87-08-1 Usage
Chemical Properties
Crystalline Solid
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 87-08-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Phenoxymethylpenicillin or penicillin V is acid-resistant and used instead of penicillin G
for oral use. It is active with respect to Gram-positive (staphylococcus, streptococcus,
pneumococcus), and Gram-negative (meningococcus, gonococcus) cocci, spirochaeta,
clostridia, and corynebacteria.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin is used for bronchitis, pneumonia, angina, scarlet fever, gonorrhea, syphilis, purulent skin and soft-tissue wounds, and other infectious diseases.
Synonyms of this drug are bermycin, isocillin, cristapen, fenospen, uticillin, and others.
2. Penicillin V is an antibacterial agent. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).
Antimicrobial activity
The antibacterial spectrum and level of activity are similar to
that of benzylpenicillin. Enteric Gram-negative
bacilli are highly resistant.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Stable in air up to 37%; relatively stable to acid. PENICILLIN V is incompatible with acids, oxidizing agents (especially in the presence of trace metals), heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, zinc and mercury; glycerol, sympathomimetic amines, thiomersal, wood alcohols, cetostearyl alcohol, hard paraffins, macrogols, cocoa butter and many ionic an nonionic surface-active agents. PENICILLIN V is also incompatible with alkalis, compounds leached from vulcanized rubber, hydrochlorides of tetracyclines and organic peroxides. Other incompatibilities include reducing agents, alcohols, other hydroxy compounds, self-emulsifying stearyl alcohol, emulsifying wax, lanolin, crude cholinesterated bases, glycol, sugars, amines, aminacrine hydrochloride, ephedrine, procaine, rubber tubing, thiamine hydrochloride, zinc oxide, oxidized cellulose, iodine, iodides, thiols, chlorocresol and resorcinol. PENICILLIN V may also be incompatible with naphthalene oils and vitamin B.
Health Hazard
SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to PENICILLIN V include hypersensitization, skin rashes, contact dermatitis, oral lesions, fever, eosinophilia, interstitial nephritis, angioedema, serum sickness, anaphylaxis, "Arthus" phenomenon; irritation of the Gastrointestinal tract; phlebitis; bronchoconstriction with severe asthma, or abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, extreme weakness and fall in blood pressure, diarrhea, and purpuric skin eruptions.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for PENICILLIN V are not available; however PENICILLIN V is probably combustible.
Pharmacokinetics
Oral absorption: 40–70%
Cmax 250 mg oral: 2 mg/L after 1 h
Plasma half-life: c. 0.5 h
Volume of distribution: 0.2 L/kg
Plasma protein binding: 80%
Absorption
Owing to acid stability, it is not destroyed in the stomach, but absorption is variable, about 30% remaining in the feces. Absorption is better after administration in the fasting state.
Metabolism and excretion
It is fairly extensively metabolized and degraded in the bowel. Some 60% of the dose is excreted in the urine, 25% in the unchanged form and the remainder as metabolites.
Clinical Use
Different sources of media describe the Clinical Use of 87-08-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. In 1948, Behrens et al. reported penicillin V, phenoxymethylpenicillin(Pen Vee, V-Cillin) as a biosyntheticproduct. It was not until 1953, however, that its clinicalvalue was recognized by some European scientists. Sincethen, it has enjoyed wide use because of its resistance tohydrolysis by gastric juice and its ability to produce uniformconcentrations in blood (when administered orally). Thefree acid requires about 1,200 mL of water to dissolve 1 g, and it has an activity of 1,695 units/mg. For parenteralsolutions, the potassium salt is usually used. This salt is verysoluble in water. Solutions of it are made from the dry saltat the time of administration. Oral dosage forms of thepotassium salt are also available, providing rapid, effectiveplasma concentrations of this penicillin. The salt of phenoxymethylpenicillinwith N,N'-bis(dehydroabietyl)ethylenediamine(hydrabamine, Compocillin-V) provides a verylong-acting form of this compound. Its high water insolubilitymakes it a desirable compound for aqueous suspensionsused as liquid oral dosage forms.
2. It may be prescribed for many indications for which benzylpenicillin
is suitable, including streptococcal pharyngitis
and skin sepsis, but is not recommended for initial therapy
of serious infections. It is useful for continuation therapy
after initial control of the disease by parenteral benzylpenicillin
when prolonged treatment is required. It has been used
prophylactically in recurrent pneumococcal meningitis after
head injury and in rheumatic fever. It is not appropriate for
infections caused by H. influenzae or Gram-negative bacteria,
and is not recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea,
syphilis or leptospirosis.
