- Synthesis of 3-Hydroxymethyl Isoindolinones via Cobalt-Catalyzed C(sp2)-H Carbonylation of Phenylglycinol Derivatives
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An efficient method for the synthesis of 3-hydroxymethyl isoindolinones via cobalt-catalyzed C(sp2)-H carbonylation of phenylglycinol derivatives using picolinamide as a traceless directing group is demonstrated. The reaction proceeds in the presence of a commercially available cobalt(II) tetramethylheptanedionate catalyst and employs DIAD as a "CO" surrogate. This synthetic route offers a broad substrate scope, excellent regioselectivity, and full preservation of the original stereochemistry. Besides, the developed method provides a pathway for accessing valuable enantiopure 3-substituted isoindolinone derivatives.
- Lukasevics, Lukass,Cizikovs, Aleksandrs,Grigorjeva, Liene
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supporting information
p. 2720 - 2723
(2020/03/30)
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- Benzoazepine-Fused Isoindolines via Intramolecular (3 + 2)-Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides with Dinitroarenes
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Aminobenzaldehydes bearing a pendant 3,5-dinitrophenyl group react thermally with N-substituted α-amino acids to form unprecedented benzoazepine-fused isoindolines. The reaction proceeds via a dearomatization/rearomatization sequence involving an intramolecular (3 + 2)-cycloaddition between the in situ formed azomethine ylide and the dinitroarene. Various glycine derivatives are tolerated as well as branched substrates based on cyclic, α-mono-, and α,α-disubstituted amino acids, giving single diastereomers in many cases. The method is scalable and gives products with a nitro group ready for further manipulation.
- Wales, Steven M.,Rivinoja, Daniel J.,Gardiner, Michael G.,Bird, Melissa J.,Meyer, Adam G.,Ryan, John H.,Hyland, Christopher J. T.
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supporting information
p. 4703 - 4708
(2019/06/27)
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- Synthesis of unnatural α-amino acid derivatives: Via selective o -C-H functionalization
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Pd-Catalyzed o-C-H functionalization of α-phenylglycine, 4-hydroxyphenylglycine and phenylalanine using picolinamide as a directing group is reported. We have developed different protocols for the arylation, alkylation, alkynylation, halogenation, alkoxylation, and acyloxylation of these amino acids. The reactions exhibit high selectivity, broad substrate scope, and compatibility with different functional groups in moderate to high yields. They provide a rapid and efficient access to a variety of phenyl based amino acid derivatives which can be further modified and have broad spectrum of applications in medicinal chemistry.
- Zeng, Wanting,Nukeyeva, Moldir,Wang, Qiumei,Jiang, Chao
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supporting information
p. 598 - 608
(2018/02/09)
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- Access to α-Arylglycines by Umpolung Carboxylation of Aromatic Imines with Carbon Dioxide
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A straightforward and transition-metal-free approach for the efficient synthesis of α-arylglycine derivatives from aromatic imines and carbon dioxide was enabled by an umpolung carboxylation reaction. Various substituted diphenylmethimines underwent the carboxylation smoothly with carbon dioxide in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide and 18-crown-6 to give the corresponding carboxylated products in good to high yields. Besides the enhancement of the solubility of potassium tert-butoxide in THF, 18-crown-6 also plays key roles in suppressing the reverse protonation or 1, 3-proton shift isomerization as well as by stabilizing the carboxylated intermediate.
- Guo, Chun-Xiao,Zhang, Wen-Zhen,Zhou, Hui,Zhang, Ning,Lu, Xiao-Bing
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p. 17156 - 17159
(2016/11/23)
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- Treatment of proliferative disorders with a chemiluminescent agent
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Methods employing chemiluminescent agents as therapeutically active agents in the treatment of proliferative disorders are disclosed. The chemiluminiscent agents are used in the disclosed method without a therapeutically effective amount of a photosensitizer. Novel chemiluminescent agents having the general formula: are also disclosed, wherein X, Y, Z, R3 and R5-R9 are as defined herein.
