96-45-7

Usage

Uses

Used in Rubber Industry:
Ethylenethiourea is used as an accelerator in the curing of polychloroprene (neoprene) and polyacrylate rubber. It enhances the vulcanization process, which is essential for the production of rubber products with desired properties.
Used in Industrial Applications:
Ethylenethiourea is used in the production of mechanical and automotive products, wire and cable production, construction, and adhesives, where neoprene rubbers are utilized.
Used in Automotive and Aircraft Applications:
Polyacrylate rubbers, which are vulcanized using ethylenethiourea, are used in the manufacturing of seals, O-rings, and gaskets for automotive and aircraft applications.
Used in Pesticide Production:
Ethylenethiourea is used in the manufacture of ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate pesticides, such as Maneb, Mancozeb, Metiram, and Zineb, which are important for agricultural applications.
Used in Electroplating Baths:
Ethylenethiourea serves as an intermediate in various chemical processes, including its use in electroplating baths.
Used in Antioxidant Production:
It is also used as an intermediate in the production of antioxidants, which are crucial in various industries to prevent oxidation and degradation of materials.
Used in Dyes, Pharmaceuticals, and Synthetic Resins:
Ethylenethiourea finds application in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic resins, although there is no evidence of its commercial use for these purposes.
Used in MRI Studies:
2-Imidazolidinethione, a derivative of ethylenethiourea, is used as a new contrast agent for MRI studies based on proton chemical exchange dependent saturation transfer.
Used as a Corrosion Inhibitor:
2-Imidazolidinethione also functions as a corrosion inhibitor due to the adsorption of its molecular species, providing protection against corrosion in various applications.

Air & Water Reactions

Slightly soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Ethlenethiourea may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas. May react with acids to liberate hydrogen sulfide.

Hazard

Questionable carcinogen.

Health Hazard

Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is an antithyroid substance and animal carcinogen.

Fire Hazard

Ethylene thiourea is combustible.

Flammability and Explosibility

Nonflammable

Contact allergens

Ethylene thiourea, a thiourea derivative, is a rubber chemical. It caused contact dermatitis mainly in rubber workers.

Potential Exposure

Ethylene thiourea is used extensively as an accelerator in the curing of polychloroprene (Neoprene) and other elastomers; as a vulcanizing accelerator in rubber processing; in electroplating baths. In addition, exposure to ethylene thiourea also results from the very widely used ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides. Ethylene thiourea may be present as a contaminant in the ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides and can also be formed when food containing the fungicides is cooked

Carcinogenicity

Ethylene thiourea is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from EtOH or amyl alcohol. [Beilstein 24 III/IV 22.]

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, acid anhydrides, and acrolein

Waste Disposal

Incineration in a furnace equipped with afterburner and scrubber.

InChI:InChI=1/C3H6N2S/c6-5-2-1-4-3-5/h3,6H,1-2H2

Upstream product

• 69219-13-2 N-(2-aminoethyl)formamide 
• 111-54-6 N,N'-ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) 
• 24775-54-0 1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-phenylthiourea) 
• 1608-91-9 dibutyl trithiocarbonate 
• 107-15-3 ethylenediamine 
• 31090-77-4 N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-phenylthiourea 
• 71-23-8 propan-1-ol 
• 108306-66-7 3-Benzoylimino-5,6-dihydro-3H<1,2,4>dithiazole> 
• 74275-08-4 7-Phenyl-6-thia-1,4-diaza-bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-4-ene 
• 74290-93-0 (4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-[1-phenyl-meth-(Z)-ylidene]-sulfonium; iodide 
• 149-30-4 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole 
• 75-15-0 carbon disulfide 
• 56-23-5 tetrachloromethane 
• 55365-85-0 O-Ethyl N-Butylthiocarbamate 