Side effects
Those common to penicillins. As with all penicillins,
patients with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins
should be treated cautiously, as serious anaphylactic responses
may occur.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: impaired liver function, dermatitis, fever. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx.
Synthesis
Phenoxymethylpenicillin, [2S-(2α,5α,6β)]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-
6-(phenoxyacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptan-2-carboxylic acid (32.1.1.2), is
also obtained biotechnologically using the fungus P. chrysogenum as the producer and phenoxyacetic acid as the precursor. As with benzylpenicillin, there is a purely synthetic way of making phenoxymethylpenicillin.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 87-08-1 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 8 and 7 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 0 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 87-08:
(4*8)+(3*7)+(2*0)+(1*8)=61
61 % 10 = 1
So 87-08-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C16H18N2O5S/c1-16(2)12(15(21)22)18-13(20)11(14(18)24-16)17-10(19)8-23-9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7,11-12,14H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H,21,22)/t11-,12+,14-/m1/s1
87-08-1Relevant articles and documents
Partial Elimination of Valine-oxygen During Penicillin Biosynthesis
Delderfield, James S.,Mtetwa, Eli,Thomas, Robert,Tyobeka, Themba E.
, p. 650 - 652 (1981)
G.c.-m.s. analysis of the methyl ester of penicillin V obtained on incubating Penicillium chrysogenum mycelium with L-valine demonstrated the elimination of one of the two carboxy-oxygen atoms.
Kinetically controlled acylation of 6-APA catalyzed by penicillin acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae: effect of reaction conditions in the enzymatic synthesis of penicillin V
Arroyo, Miguel,García-Martín, Alberto,Hormigo, Daniel,López-Conejo, María Teresa,Saborido, Ana,Serrano-Aguirre, Lara,de la Mata, Isabel
, (2019/08/30)
Enzymatic synthesis of penicillin V (penV) by acylation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) was carried out using methyl phenoxyacetate (MPOA) as activated acyl donor and soluble penicillin acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae (SlPVA) as biocatalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions on penV synthesis was investigated, such as enzyme concentration, pH, molar ratio of 6-APA to MPOA, as well as presence of DMSO as water-miscible co-solvent at different concentrations. Time-course profiles of all reactions followed the typical pattern of kinetically controlled synthesis (KCS) of β-lactam antibiotics: penV concentration reached a maximum (highest yield or Ymax) and then decreased gradually. Such maximum was higher at pH 7.0, observing that final penV concentration was abruptly reduced when basic pH values were employed in the reaction. Under the selected conditions (100 mM Tris/HCl buffer pH 7.0, 30 °C, 2.7percent (v/v) DMSO, 20 mM MPOA, 0.3 UI/ml of SlPVA), Ymax was enhanced by increasing the substrate molar ratio (6-APA to MPOA) up to 5, reaching a maximum of 94.5percent and a S/H value of 16.4 (ratio of synthetic activity to hydrolytic activity). As a consequence, the use of an excess of 6-APA as nucleophile has allowed us to obtain some of the highest Ymax and S/H values among those reported in literature for KCS of β-lactam antibiotics. Although many penicillin G acylases (PGAs) have been described in kinetically controlled acylations, SlPVA should be considered as a different enzyme in the biocatalytic tool-box for novel potential synthetic processes, mainly due to its different substrate specificity compared to PGAs.
LIQUID PHARMACEUTICAL FOR ORAL DELIVERY
-
, (2008/06/13)
A liquid pharmaceutical for oral delivery wherein at the time of use, a solid unit dosage form is added to the liquid wherein the unit dosage form is comprised of a substrate soluble in the liquid and a particulate pharmaceutically active material in a pharmaceutically effective amount. At the time of use, the unit dosage form is added to the liquid, without requiring measurement of the liquid, and the entire liquid is consumed to provide for oral delivery of the pharmaceutically effective amount of material.
Solvolysis of the methoxymethyl protecting group in penicillin derivatives
Vanwetswinkel, Sophie,Carlier, Vincent,Marchand-Brynaert, Jacqueline,Fastrez, Jacques
, p. 2761 - 2762 (2007/10/03)
The methoxymethyl (MOM) moiety, used as protecting group for the carboxyl function of penicillin derivatives, their sulfoxides and sulfones, could be easily cleaved in aqueous methanol at room temperature. The rate of deprotection by solvolysis is not sensitive to the nature of the substituent in position 6, but depends on the state of oxidation of the thiazolidine sulfur.
