7126-41-2Relevant articles and documents
Ketorolac impurity C and preparation method and application thereof
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Paragraph 0037-0039, (2021/06/06)
The invention discloses a ketorolac impurity C and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the method, the ketorolac impurity C is prepared by taking pyrrole as an initial raw material through a series of reactions such as substitution,
Enhancing activity and selectivity in a series of pyrrol-1-yl-1-hydroxypyrazole-based aldose reductase inhibitors: The case of trifluoroacetylation
Papastavrou, Nikolaos,Chatzopoulou, Maria,Ballekova, Jana,Cappiello, Mario,Moschini, Roberta,Balestri, Francesco,Patsilinakos, Alexandros,Ragno, Rino,Stefek, Milan,Nicolaou, Ioannis
, p. 328 - 335 (2017/03/09)
Aldose reductase (ALR2) has been the target of therapeutic intervention for over 40 years; first, for its role in long-term diabetic complications and more recently as a key mediator in inflammation and cancer. However, efforts to prepare small-molecule aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have mostly yielded carboxylic acids with rather poor pharmacokinetics. To address this limitation, the 1-hydroxypyrazole moiety has been previously established as a bioisostere of acetic acid in a group of aroyl-substituted pyrrolyl derivatives. In the present work, optimization of this new class of ARIs was achieved by the addition of a trifluoroacetyl group on the pyrrole ring. Eight novel compounds were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity towards ALR2 and selectivity against aldehyde reductase (ALR1). All compounds proved potent and selective inhibitors of ALR2 (IC50/ALR2?=?0.043?0.242?μΜ, Selectivity index?=?190?858), whilst retaining a favorable physicochemical profile. The most active (4g) and selective (4d) compounds were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit sorbitol formation in rat lenses ex?vivo and to exhibit substrate-specific inhibition.
Hexafluoro-2-propanol-Promoted Intermolecular Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reaction
Vekariya, Rakesh H.,Aubé, Jeffrey
supporting information, p. 3534 - 3537 (2016/08/16)
The intermolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation was carried out in hexafluoro-2-propanol to yield aryl and heteroaryl ketones at room temperature without any additional reagents.
An efficient and green method for regio- and chemo-selective Friedel-Crafts acylations using a deep eutectic solvent ([CholineCl][ZnCl2]3)
Tran, Phuong Hoang,Nguyen, Hai Truong,Hansen, Poul Erik,Le, Thach Ngoc
, p. 37031 - 37038 (2016/05/24)
[CholineCl][ZnCl2]3, a deep eutectic solvent between choline chloride and ZnCl2, has been used as a dual function catalyst and green solvent for the Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatic compounds instead of using the moisture-sensitive Lewis acids and volatile organic solvents. The reactions are performed with high yields under microwave irradiation with short reaction times for the synthesis of ketones. Interestingly, indole derivatives are regioselectively acylated in the 3-position under mild conditions with high yields without NH protection. Three new ketone products are synthesized. [CholineCl][ZnCl2]3 is easily synthesized from choline chloride and zinc chloride at a low cost, with easy purification and environmentally benign compounds. [CholineCl][ZnCl2]3 can be reused up to five times without loss of catalytic activity, making it ideal in industrial processes.
Antimalarial activity of natural and synthetic prodiginines
Papireddy, Kancharla,Smilkstein, Martin,Kelly, Jane Xu,Shweta,Salem, Shaimaa M.,Alhamadsheh, Mamoun,Haynes, Stuart W.,Challis, Gregory L.,Reynolds, Kevin A.
experimental part, p. 5296 - 5306 (2011/10/02)
Prodiginines are a family of linear and cyclic oligopyrrole red-pigmented compounds. Herein we describe the in vitro antimalarial activity of four natural (IC50 = 1.7-8.0 nM) and three sets of synthetic prodiginines against Plasmodium falciparum. Set 1 compounds replaced the terminal nonalkylated pyrrole ring of natural prodiginines and had diminished activity (IC 50 > 2920 nM). Set 2 and set 3 prodiginines were monosubstituted or disubstituted at either the 3 or 5 position of the right-hand terminal pyrrole, respectively. Potent in vitro activity (IC50 = 0.9-16.0 nM) was observed using alkyl or aryl substituents. Metacycloprodiginine and more potent synthetic analogues were evaluated in a P. yoelii murine patent infection using oral administration. Each analogue reduced parasitemia by more than 90% after 25 (mg/kg)/day dosing and in some cases provided a cure. The most favorable profile was 92% parasite reduction at 5 (mg/kg)/day, and 100% reduction at 25 (mg/kg)/day without any evident weight loses or clinical overt toxicity.
A facile, highly efficient synthesis of fully N-confused calix[5]pyrrole
Chen, Qingqi,Wang, Tianyu,Zhang, Yi,Wang, Qiuan,Ma, Jinshi
, p. 1041 - 1049 (2007/10/03)
Fully N-confused calix[5]pyrroles 3 are prepared in high yield by the oligomerization of 3-hydroxyphenylmethylpyrrole 2 under acid-catalysed conditions at room temperature.
Diethoxymethyl protected pyrroles: Synthesis and regioselective transformations
Bergauer,Gmeiner
, p. 2281 - 2288 (2007/10/03)
Treatment of the acceptor-substituted pyrroles 1a-k with neat triethyl orthoformate gives access to the diethoxymethyl (DEM) protected derivatives 2a-k in high yield. Convenient and mild cleavage was achieved by subsequent treatment of the DEM-pyrroles 2a-k with trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile and aqueous NaOH at room temperature. DEM protection proved suitable for a variety of regioselective transformations involving directed orthometalation and iodine-magnesium exchange processes. Furthermore, electrophilic halogenations and Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions were also carried out.
The regioselective photoinduced aroylation at the 3-position of pyrrole derivatives
Oda, Kazuaki,Hiratsuka, Rin,Machida, Minoru
, p. 463 - 470 (2007/10/03)
Irradiation of arenecarbothioamide with pyrrole or indole derivatives gave regioselectively 3-aroylpyrrole or -indole derivatives, respectively.
Antifungal agents. VIII. Synthesis and antifungal activities of bipyrryl analogues of bifonazole
Di Santo,Massa,Costi,Simonetti,Retico,Apuzzo,Troccoli
, p. 229 - 236 (2007/10/02)
Various bipyrryl analogues of bifonazole were synthesized starting from aryl-3-pyrryl-1-imidazolylmethanes. The introduction of a second pyrryl portion was performed by linking an acrylate moiety at 1-position of the pyrrole ring and then by treatment with TosMIC. The bipyrryl esters were hydrolyzed and decarboxylated to afford the required imidazoles. All new imidazole derivatives were tested against Candida albicans and Candida spp using as standard controls miconazole, bifonazole and ketoconazole.