6609-64-9

Basic information

• Product Name: 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide
• Synonyms: Ethylene cycl-chlorophosphate (2-chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane);Ethylene chlorophosphate, tech. 90%;2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane, Ethylene cycl-chlorophosphate;2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide, Ethylene cycl-chlorophosphate;1,3,2-Dioxaphospholane, 2-chloro-, 2-oxide;2-Chloro-1,3-dioxa-2-phosphacyclopentane 2-oxide;2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide,95%;Ethylene chl
• CAS NO: 6609-64-9
• Molecular Formula: C₂H₄ClO₃P
• Molecular Weight: 142.48
• EINECS: 229-560-6
• Product Categories: Biochemistry;Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Related Reagents;Phosphorylating and Phosphorothioating Agents;Phosphorylation;Protecting Agents, Phosphorylating Agents & Condensing Agents;Synthetic Organic Chemistry
• Mol File: 6609-64-9.mol
• Article Data: 23

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 12-14 °C
• Boiling Point: 89-91 °C0.8 mm Hg(lit.)
• Flash Point: >230 °F
• Appearance: White to off-white or clear/Solid or Film
• Density: 1.55 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• Vapor Pressure: 49.3mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.45(lit.)
• Storage Temp.: −20°C
• Water Solubility: Miscible with water and chloroform.
• Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
• BRN: 606582
• CAS DataBase Reference: 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide(6609-64-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide(6609-64-9)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: C
• Statements: 14-34
• Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-45-8-25-27
• RIDADR: UN 3265 8/PG 2
• WGK Germany: 3
• F: 10
• HazardClass: 8
• PackingGroup: II
• Hazardous Substances Data: 6609-64-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

clear colourless liquid

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 6609-64-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide is used in the synthesis of α-naphthylphosphorylcholine as a method to detect phospholipase C activity.
2. Ethylene chlorophosphate is used in the syntheses of 2-methacryloyoxyethylphophocholine, phosphatidylcholines, 2',3'-O-16-hentriacontanyliden-adenosine-5'-phosphocholine and hexadecylphosphocholine. It is also involved the synthesis of alpha-naphthylphosphorylcholine, which is used to detect phospholipase C activity. It is an important reactant for the synthesis of a zwitterionic silane, UV-polymerizable lipids utilizing Chabrier reaction and block copolymers of poly(aliphatic ester) clickable polyphosphoester.
3. 2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide may be used in the synthesis of: 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholinemiltefosine (hexadecylphosphocholine, MT) analogsphosphoric acid 2-trimethylamino-ethyl ester undec-10-enyl esteruridine nucleolipid, (2′,3′-O-16-hentriacontanyliden-uridine-5′-phosphocholine, PUPC)adenosine nucleoamphiphile, (2′,3′-O-16-hentriacontanyliden-adenosine-5′-phosphocholine, PAPC)structurally related phospholipids which are either conformationally restricted or flexiblephosphatidylcholines

General Description

2-Chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide (COP) is a cyclic chlorophosphate reagent that can be prepared from 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane by reacting with molecular oxygen.

Purification Methods

It should be distilled under high vacuum as some polymerisation occurs at -1atmospheric pressure. It has IR bands at 3012, 2933, 1477, 1366, 1325, 1040, 924 and 858 cm . It is hydrolysed to HOCH2CH2OPO3H2 in 30minutes in H2O at 100o [IR: Cox & Westheimer J Am Chem Soc 80 5441 1958]. [Beilstein 1 IV 2419.]

InChI:InChI=1/C2H4ClO3P/c3-7(4)5-1-2-6-7/h1-2H2

Synthetic route

ethylene glycol (107-21-1) → 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9)

Conditions	Yield
With trichlorophosphate In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 14h;	92%
Stage #1: ethylene glycol In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: With trichlorophosphate In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 14h;	92%
With potassium hydroxide; silica gel; trichlorophosphate 1.) reflux; 2.) rt., 3 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan (822-39-9) → 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen In benzene at 50℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;	86.3%
With oxygen In toluene at 20℃; for 24h; Solvent;	75.57%
With oxygen In toluene	59%

2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan (822-39-9) → poly(D,L-lactide-co-ethylene methyl phosphate) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9)

Conditions	Yield
	A n/a B 85%

4,8,14,18,23,26,28,31,32-nonamethoxy-35-hydroxypillar[5]arene (1315103-53-7) + 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan (822-39-9) → C46H51O12P + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9)

