Rubella virus replication: effect of interferons and actinomycin D

Add time:09/06/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

The effect of α and γ interferon (IFNα, IFNγ and actinomycin D on the expression of wild type rubella virus in African green monkey kidney cells (Vero 76) was studied. Viral protein synthesis in the infected cells was significantly reduced upon treatment of the cells with IFNα or IFNγ, which is accompanied by the reduction in the level of both the (+) stranded and the (−) stranded viral RNAs. The residual rubella viral RNA from interferon-treated cells, however, was structurally intact as judged by Northern blot analysis and in vitro translation. These results suggest that the effect of IFNα and IFNγ on rubella viral protein synthesis is both at the transcriptional and the translational level.The effect of actinomycin D on rubella virus replication was found to be time-dependent. It is much more pronounced during the eclipse phase of the viral growth (first 4 h) than after 8 h at which time actinomycin D had lesser effect. A similar effect on rubella virus replication was observed when α-amanitin was used instead of actinomycin D. These results were taken to indicate that during the viral infection, host cell DNA directs the synthesis of a cellular factor(s) which is essential for the viral replication. When the synthesis of this cellular factor(s) is terminated at an early stage of viral infection by actinomycin D or by α-amanitin, viral replication is impaired.

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