78222-69-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Palladium-catalyzed highly selective ortho-halogenation (I, Br, Cl) of arylnitriles via sp2 C-H bond activation using cyano as directing group
Du, Bingnan,Jiang, Xiaoqing,Sun, Peipei
, p. 2786 - 2791 (2013/04/24)
A palladium-catalyzed ortho-halogenation (I, Br, Cl) of arylnitrile is described. The optimal reaction conditions were identified after examining various factors such as catalyst, additive, solvent, and reaction temperature. Using cyano as the directing group, the halogenation reaction gave good to excellent yields. The method is compatible to the arylnitriles with either electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups. The reaction is available to the substrate in at least gram scale. The present method was successfully applied to the synthesis of the precursors of paucifloral F and isopaucifloral F.
Reaction mechanism for the LiCl-mediated directed zinc insertion: A computational and experimental study
Liu, Ching-Yuan,Wang, Xuan,Furuyama, Taniyuki,Yasuike, Shuji,Muranaka, Atsuya,Morokuma, Keiji,Uchiyama, Masanobu
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1780 - 1784 (2010/06/19)
An experimental/computational study on the LiCI-mediated zinc insertion, and the questions of the generation mechanism of Li ion ZnRCIHal, the role of LiCI, and the origin of the regioselectivity in the reaction has been demonstrated. The acceleration of Zn insertion by LiC1 was thermodynamically and kinetically confirmed. The exchange of electrons occurs exclusively among the three atoms, and the charges of the Li and the Cl atoms remain essentially constant during the reaction, indicating that LiCI does not participate in any oxidation/reduction process. The origin of the LiCI effect was investigated by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Origin of the directed oct/to selectivity of the zinc insertion reaction. The theoretical analysis delineated above further advances the understanding of recent zinc insertion chemistry and should contribute to rational design for efficient preparation of functionalized aryl zinc reagents and its application to useful synthetic transformations.
Synthesis and biological studies of novel 2-aminoalkylethers as potential antiarrhythmic agents for the conversion of atrial fibrillation
Plouvier, Bertrand,Beatch, Gregory N.,Jung, Grace L.,Zolotoy, Alexander,Sheng, Tao,Clohs, Lilian,Barrett, Terrance D.,Fedida, David,Wang, Wei Q.,Zhu, Jeff J.,Liu, Yuzhong,Abraham, Shlomo,Lynn, Leah,Dong, Ying,Wall, Richard A.,Walker, Michael J. A.
, p. 2818 - 2841 (2008/02/09)
A series of 2-aminoalkylethers prepared as potential antiarrhythmic agents is described. The present compounds are mixed sodium and potassium ion channel blockers and exhibit antiarrhythmic activity in a rat model of ischemia-induced arrhythmias. Structure-activity studies led to the identification of three compounds 5, 18, and 26, which were selected based on their particular in vivo electrophysiological properties, for studies in two canine atrial fibrillation (AF) models. The three compounds converted AF in both models, but only compound 26 was shown to be orally bioavailable. Resolution of the racemate 26 into its corresponding enantiomers 40 and 41 and subsequent biological testing of these enantiomers led to the selection of (1S,2S)-1-(1-naphthalenethoxy)-2-(3- ketopyrrolidinyl)cyclohexane monohydrochloride (41) as a potential atrial selective antiarrhythmic candidate for further development.
Acyl sulfonamide anti-proliferatives: Benzene substituent structure-activity relationships for a novel class of antitumor agents
Lobb, Karen L.,Hipskind, Philip A.,Aikins, James A.,Alvarez, Enrique,Cheung, Yiu-Yin,Considine, Eileen L.,De Dios, Alfonso,Durst, Gregory L.,Ferritto, Rafael,Grossman, Cora Sue,Giera, Deborah D.,Hollister, Beth A.,Huang, Zhongping,Iversen, Philip W.,Law, Kevin L.,Li, Tiechao,Lin, Ho-Shen,Lopez, Beatriz,Lopez, Jose E.,Martin Cabrejas, Luisa M.,McCann, Denis J.,Molero, Victoriano,Reilly, John E.,Richett, Michael E.,Shih, Chuan,Teicher, Beverly,Wikel, James H.,White, Wesley T.,Mader, Mary M.
, p. 5367 - 5380 (2007/10/03)
Two closely related diaryl acylsulfonamides were recently reported as potent antitumor agents against a broad spectrum of human tumor xenografts (colon, lung, breast, ovary, and prostate) in nude mice. Especially intriguing was their activity against colorectal cancer xenografts. In this paper, rapid parallel synthesis along with traditional medicinal chemistry techniques were used to quickly delineate the structure-activity relationships of the substitution patterns in both phenyl rings of the acylsufonamide anti-proliferative scaffold. Although the molecular target of the compounds remains unclear, we determined that the vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent human umbilical vein endothelial cells assay in combination with a soft agar disk diffusion assay allowed for optimization of potency in the series. The pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo activity in an HCT116 xenograft model are reported for representative compounds.
Substitution Reactions of Phenylated Aza-Heterocycles. Part 2. Bromination of Some 2,5-Diaryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles
Blackhall, Alexander,Brydon, Donald L.,Javaid, Khalid,Sagar, Anthony J. G.,Smith, David M.
, p. 3485 - 3497 (2007/10/02)
Electrophilic bromination of the title compounds may be achieved using either bromine in oleum, or bromine and potassium bromate in a sulphuric-acetic acid mixture.Under the milder reaction conditions provided by the latter, 2-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (2), the model compound used in this study, is mono- and di-brominated in the phenyl ring.In the first bromination step, all three monobromo-isomers are produced in appreciable amount.The orientation of the second bromination is controlled entirely by the first bromine and not by the oxadiazole substituent: this is confirmed by a separate study of the bromination of the three monobromo-compounds (3a-3c).