Conditions	Yield
In para-xylene at 100℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;

2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-3,6-dioxa-2,7-disilaoctane (7381-30-8) → 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9)

Conditions	Yield
With trichlorophosphate In water; toluene at 60 - 80℃; for 10h; Solvent; Temperature;	111.2 g

1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol (96960-92-8) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(1-hexadecyl-2-methyl-sn-glycerol)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (111248-00-1)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene for 2h; Ambient temperature;	100%
With triethylamine In benzene
With triethylamine In benzene for 2h; Ambient temperature;

2-heptadecyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxazoline (81206-32-8) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → (R)-2-Heptadecyl-4-(2-oxo-2λ5-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yloxymethyl)-4,5-dihydro-oxazole (81206-33-9)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene for 2h; Ambient temperature;	100%

1-Octadecyl-2-acetamido-sn-glycerol (82936-52-5) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(1-Octadecyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-sn-glycero)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (82936-53-6)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene	100%
dmap; triethylamine In benzene

2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (818-61-1) → acrylic acid 2-(2-oxo-2Ι5-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yloxy)-ethyl ester (150205-71-3)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -30 - 40℃;	100%
Stage #1: 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -20℃; for 0.25h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane In tetrahydrofuran at -20℃; Inert atmosphere;	70%
With triethylamine In acetonitrile at -20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;

2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether (764-48-7) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-ethylene glycol vinyl ether-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -20 - 20℃; for 2h;	100%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 4℃; for 12h;	76%

2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + (R,S)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol (100-79-8) → 2-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethoxy)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (59414-92-5)

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine In tetrahydrofuran at -20 - -4℃; Inert atmosphere;	100%

2-methyl-2-propenoic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester (868-77-9) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + trimethylamine (75-50-3) → C8H13O6P*C3H9N*ClH

Conditions	Yield
In ethyl acetate at -5 - 25℃; for 1h;	99.5%

2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenol (2444-28-2) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,3,2λ5-dioxaphospholane

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene at 10 - 15℃; for 0.5h;	98%

2-hexadecylpropane-1,3-diol (91662-77-0) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 1,3-bis(2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-yloxy)-2-cetylpropane (225243-43-6)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran	98%

C21H16N2O9 (1011298-39-7) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C23H19N2O12P (1011298-40-0)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Cooling; Inert atmosphere;	97.7%

p-cresol (106-44-5) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C9H11O4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	96%

pentafluoroethyl alcohol (7057-80-9) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C4H4F5O4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	96%

rac-1,2-dipalmitoylglycerol (1042289-75-7) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → Hexadecanoic acid 1-hexadecanoyloxymethyl-2-(2-oxo-2λ5-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yloxy)-ethyl ester

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: rac-1,2-dipalmitoylglycerol With dmap; triethylamine In toluene for 0.416667h; Inert atmosphere; Cooling with ice; Stage #2: 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane In toluene at 20℃; for 2h; Time; Inert atmosphere;	95%
With triethylamine In benzene

methanol (67-56-1) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-methoxy-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane-2-oxide (2196-04-5)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	95%
With N,N,N,N,-tetramethylethylenediamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 5℃; for 2h; Substitution;	92%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; for 2h;	67%

ethanol (64-17-5) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → ethyl ethylene phosphate (823-31-4)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	95%
With trimethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -78 - 20℃; for 6h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;	76.4%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 5h;	70%

2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + Hexadecanoic acid (S)-1-hydroxymethyl-2-[12-(2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-dimethyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-dodecanoyloxy]-ethyl ester (250142-20-2) → Hexadecanoic acid (R)-1-(2-oxo-2λ5-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yloxymethyl)-2-[12-(2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-dimethyl-ethoxycarbonylamino)-dodecanoyloxy]-ethyl ester (250142-29-1)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene at 20℃; for 16h; Substitution;	95%

2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + 1-butyn-4-ol (927-74-2) → 2-(but-3-yn-1-yloxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide (1333071-56-9)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	95%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere;	93%
With trimethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -78 - 20℃; for 6h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;	84.9%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran

undecyl alcohol (112-42-5) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → undecanol-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane

Conditions	Yield
With water; triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran; toluene at 0 - 20℃; for 16h;	95%

benzonitrile (100-47-0) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C9H8NO4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	95%

2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenol (2787-79-3) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C9H4F7O4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	95%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanediol (400-32-8) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C9H15F3O8P2

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentanediol In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 8h;	95%

2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) + phenol (108-95-2) → 2-phenoxy-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide (16492-16-3)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 13.5h;	94%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0℃; Rate constant; Kinetics;
1-methyl-1H-imidazole In dichloromethane at 0℃; Rate constant; Kinetics; Mechanism;

C25H24N2O11 (1011298-30-8) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C27H27N2O14P (1011298-31-9)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Cooling; Inert atmosphere;	94%

homoalylic alcohol (627-27-0) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(but-3-en-1-yloxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide (119700-60-6)

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	94%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 5h;	65%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;

allyl alcohol (107-18-6) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane 2-oxide

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	94%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -20℃; for 6h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;	71%
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 5h;

3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (349-58-6) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C10H7F6O4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	94%

2-methyl-1.3-propanediol (2163-42-0) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C8H16O8P2

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2-methyl-1.3-propanediol In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	94%

2,4-dimethylpentane-2,4-diol (24892-49-7, 139687-48-2) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C11H22O8P2

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 2,4-dimethylpentane-2,4-diol In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	94%

1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol (24529-88-2) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → 2-(1',2'-dioleoyl-sn-glycero)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In benzene at 20℃; for 16h; Substitution;	93%
With dmap; triethylamine In toluene at 0 - 20℃; for 18h; Inert atmosphere;

2-fluorophenol (367-12-4) + 2-Chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (6609-64-9) → C8H8FO4P

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 12h;	93%

Upstream product

• 1315103-53-7 4,8,14,18,23,26,28,31,32-nonamethoxy-35-hydroxypillar[5]arene 
• 822-39-9 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan 
• 7381-30-8 2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-3,6-dioxa-2,7-disilaoctane 
• 107-21-1 ethylene glycol 

Downstream Products

• 6609-61-6 N-p-Tolyl-aethylenphosphoroamidat 
• 40278-05-5 (1-Methyl-2-phenyl-ethyl)-(2-oxo-2λ⁵-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yl)-amine 
• 39683-72-2 2-(2-Methoxy-phenoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 6587-25-3 N-Phenyl-aethylen-phosphoroamidat 
• 67154-55-6 2-(4-Allyl-2-methoxy-phenoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 39683-74-4 2-(1-p-Tolyl-ethoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 39683-68-6 2-(2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-cyclohexyloxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 53103-56-3 2-(1-Phenyl-propoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 39683-71-1 2-(2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-phenoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 67154-54-5 2-[4,5-Dimethyl-2-(1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)-phenoxy]-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 7671-08-1 mono-(2-hydroxyethyl) phenylphosphonate 
• 40278-04-4 (4-Ethoxy-phenyl)-(2-oxo-2λ⁵-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholan-2-yl)-amine 
• 53236-50-3 2-(2,4,5-Trichloro-phenoxy)-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 
• 16492-16-3 2-phenoxy-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane 2-oxide 

Relevant articles and documents

Self-assembled micelles from an amphiphilic hyperbranched copolymer with polyphosphate arms for drug delivery

A novel type of amphiphilic hyperbranched multiarm copolymer [H40-star-(PLA-b-PEP-OH)] was synthesized through a two-step ring-opening polymerization (ROP) procedure and applied to drug delivery. First, Boltorn H40 was used as macroinitiator for the ROP of l-lactide to form the intermediate (H40-star-PLA-OH). Then, the ROP of ethyl ethylene phosphate was further initiated to produce H40-star-(PLA-b-PEP-OH). The resulting hyperbranched multiarm copolymers were characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR, GPC, and FTIR spectra. Benefiting from the amphiphilic structure, H40-star-(PLA-b-PEP-OH) was able to self-assemble into micelles in water with an average diameter of 130 nm. In vitro evaluation of these micelles demonstrated their excellent biocompatibility and efficient cellular uptake by methyl tetrazolium assay, flow cytometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements. Doxorubicin-loaded micelles were investigated for the proliferation inhibition of a Hela human cervical carcinoma cell line, and the Doxorubicin dose required for 50% cellular growth inhibition was found to be 1 μg/mL. These results indicate that H40-star-(PLA-b-PEP-OH) micelles can be used as safe, promising drug-delivery systems.

