7790-21-8

Basic information

• Product Name: Potassium periodate
• Synonyms: Periodicacid (HIO₄), potassium salt (8Cl,9Cl);Potassium periodate (KIO₄) (6Cl);Potassium iodate (KIO₄);Potassium metaperiodate
• CAS NO: 7790-21-8
• Molecular Formula: IO₄*K
• Molecular Weight: 230.00037
• EINECS: 232-196-0
• Mol File: 7790-21-8.mol
• Article Data: 1

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 582℃
• Appearance: White powder
• Density: 3.618 g/cm³
• Water Solubility: 0.42 g/100 mL (20℃)
• CAS DataBase Reference: Potassium periodate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Potassium periodate(7790-21-8)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Potassium periodate(7790-21-8)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: O:Oxidizing agent
• Statements: R36/37/38:; R8:
• Safety Statements: S17:; S26:; S37/39:
• Hazardous Substances Data: 7790-21-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

General Description

Potassium periodate is a chemical compound with the formula KIO4. It is a white crystalline solid that is commonly used as an oxidizing agent in various chemical reactions and processes. Potassium periodate is highly soluble in water and has a high melting point, making it a useful compound in laboratory settings as well as industrial applications. It is also used in the synthesis of organic compounds and in the preparation of potassium iodate. Potassium periodate is considered to be relatively stable and non-toxic, and it is not known to have any significant harmful effects on human health or the environment when used properly and in accordance with safety guidelines.

InChI:InChI=1/HIO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1

Synthetic route

potassium iodate (7758-05-6) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In not given equiv. amt. of KOH is 4-5, Cl2 intoduction between mixing,cooling, lightly acidify with H2SO4; washing, drying;	95%
With KOH In not given equiv. amt. of KOH is 4-5, Cl2 intoduction between mixing,cooling, lightly acidify with H2SO4; washing, drying;	95%
With fluorine In water strongly alkaline solution, about 2n with KOH; after taking samples for analysis, some concd. KOH soln. is added again;;	48.5%

oxygen (80937-33-3) + potassium iodide (7681-11-0) + potassium hydroxide → potassium iodate (7758-05-6) + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
In water dissolving 80g KI and 40g KOH in 500ml H2O; 24h at 250°C with O2 pressure of 90 - 100 atm;; product mixture;;	A 82.3% B 25.4%
In water dissolving 80g KI and 40g KOH in 500ml H2O; 36h at 250°C with O2 pressure of 90 - 100 atm;; product mixture;;	A 82.5% B 24.5%
In water dissolving 80g KI and 40g KOH in 500ml H2O; 24h at 250°C with O2 pressure of 90 - 100 atm;; product mixture;;	A 82.3% B 25.4%

potassium iodate (7758-05-6) + fluorine (7782-41-4) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
In not given KIO4 decompd. with the formed H2O2, in concd. KOH soln.;	48.5%
In not given KIO4 decompd. with the formed H2O2, in concd. KOH soln.;	48.5%

potassium carbonate (584-08-7) + periodic acid (10450-60-9) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
In not given repeated recrystn. (H2O);

iodate (15454-31-6) + ozone (10028-15-6) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
In water passing O3 into alkaline solution; 5-10% KOH-soln. containing 10% saturated KIO3-soln.; at first no pptn., since a soluble basic periodate forms intermediately;; pptn. of KIO4 on addn. of acetic acid;;
In water passing O3 into alkaline solution; 5-10% KOH-soln. containing 10% saturated KIO3-soln.; at first no pptn., since a soluble basic periodate forms intermediately;; pptn. of KIO4 on addn. of acetic acid;;

potassium iodide (7681-11-0) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
With ozone In water other products formed too;
With O3 In water other products formed too;

potassium iodide (7681-11-0) → potassium iodate (7758-05-6) + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
With oxygen High Pressure; with satd. soln. of KI, at higher temp., under higher pressure;
With O2 High Pressure; with satd. soln. of KI, at higher temp., under higher pressure;

oxygen (80937-33-3) + potassium iodide (7681-11-0) → potassium iodate (7758-05-6) + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In water at 250°C at 90-100 atm. O2-pressure; in strongly alkaline KOH soln.;;
With KOH In water at 250°C at 90-100 atm. O2-pressure; in strongly alkaline KOH soln.;;

iodate (15454-31-6) → potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8)