Downstream Products

• 1600-65-3 1,3-bis-piperidin-1-ylmethyl-imidazolidine-2-thione 
• 20112-79-2 2-methylthioimidazoline 
• 16181-75-2 [2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmercapto)-ethyl]-dimethyl-amine; dihydrochloride 
• 17124-75-3 diethyl-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmercapto)-ethyl]-amine; dihydrochloride 
• 86366-97-4 2-(3,4-dichloro-benzylmercapto)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 
• 77134-47-5 S-p-nitrobenzyl-N,N'-ethyleneisothiourea 
• 17886-71-4 2-benzylidene-5,6-dihydro-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-one 
• 20268-38-6 S-benzyl-N,N'-ethyleneisothiourea 
• 21108-74-7 2-(4-methoxy-benzylidene)-5,6-dihydro-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-one 
• 7320-60-7 2-(ethylthio)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole 
• 91774-37-7 ethyl [(4,5-dihydro-2-imidazolyl)thio]acetate hydrochloride 
• 5391-52-6 1-Acetyl-imidazolidin-2-thion 
• 5005-04-9 1,3-Bis-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-imidazolidinthion 
• 55114-48-2 3-methyl-5,6-dihydroimidazolo<2,1-b>thiazole 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Solar-light driven photocatalytic conversion of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol on CdS nanosheets and nanorods

A simple synthetic protocol devoid of toxic surfactants was applied for the synthesis of CdS nanosheets and nanorods by thermolyzing bis(4-benzylpiperadine-1-carbodithioate-κ2 S, S′) cadmium(II) (1) and propane-1,3-diyl bis (piperidincarbamodithioate)cadmium(II) (2) using ethylenediamine (en) as a solvent. The as obtained products were characterized by TEM, PXRD, and UV–Visible spectroscopy. The nanosheets (1) and nanorods (2) were confirmed by HR-TEM with a lattice spacing of 0.33?nm which corresponds to the 002 plane of hexagonal CdS, observations in consonance with XRD. Based upon the band gap obtained from UV–Vis, 2.91?eV (nanosheets) and 2.65?eV (nanorods), these nanoparticles (NPs) were used as solar light driven photocatalyst for the conversion of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. The nanorods (8?min) were found slightly more efficient than nanosheets (10?min), and the conversion efficiency of both remained above 92% even after 3rd cycle without any structural damage as revealed by the afterward PXRD. The better catalytic activity of both morphologies can be attributed to quantum size effect and good optical absorbance.

Synthesis method of heterocyclic compound containing bis (trimethylsilyl)

The method comprises the following steps: first adopting bis (trichloromethyl) carbonate, ethylenediamine, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, chloroform and a supported catalyst to obtain 2 - imidazolidinone. Or, ethylenediamine, ethanol, distilled water, a supported catalyst, carbon disulfide and hydrochloric acid are prepared to obtain ethylene thiourea. The trimethylchlorosilane is dissolved in an organic solvent, ammonia gas is introduced, and heated to reflux until no white precipitate is generated and filtered to obtain the filtrate. The raw material 2 - imidazolidinone or ethylidene thiourea is then dissolved to obtain the raw material solution, ammonium sulfate is added, and the filtrate is added dropwise, heated and refluxed 5 - 6h, cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the product is obtained. The molar ratio of the raw material to the trimethyl chlorosilane is 1: (2.1 - 2.5), the quality of ammonium sulfate is 1.5 - 2% of the raw material. The preparation method is simple and high in yield.

AlCl3-Promoted Synthesis of 2-Mercapto Benzoheterocycles by Using Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate as Thiocarbonyl Surrogate

A simple, expeditious and high-efficiency synthetic method for the AlCl3-mediated one-pot preparation of 2-mercapto benzoheterocycles (2-mercapto benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles) is described. By the treatment of a series of S, O and N heteroatoms containing bifunctional molecules with sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate in AlCl3, the desired benzoheterocycles are obtained smoothly. The protocol can also be applied on the synthesis of a series of thiazolidine-2-thiones, imidazolidine-2-thiones. This novel synthetic approach has advantages such as ligand-free, high efficiency, short reaction time, readily available starting materials and simple experimental procedures.

Bis-(triethylphosphine)platinum(II) complexes with thiones as anti cancer agents

Platinum(II) complexes having mixed ligands as anticancer agents. The central platinum atom is coordinated by two phosphine ligands and two heterocyclic thione ligands. Each heterocyclic thione ligand has a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocyclic ring with two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the ring and a thiocarbonyl group at position 2. Pharmaceutical compositions incorporated the platinum(II) complexes, methods of synthesizing the complexes and methods of treating cancers with the complexes or pharmaceutical compositions thereof are also described.