Synthesis and ring-opening polymerization of glycidyl ethylene phosphate with a formation of linear and branched polyphosphates

Newly obtained cyclic monomer, glycidyl ethylene phosphate, readily forms branched or linear polymers via ring-opening polymerization catalyzed by 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene or by [(BHT)Mg(OBn)(THF)]2, respectively. The polymers obtained are promising for biomedical applications.

Breathing air as oxidant: Optimization of 2-chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane synthesis as a precursor for phosphoryl choline derivatives and cyclic phosphate monomers

Phosphoryl choline derivatives are important compounds for drug development. Also other phosphoesters have received increased demand in recent years. Many of such compounds rely 2-chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (COP) as an intermediate. COP is available in a two-step reaction from the cyclic adduct of phosphorus chloride and ethylene glycol after oxidation. Although commercially available, in-house synthesis of COP is often required due to pricing, purity, and delivery issues. Air is a convenient and economical oxidizing agent, yet not used for synthesis of COP. While slow consumption of the P(III)-precursor 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with molecular oxygen from a gas bottle, high amounts of unreacted oxygen are lavished and even may cause an explosion. Oxygen from air is a reasonable and safer alternative. Additionally, catalytic amounts of cobalt(II)chloride increase the reaction kinetics remarkably. The results presented allow a controlled and fast access to a variety of phosphoesters by optimized reaction conditions of COP and its derivatives.

Interaction between zwitterionic surfactants and amphiphilic drug: A tensiometric study

The physicochemical properties, viz, critical micelle concentration (cmc), surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum area per head group (Amin) of zwitterionic surfactants (designated as n(-)-2-m(+); n = 8, 10, 12 and m = 12, 14, 16) and their mixtures with amphiphilic antidepressant drug amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMT) were determined by using surface tension measurements. The cmc and ideal cmc (cmcid) values along with interaction parameters, βm and β α (calculated using Rubingh's and Rosen's models), suggest attractive interactions among the components. The Krafft temperature measurements also indicate strong attractive interactions. Γmax (or Amin) increases (or decreases) with the addition of gemini surfactant; the values being closer to that of the drug. These values and micellar mole fraction (Xm-calculated from Rubingh's model and X 1Moto-calculated from Motomura's model) indicate larger contribution of gemini surfactants in mixed micelles and smaller contribution at air/solution interface (as mole fraction values at interface, X σ1, are slightly smaller than X1m). The standard Gibbs energy of micellization (ΔG°mic) and adsorption (ΔG°ad) as well as excess energy of mixing (ΔGexm) are all negative. All these results suggest higher stability of the mixed systems. UV absorbance results also suggest that the mixed micelles are stable for several days. by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.

Preparation method of cyclic chlorinated phosphate

The present invention relates to a cyclic chlorinated phosphate preparation method, wherein phosphorus oxychloride and alkyl siloxane are subjected to a cyclization reaction in the presence of an aprotic solvent to prepare cyclic chlorinated phosphate, the structural formula of alkyl siloxane is shown in the specification, the structural formula of the cyclic chlorinated phosphate is shown in thespecification, and n is a number between 1 and 5. According to the invention, synthesis is a one-step reaction, the reaction avoids an oxidation reaction (the oxidation reaction is a high-risk process), and the method is high in reaction selectivity and yield, few in reaction steps and suitable for industrial production.

Preparation method 2 -chloro -2 - oxo -1, 3, 2 - dioxaphospholane (by machine translation)

The invention discloses 2 - chlorine -2 - oxo -1, and discloses a preparation method thereof. The method. 3, 2 -dioxaphospholane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in a solvent and a fluorine-containing solvent, 2 - chlorine -1, 3, 2 - dioxaphospholane and oxygen are subjected to an oxidation reaction as shown in the following manner. By introducing the fluorine-containing solvent into the reaction system 2 - chlorine -2 - oxo -1, 3, 2 - dioxolane, the reaction can be carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, operation is simple, and reaction time is shortened, and the reaction time is shortened. The reaction yield, the product purity is high, the product purity is high, the fluorine-containing solvent can be separated, the fluorine-containing solvent can be recycled, and the high yield, the solvent can be recycled after being used repeatedly . the method is a low-cost, green chemical reaction, and has the potential. (by machine translation)