Lithium: Environmental Pollution and Health Effects

Add time:09/03/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

This article describes the natural and man-made sources of lithium, its health affects on humans and other living organisms, and the effects of mining and consumer-created pollution on the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Lithium is distributed widely in trace amounts in rocks and soils, as well as in Surface water, groundwater, and seawater. Lithium concentrations in surface water and groundwater are often higher in the vicinity of lithium-rich brines and mineral deposits than in the general environment. Man-made lithium pollution often relates to its production and consumption. Metallic lithium and its compounds are used mainly in the production of batteries and lubricants; in the manufacture of ceramics, glass, synthetic rubber, plastics, pharmaceutical products, and aluminum metal alloys; as a reducing agent in synthesis of some organic reagents; as a drying agent; as a neutron capturer in the nuclear industry; and in medicine to cure bipolar disorder. Lithium is not expected to bioaccumulate, and its human and environmental toxicity is low. Lithium is not a dietary mineral for plants, but it does stimulate plant growth.

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