Chapter 18 - Secretin (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide) Family

Add time:09/07/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

The secretin family is often called the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) family, as PACAP is the ancestral form and secretin is absent in fishes. The secretin family forms a superfamily with the glucagon family. The secretin family consists of PACAP, PACAP-related peptide (PRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine methionine/isoleucine (PHM/PHI), secretin, and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). PACAP is most conserved and identical between humans and some teleosts. PACAP also exists in protostomes. PAC1 is a receptor for PACAP, and VPAC1 and VPAC2 are those for both PACAP and VIP. GHRH, secretin, PRP, and PHI/PHM have their own specific receptors. PACAP and VIP exert pleiotropic actions, while secretin, GHRH, PRP, and PHI/PHM have rather specific functions. The secretin family seems to coordinate the central and peripheral network for homeostatic regulation of various systems by governing the development and activity of neural and endocrine tissues.

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