Conditions	Yield
With alkali hydroxide In water Electrolysis; with clay diaphragm; Pt electrodes; clay cell filled with alkali hydroxide soln., outside alkaline IO3(1-) soln.; low temp., low current density, at least 4% alkali soln.;; pptn. at neutralization;;
With alkali hydroxide In water Electrolysis; with clay diaphragm; Pt electrodes; clay cell filled with alkali hydroxide soln., outside alkaline IO3(1-) soln.; low temp., low current density, at least 4% alkali soln.;; pptn. at neutralization;;

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + bis(diphenyl)urea (102-07-8) → N-carboethoxyaniline (101-99-5)

Conditions	Yield
	96%

ruthenium(IV) + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) → ruthenium tetroxide (20427-56-9)

Conditions	Yield
In sodium hydroxide oxidn. of Ru(IV)-nitrate in 1.0m NaOH soln. by KIO4 at 24°C;; extraction of RuO4 with CCl4;;	95.2%

6-allyl-8-methylumbelliferone (4046-75-7) + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + Aqueous OsO4 + dichloromethane (75-09-2) → methyl-8 psoralene (15912-88-6) + 4',5'-dihydro-5'-hydroxy-8-methylpsoralen (82678-22-6)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol	A 81% B 94%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + Ni(C6H5CH2NC4H7C(O)NC6H4C(C6H5)NCH(CH2CH2SCH3)CO2) → Ni(C6H5CH2NC4H7C(O)NC6H4C(C6H5)NCH(CH2CH2S(O)CH3)CO2)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; water addn. of soln. of KIO4 in H2O to soln. of Ni-compd. in MeOH, stirring (2 h, 50-52°C); filtration, evapn., chromy. (SiO2, CHCl3-acetone 3:1); elem. anal.;	94%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + water (7732-18-5) + vanadia + uranium(VI) trioxide → K2[(uranyl)2(vanadyl)2(hexaoxoiodate(VII))2O]*H2O

Conditions	Yield
With KOH In water High Pressure; KIO4, UO3, and V2O5 in aq. KOH heated in autoclave at 180°C for 74 h, slowly cooled at 9°C/h to 22°C;	94%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + molybdenum(VI) oxide → potassium iodate (7758-05-6) + K[cis-MoO3(IO3)]

Conditions	Yield
With water In water MoO3 and KIO4 were loaded in Parr 4749 PTFE-lined autoclave, water was added, the mixt. was heated for 3 d at 180°C; the autoclave was cooled at a rate of 9°C/h to 23°C, the mother liquors were decanted from crystalline products that were subsequently washed with methanol, the colorless plates of KMoO3(IO3) were sepd.from colorless cubes of KIO3;	A n/a B 90%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + (237)neptunium(4+) + cesium chloride + water (7732-18-5) → NpO2(2+)*2IO3(1-)*0.5K(1+)*0.5Cl(1-)*3.25H2O=NpO2(IO3)2*0.5KCl*3.25H2O

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent, solid phase) High Pressure; Np(4+), KIO4, CsCl, H2O were placed in autoclave, sealed, heated at 180°C for 1 d, cooled at 13°C/h to 25°C;	90%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + cyclohexylamine (108-91-8) → cyclohexyl-carbamic acid methyl ester (5817-68-5)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol	85%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + hydrazine carboxamide (4426-72-6, 51433-48-8) → nitrogen (7727-37-9)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In not given	75%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + ceric ammonium nitrate → tris(trinitratocerium(IV)) paraperiodate

Conditions	Yield
In water dropwise addn. of Ce-complex soln. to KIO4 soln., cooling (ice-bath); pptn., filtration, washed (water, acetone), dried in air;	70%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + potassium chloride + bismuth(III) oxide (1304-76-3) + periodic acid (10450-60-9) → K2BiI5O15

