Chapter 7 - Robert Koch and Paul Ehrlich: Criteria of Causation of Disease and Chemotherapy as “Magic Bullets”

Add time:09/02/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

The biological foundations of infectious disease were developed in the 19th century, building on the work of Louis Pasteur. The methodologies of microbiology were greatly advanced by Robert Koch, in Germany, discoverer of tuberculosis, anthrax and cholera organisms and establishing criteria of proof for the “Germ Theory” causation of disease by microbial agents. Paul Ehrlich later developed the “magic bullet” of Salvarsan chemotherapy for treating syphilis. The pioneering work and findings of Koch and Ehrlich were recognized by Noble Prizes, awarded to Koch in 1905 and to Ehrlich in 1908, respectively. These scientific pioneers provided the foundation for development of microbiology and immunology as well as the search for magic bullets to cure not only infectious diseases but others as well such as cancers. Current research is working to develop specific treatments based on genetic studies of the patient for “personalized magic bullets” now being developed as “precision medicine” to treat cancer and improve survival. The biomedical model is still a cornerstone of public health and overlaps with health protection and health promotion aspects as well as priority setting and good management of limited health resources.

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