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and in vitro anticancer activity of new platinum(II) complexes with some thione ligands?in the presence of triethylphosphine

Seven new platinum(II) complexes (1–7) of triethylphosphine (Et3P) and thiones (L) with general formula, cis-[Pt(Et3P)2(L)2]Cl2 were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR and NMR (1H, 13C & 31P) measurements. The analytical and spectroscopic data suggested the formation of the desired complexes. The complexes were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity against four cell lines: Hela (human cervical adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma), A549 (human lung carcinoma), and HTC15 (human colon carcinoma). The anticancer activity values of compounds 1–6 are much better than cisplatin and carboplatin as indicated by their IC50 values.

An environmentally benign and efficient synthesis of substituted benzothiazole-2-thiols, benzoxazole-2-thiols, and benzimidazoline-2-thiones in water

An efficient and practical method for the one-step synthesis of benzothiazole-2-thiols, benzoxazole-2-thiols and benzimidazoline-2-thiones by cyclization of 2-aminothiophenols, 2-aminophenols, and 1,2-phenylenediamines with tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) in water was described. The features of this method include metal/ligand-free, excellent yield, short reaction time and broad substrate scope. The method provides a facile and convenient preparation of some potentially biologically active compounds.

A new imidazoline-containing Bunte salt: Synthesis, molecular and electronic structure

S-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfothioate, a new imidazoline-containing Bunte salt 4 was prepared by reacting 2-chloromethylimidazoline 3 with sodium thiosulfate in aqueous solution at room temperature. The mechanism of the concerted SN2 reaction pathway was studied by means of quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G?? level of theory. The molecular structure of compound 4 incorporating a formal amidine moiety was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, while its electronic structure was studied using quantum chemical calculations at the MP2/6-311++G?? level of theory.

Thiocarbonyl Surrogate via Combination of Sulfur and Chloroform for Thiocarbamide and Oxazolidinethione Construction

An efficient and practical thiocarbonyl surrogate via combination of sulfur and chloroform has been developed. A variety of thiocarbamides and oxazolidinethiones have been established, including chiral thiourea catalysts and chiral oxazolidinethione auxiliaries with high selectivity. Meanwhile, pesticides Diafenthiuron (an acaricide), ANTU (a rodenticide), and Chloromethiuron (an insecticide) were practically synthesized through this method in gram scale. Dicholorocarbene, as the key intermediate, was further confirmed via a carbene-trapping control experiment.

CdS nanocapsules and nanospheres as efficient solar light-driven photocatalysts for degradation of Congo red dye

CdS-1 (nanosphers) and CdS-2 (nanocapsule), were synthesized via green synthetic route without using any toxic surfactants by thermolysis of bis(4-benzhydrylpiperazine-1-carbodithioate-κ2 S, S?)cadmium(II) (1) and bis (4-benzylpipera-zine-1-carbodithioate-κ2 S, S?)cadmium(II) (2), respectively in the presence of ethylenediamine as a solvent. The nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD, SEM, FT-IR UV–Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopy. The TEM results showed the formation of nanospheres (CdS-1) and nanocapsules (CdS-2) from complexes 1 and 2, respectively. Both CdS nanoparticles (NPs) have hexagonal crystal phase and a band gap value in the visible region as confirmed by the XRD and UV–Visible spectra, respectively. The photoluminescence (PL) data revealed that CdS-2 has longer recombination time of photo-injected electron hole pairs than CdS-1. The similar FT-IR spectra for both CdS NPs, and different HOMO-LUMO gap values for complexes {4.8187?eV (1) and CdS-2 4.7504?eV (2)} as predicted by DFT calculations suggest that stability of complexes play a key role in controlling morphology. Furthermore, the visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye was observed higher for nanocapsules than nanospheres due to a longer recombination time of photo-injected electron hole pairs.

A convenient synthesis of new annelated pyrimidines and their biological importance

Several bicyclic/tricyclic-fused pyrimidines were synthesized from the reactions of amino esters and bifunctional nucleophiles such as 2-methylthio-thiazoline and 2-methylthio-imidazoline. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activities that revealed mild to moderate growth inhibitory potentials.