Conditions	Yield
In water at 230℃; for 96h; Autoclave;	69%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + manganese(II) sulfate heptahydrate → K(1+)*Mn(4+)*IO6(5-)*1.5H2O = KMnIO6*1.5H2O (141221-60-5)

Conditions	Yield
In sulfuric acid aq. H2SO4; addn. of H2SO4 and KIO4 to an aq. soln. of Mn salt; heating (40°C, 4 h);; ppt.; filtration, washing (H2O), drying (1E-3 Torr, room temp., 24 h); elem. anal.;	55%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + molybdenum(VI) oxide → potassium molybdenyl iodate + KMoO3(IO3), β

Conditions	Yield
With NH4Cl In water High Pressure; MoO3, KIO4 (1:2), NH4Cl loaded in autoclave; H2O added (resulting pH = 2.9); heated to 180°C under autogenously generated pressure for 72h; furnace cooled at 9°C/h to 23°C; mother liquor of pH 3 decanted; crystals washed (MeOH); dried; crystals manually sepd.;	A 45% B n/a

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + uranium(VI) trioxide + molybdenum(VI) oxide → 2K(1+)*UO2(2+)*MoO4(2-)*2IO3(1-)=K2(UO2(MoO4)(IO3)2)

Conditions	Yield
With KOH In water UO3, MoO3, KIO4, and aq. soln. KOH were heated in autoclave at 180°C for 136 h and slow cooled at 9°C/h to 22°C; EDX analysis;	43%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + molybdenum(VI) oxide → KMoO3(IO3), β

Conditions	Yield
With NH4Cl In water High Pressure; MoO3, KIO4, NH4Cl loaded in autoclave (1:1:1); H2O added (resulting pH =2.9); heated to 180°C under autogenously generated pressure for 72 h; furnace cooled at 9°C/h to 23°C; mother liquor of pH 0.43 decanted; crystals washed (MeOH); dried; crystals manually sepd.;	43%

samarium(III) oxide + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + di-iodine pentaoxide → samarium iodate dihydrate

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: samarium(III) oxide With hydrogenchloride In water at 180℃; for 8h; Stage #2: potassium metaperiodate; di-iodine pentaoxide In water at 180℃; for 168h; Sealed tube; Autoclave;	35%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + water (7732-18-5) + vanadia + uranium(VI) trioxide → 3K(1+)*2UO2(2+)*7IO3(1-)*H2O=K3((UO2)2(IO3)6)IO3*H2O + 2K(1+)*2UO2(2+)*(VO)2O(4+)*2IO6(5-)*H2O=K2((UO2)2(VO)2(IO6)2O)*H2O

Conditions	Yield
With KOH In water High Pressure; under basic hydrothermal conditions; UO3, KIO4 and V2O5 (molar ratio 2:4:1) loaded into autoclave; aq. KOH added; heated at 180°C for 72 h; cooled (9°C/h) to 22°C; detd. by EDX analysis;	A 20% B n/a

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + selenic acid + gold (7440-57-5, 457905-15-6) → 2Au(3+)*3SeO3(2-) = Au2(SeO3)3 + K(1+)*Au(IO3)4(1-)=KAu(IO3)4 (1000783-40-3)

Conditions	Yield
In water High Pressure; Au (0.355 mmol), KIO4 (1.304 mmol), concd. H2SeO4 (0.2 ml), and water (0.05 ml), sealed, heated at 200°C for 4 d; cooled to 22°C (9°C/h), septd., soln. pptd. (water), EDX;	A n/a B 15%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + palladium(II) nitrate dihydrate → 2.5K(1+)*Pd(IO3)4(2-)*0.5H(1+)*IO3(1-)=K2.5[Pd(IO3)4]H0.5IO3

Conditions	Yield
In water High Pressure; Au (0.397 mmol), KIO4 (1.236 mmol), and water (0.5 ml), sealed, heated at 200°C for 3 d; cooled to 22°C (9°C/h), septd., EDX;	12%

