 32h; pH=> 9; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water at 0℃; pH=1 - 2;

2,3-Bis(2-methylbenzothiophen-3-yl)maleic anhydride (122641-57-0) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3,4-bis(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)-1-(propanoic acid-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (1034806-12-6)

Conditions	Yield
at 150℃; for 1h;	100%

N-(allyloxycarbonyloxy)succinimide (135544-68-2) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-(allyloxycarbonyl)-3-aminopropionic acid (111695-91-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water pH=10; Cooling with ice;	100%

tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydroxide (2052-49-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → β-alanine tetrabutylammonium salt (104761-05-9)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; water at 0 - 20℃; for 15h;	100%
In methanol; water at 22℃; for 15h;	80%

3-carboxybenzoyl chloride (32276-56-5) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → isophthaloylbis-β-alanine (125038-74-6)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water; toluene at 10℃;	100%

chloroacetic acid (79-11-8) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-β-alanine trilithium salt

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 3-amino propanoic acid With lithium hydroxide In water at 55℃; for 1.08333h; pH=9 - 9.5; Stage #2: chloroacetic acid In water at 45 - 50℃; for 4.5h; Stage #3: With potassium iodide In water at 92℃; for 8.5h; Reagent/catalyst;	99.9%

phthalic anhydride (85-44-9) + undecyl alcohol (112-42-5) + tin (II) oxalate (113170-57-3) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → undecyl 3-phthalimidoproprionate

Conditions	Yield
	99.6%

benzyl chloroformate (501-53-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)propanoic acid (2304-94-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 20℃;	99%
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃;	96%
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃;	92%

formic acid (64-18-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-formylaminopropionic acid (14565-43-6)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: formic acid; 3-amino propanoic acid at 20 - 55℃; Stage #2: With acetic anhydride at 20 - 55℃; for 2h; Stage #3: With water Heating; Reduced pressure;	99%
Stage #1: formic acid With acetic anhydride at 45℃; for 1h; Stage #2: 3-amino propanoic acid at 20℃; for 24h;	93%
With acetic anhydride at 50℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere;	90%

acryloyl chloride (814-68-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-Acryloyl-beta-alanine (16753-07-4)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In methanol 1) 0 deg C, 1 h, 2) r.t., 4 h;	99%
In acetonitrile at 35 - 40℃; for 6h;	87%
With sodium hydroxide In water for 1h; Cooling with ice;	68.8%

3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → pamidronate (40391-99-9)

Conditions	Yield
With methanesulfonic acid; phosphorous acid; phosphorus trichloride at 65 - 70℃; Inert atmosphere;	99%
Stage #1: 3-amino propanoic acid With phosphorus trichloride In methanesulfonic acid at 80 - 85℃; Stage #2: With water In methanesulfonic acid at 105℃; for 4h;	85%
With phosphonic Acid; phosphorus trichloride In chlorobenzene at 100℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere;	82%

acetic anhydride (108-24-7) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-acetyl β-alanyl anhydride (88718-90-5)

Conditions	Yield
Heating;	99%

trifluoroacetic anhydride (407-25-0) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetamido)propanoic acid (50632-82-1)

Conditions	Yield
In tetrahydrofuran from -5 deg C up to r.t. over 1 h.;	99%

N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide (82911-69-1) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → N-Fmoc-β-alanine (35737-10-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water; acetonitrile at 20℃;	99%
With triethylamine In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; for 0.5h;	95%
With triethylamine In water for 0.5h;	95%

allyl alcohol (107-18-6) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → β-alanine allyl ester hydrochloride

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride at 25℃; for 1h;	99%
With hydrogenchloride	99%

3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → 3-aminopropionyl chloride (5722-81-6)

Conditions	Yield
With thionyl chloride In dichloromethane for 1h; Heating;	99%

p-chlorophenyl isoselenocyanate (14223-48-4) + 3-amino propanoic acid (107-95-9) → C10H11ClN2O2Se (1310370-52-5)

Conditions	Yield
In 1,4-dioxane at 100℃; for 15h;	99%

Upstream product

• 60177-39-1 AMBERLITE(R) IRA-400 (CL) 
• 122-39-4 Diphenylamine 
• 151-18-8 3-Aminopropionitrile 
• 123-56-8 Succinimide 

Downstream Products

• 27328-68-3 5-CHLORO-1H-INDAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID 
• 125971-96-2 2-[2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl]-4-methyl-3-oxo-N-phenylpentanamide 
• 83129-89-9 ethyl 3-(chlorosulfanyl-propan-2-yl-amino)propanoate 
• 36321-40-1 calcium di-beta-alaninate 
• 79099-07-3 N-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidone 
• 58620-93-2 H-BETA-ALA-OTBU HCL 
• 137-08-6 D-(+)-Pantothenic acid calcium salt 
• 7423-55-4 3-Maleimidopropionic acid 
• 40391-99-9 Pamidronic acid 
• 16217-22-4 3-ISOPROPYLAMINO-PROPIONIC ACID ETHYL ESTER X HCL >98% 
• 5534-95-2 PENTAGASTRIN 
• 61968-29-4 Disperse Blue 148 
• 63409-48-3 PANTOTHENIC ACID CALCIUM SALT MONOHYDRATE 
• 82560-54-1 8-Oxa-3-thia-2,4-diazadecanoicacid, 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-7-oxo-,2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester 

Recommend Products

• 4138-35-6  methyl 3-aminopropanoate 
• 186581-53-3  diazomethane 
• 110-89-4  piperidine 
• 590-92-1  3-Bromopropionic acid 
• 505-47-5  di(2-carboxyethyl)amine 
• 5249-21-8  2-<2-Carboxy-ethyl-imino>-hexahydro-azepin 
• 2525-16-8  O-methylcaprolactim 
• 123-56-8  Succinimide 
• 5724-76-5  3-succinimidopropionic acid 
• 108-30-5  succinic acid anhydride 
• 79-83-4  3-[N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)amino]propionic acid 
• 79-50-5  pantolactone 
• 111-17-1  4-thiaheptane-1,7-dioic acid 
• 57-57-8  β-Propiolactone 

Related news

Original articleImproving physical activity tolerance in sedentary overweight women under beta-Alanine (cas 107-95-9) supplementationAmélioration de la tolérance à l’activité physique chez des femmes sédentaires en surpoids, supplémentéees en bêta-alanine08/19/2019

SummaryObjectivesToday, obesity and inactivity are important health problems in the world and the effective treatments are needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on time to exhaustion and one repetition maximum (1RM) in overweight seden...detailed