535-17-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Catalytic acetoxylation of lactic acid to 2-acetoxypropionic acid, en route to acrylic acid
Beerthuis, Rolf,Granollers, Marta,Brown, D. Robert,Salavagione, Horacio J.,Rothenberg, Gadi,Shiju, N. Raveendran
, p. 4103 - 4108 (2015)
We present an alternative synthetic route to acrylic acid, starting from the platform chemical lactic acid and using heterogeneous catalysis. To improve selectivity, we designed an indirect dehydration reaction that proceeds via acetoxylation of lactic acid to 2-acetoxypropionic acid. This intermediate can then be pyrolized to acrylic acid. Acetic acid is used both as a reagent and a solvent in the first step, and may be recovered in the subsequent pyrolysis step. We tested a range of solid acid catalysts for the acetoxylation step (Y zeolites, sulfated zirconia, ion-exchange resins, sulfonated graphene, and various sulfonated silica gels and mixed oxides). Recycling studies were carried out for the most active catalysts. To enable quantitative analysis using gas chromatography we also developed a reliable silylation derivatization method, which is also reported. These results open opportunities for improving the biorenewable production of acrylic acid.
Ni-Catalyzed C(sp3)–O Arylation of α-Hydroxy Esters
Monteith, John J.,Rousseaux, Sophie A. L.
supporting information, p. 9485 - 9489 (2021/12/09)
A Negishi cross-coupling of α-hydroxy ester derivatives and arylzinc reagents has been developed. This reaction tolerates both primary and secondary C(sp3)–O alcohol precursors and achieves efficient cross-coupling under Ni catalysis without the need for added external metal reductant, photocatalyst, or additives. The arylation of readily accessible C(sp3)–O electrophiles in this operationally simple, rapid, and mild reaction provides a complementary way of accessing desirable α-aryl ester products.
Highly selective production of propionic acid from lactic acid catalyzed by NaI
Feng, Huan,Li, Teng,Liu, Shengqin,Rong, Nianxin,Wang, Yantao,Yang, Weiran
, p. 7468 - 7475 (2020/11/23)
Propionic acid (PA), a valuable chemical widely used in the food and feed industry, is currently produced by the petrochemical industry. Selective production of PA from bio-based lactic acid (LA) is difficult due to the high activation energy of the hydroxyl group at the α position of the carboxyl group. Herein, a metal-free catalytic system for the highly selective transformation of bio-based LA to PA, which was used as the solvent to simplify the separation step, is reported using NaI as the catalyst. Under the optimal reaction conditions, a >99% yield of PA can be obtained from LA. A heat-induced radical-activated hydrogen mechanism was proposed based on the kinetic study and intermediate capture. The metal-free system can be reused five times without any loss in activity, and the PA product is easily separated. In addition, a two-step method using cellulose as the raw material to produce PA was conducted. This strategy offers a green and efficient approach to synthesize PA from biomass resources. This journal is
Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and molecular docking of novel R-/S-2-(2-hydroxypropanamido)-5-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid as dual anti-inflammatory anti-platelet aggregation agents
Rong, Rong,Zhang, Rui-zhen,Wang, Xin,Dan, Yu-han,Zhao, Yun-li,Yu, Zhi-guo
, p. 967 - 978 (2019/12/12)
R-/S-2-(2-hydroxypropanamido) benzoic acid (R-/S-HPABA), marine-derived anti-inflammatory antiplatelet drugs, were initially synthesised in our group. However, preliminary research showed that R-/S-HPABA were eliminated rapidly because of extensive hydroxylation metabolism of phenyl ring in vivo. In order to reduce significant hydroxylation metabolism to improve pharmacological activity and bioavailability, trifluoromethyl group was incorporated into R-/S-HPABA to synthesise R-/S-2-(2-hydroxypropanamido)-5-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid (R-/S-HFBA), respectively. The purposes of this study were to report the synthesis of R-/S-HFBA and compare the anti-inflammatory antiplatelet effect and pharmacokinetic properties of R-/S-HFBA with those of R-/S-HPABA. Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay was used for the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity. R-/S-HFBA showed better results in inhibiting edema and were able to prolong the anti-inflammatory effect after carrageenan injection. The antiplatelet aggregation activity of R-/S-HFBA and R-/S-HPABA was studied on arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation of rabbit platelet-rich plasma. The aggregation inhibition rate of R-/S-HFBA was significantly (p max, larger AUC0-∞, and longer t1/2, which, as expected, are more metabolically stable.
NOVEL STING AGONISTS
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Paragraph 0756; 0761; 0763, (2020/05/14)
The present invention provides compounds of Formula I′: wherein , W, X, Y, Z, Z1, Z2, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined herein, or a stereoisomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug ester or solvate form thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are effective at modulating the STING protein and thus can be used as medicaments for treating or preventing disorders affected by the agonism of STING.
AMINOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL PHOSPHATE KINASE INHIBITORS
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Paragraph 0616, (2019/07/13)
The invention relates to inhibitors of PI5P4K inhibitors useful in the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory disorders, and metabolic diseases, having the Formula: (I) where A, B, R1, X1, X2, and W are described herein.
CHROMENOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL PHOSPHATE KINASE INHIBITORS
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Paragraph 0364, (2019/07/13)
The invention relates to inhibitors of PI5P4K inhibitors useful in the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory disorders, and metabolic diseases, having the Formula (I); where A1, A2, G, R1, R2, R3, R4, and W are described herein.
Industrial preparation method of aclatonium napadisilate
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Paragraph 0031-0044; 0047-0050, (2019/11/13)
The invention discloses an industrial preparation method of aclatonium napadisilate. The industrial preparation method comprises the following steps that lactic acid reacts with acetic anhydride, chloroformate and N,N-dimethylethanolamine in sequence to obtain acetyllactylcholine, acetyllactylcholine is added with acid to be prepared into a salt and then separated, and a product reacts with 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid dimethyl ester to obtain aclatonium napadisilate. The industrial preparation method has the advantages that aclatonium napadisilate is prepared by a ''mixed acid anhydride strategy'', and the use of a volatile highly corrosive reagent can be avoided; water can be used as a solvent for preparation of an intermediate, and the amount of an organic solvent can be avoided or reduced; a ''one-pot method'' can be adopted to prepare the intermediate to reduce unit operation; the solvent can be directly added for crystallization in the post-processing process of the preparationof a finished product to improve the purity of the product; and the reaction scale can be enlarged to more than ten kilograms.
PREPARATION METHOD OF ACRYLIC ACID FROM LACTIDE BY USING ION EXCHANGE RESIN
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Paragraph 0050; 0067-0071, (2019/10/11)
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing acrylic acid from a dehydration reaction of lactide derived from biomass using two or more strongly acidic cation exchange resins, for example, a strong acid cation exchange resin having a particle
PREPARATION METHOD OF ACRYLIC ACID FROM LACTIDE BY USING ION EXCHANGE RESIN
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Paragraph 0051-0054, (2019/10/10)
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing acrylic acid by dehydration of lactide derived from a biomass using a strongly acidic cation exchange resin. An object of the present invention is to provide the method for manufacturing acrylic acid, which is a high moisture absorbent raw material, in an environmentally friendly manner at a high yield and a high selectivity by using the strongly acidic cation exchange resin.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2019