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + copper (12775-96-1, 15158-11-9, 15721-63-8, 16941-75-6, 17493-86-6, 19498-52-3, 20499-83-6, 20499-84-7, 20499-85-8, 20499-86-9, 20573-10-8, 20573-11-9, 21595-51-7, 21595-52-8, 22206-52-6, 26445-28-3, 28959-95-7, 37362-93-9, 39417-05-5, 54603-16-6, 54603-23-5, 54603-32-6, 54603-40-6, 54603-48-4, 54603-81-5, 54603-89-3, 56316-56-4, 95985-91-4, 122297-32-9, 7440-50-8) → copper(III) periodate

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In water Electrolysis; Cu-anode, Pt-cathode, 0.1 M KIO4, 1 M KOH, 0.04-0.08 A/cm**2, 25 V;	9%

aqueous osmium tetroxide + potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + 2'-O-Allyl-5'-O-dimethoxytrityl-5-methyluridine (212061-56-8) + 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide (7529-22-8) → 2'-O-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-5'-O-dimethoxytrityl-5-methyluridine (212061-57-9)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium borohydrid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water
With sodium borohydrid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water
With sodium borohydrid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water
With sodium borohydrid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water
With sodium borohydrid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + 3-BOC-amino-1,2-propanediol (1378293-39-0) + 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol (616-30-8, 13552-31-3) + di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24424-99-5) → N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)glycinal (89711-08-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + 3-(2-methylsulphinyl-2-methylthio)acetyl furan (195070-80-5) + methyl iodide (74-88-4) → methyl (3-furyl)glyoxylate (195070-82-7)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium; potassium carbonate In N-methyl-acetamide; methanol; acetic acid

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol(80.0 g; 0.88 mol) + di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (24424-99-5) + tert-butyl N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamate (137618-48-5) → N-(t-butoxycarbonyl)glycinal (89711-08-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate	102 g (93%)
With hydrogenchloride; sodium hydroxide In water; ethyl acetate	102 g (93%)

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + [2R]-Benzyl 2-methyl-4-penten-1-yl ether (190005-22-2) → [3R]-4-Benzyloxy-3-methylbutanal (90865-70-6)

Conditions	Yield
With osmium(VIII) oxide In hexane; water; acetone	1.94 g (81%)

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + 4-acetamidophenoxyphenyl methyl sulphide → 4-(4-acetamidophenoxy)phenyl methyl sulphoxide (73441-77-7)

Conditions	Yield
In methanol; water

potassium metaperiodate (7790-21-8) + potassium bromide, diisobutylphenyl iodonium salt + 1-phenyl-2-methylpropane (538-93-2) → di(4-isobutylphenyl)iodonium salt + di(4-isobutylphenyl)iodonium bromide (100752-61-2)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid; acetic anhydride

Upstream product

• 584-08-7 potassium carbonate 
• 10450-60-9 periodic acid 
• 7758-05-6 potassium iodate 
• 7782-41-4 fluorine 
• 15454-31-6 iodate 
• 80937-33-3 oxygen 
• 7681-11-0 potassium iodide 
• 10028-15-6 ozone 

Downstream Products

• 5263-08-1 4-methyl-8-methoxypsoralen 
• 100752-61-2 di(4-isobutylphenyl)iodonium bromide 
• 506-78-5 cyanogen iodide 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 86119-84-8 phosphoric acid 
• 7727-37-9 nitrogen 
• 7553-56-2 iodine 
• 20427-56-9 ruthenium tetroxide 
• 90865-70-6 [3R]-4-Benzyloxy-3-methylbutanal 
• 10049-04-4 chlorine dioxide 
• 14866-68-3 chlorate 
• 15454-31-6 iodate 
• 1455-13-6 deuteromethanol 
• 7758-05-6 potassium iodate 

Relevant articles and documents

Structure refinement of potassium periodate at 297 and 150 K

The scheelitetype structure of potassium periodate, KIO4, has been confirmed and refined from single-crystal X-ray data at two temperatures. The compound crystallizes tetragonally, space group I41/a, with a = 5.726(1), c = 12.607(4) ? at 297(1) K. and a = 5.704(3), c = 12.478(8) ? at 150(1) K, respectively. Except for a significant decrease in the anisotropic displacement factors, the changes in the structural parameters at low temperature are rather small.