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Page/Page column 31; 32
(2016/10/31)
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- Regiodivergent Enantioselective γ-Additions of Oxazolones to 2,3-Butadienoates Catalyzed by Phosphines: Synthesis of α,α-Disubstituted α-Amino Acids and N,O-Acetal Derivatives
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Phosphine-catalyzed regiodivergent enantioselective C-2- and C-4-selective γ-additions of oxazolones to 2,3-butadienoates have been developed. The C-4-selective γ-addition of oxazolones occurred in a highly enantioselective manner when 2-aryl-4-alkyloxazol-5-(4H)-ones were employed as pronucleophiles. With the employment of 2-alkyl-4-aryloxazol-5-(4H)-ones as the donor, C-2-selective γ-addition of oxazolones took place in a highly enantioselective manner. The C-4-selective adducts provided rapid access to optically enriched α,α-disubstituted α-amino acid derivatives, and the C-2-selective products led to facile synthesis of chiral N,O-acetals and γ-lactols. Theoretical studies via DFT calculations suggested that the origin of the observed regioselectivity was due to the distortion energy that resulted from the interaction between the nucleophilic oxazolide and the electrophilic phosphonium intermediate.
- Wang, Tianli,Yu, Zhaoyuan,Hoon, Ding Long,Phee, Claire Yan,Lan, Yu,Lu, Yixin
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supporting information
p. 265 - 271
(2016/01/25)
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- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS FOR THE INHIBITION OF PASK
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Disclosed herein are new heterocyclic compounds of Formula IIa: and compositions thereof, and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease. Methods of inhibiting PAS Kinase (PASK) activity in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus.
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Paragraph 0235
(2014/05/20)
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- Triple role of phenylselenonyl group enabled a one-pot synthesis of 1,3-oxazinan-2-ones from α-isocyanoacetates, phenyl vinyl selenones, and water
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Reaction of α-substituted α-isocyanoacetates with phenyl vinyl selenones in the presence of a catalytic amount of base (DBU or Et3N, 0.05-0.1 equiv) followed by addition of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA, 0.1-0.2 equiv) afforded 4,4,5-trisubstituted 1,3-oxazinan-2-ones in good to excellent yields. Enantiomerically enriched heterocycles can also be prepared using a Cinchona alkaloid-derived bifunctional organocatalyst for the Michael addition step. The phenylselenonyl group served as an activator for the Michael addition, a leaving group and a latent oxidant in this integrated reaction sequence.
- Buyck, Thomas,Wang, Qian,Zhu, Jieping
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supporting information
p. 11524 - 11528
(2014/10/15)
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- Catalytic enantioselective Michael addition of α-aryl-α- isocyanoacetates to vinyl selenone: Synthesis of α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids and (+)- and (-)-trigonoliimine A
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Be like Mike: The title reaction in the presence of the catalyst 1 afforded Michael adducts in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The adducts were readily converted into α,α′-disubstituted α-amino acids. The enantioselective total synthesis of bot
- Buyck, Thomas,Wang, Qian,Zhu, Jieping
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supporting information
p. 12714 - 12718
(2013/12/04)
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- Iron-catalyzed oxidative C - H/C - H cross-coupling: An efficient route to α-quaternary α-amino acid derivatives
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Fully loaded: A coordinating activation strategy has been developed to furnish α-quaternary α-amino acids through the iron(III)-catalyzed oxidative functionalization of α-C(sp3) - H bonds of α-tertiary α-amino acid esters. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope for both α-amino acids and nucleophiles (Nu) as well as good functional-group tolerance (see scheme, DTBP=di-tert-butyl peroxide, DCE=1,2-dichloroethane). Copyright
- Li, Kaizhi,Tan, Guangying,Huang, Jingsheng,Song, Feijie,You, Jingsong
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supporting information
p. 12942 - 12945
(2014/01/06)
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- Structural diversity-guided convenient construction of functionalized polysubstituted butenolides and lactam derivatives
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A molecular diversity-oriented convenient access to multi-substituted butenolides and lactam scaffolds via four different methods from various phenylacetic acid derivatives is described. The target molecules have been identified on the basis of analytical spectra data, and are useful synthons in the fields of medicine and agrochemicals.
- Ke, Shaoyong,Zhang, Ya-Ni,Shu, Wenming,Zhang, Zhigang,Shi, Liqiao,Liang, Ying,Wang, Kaimei,Yang, Ziwen
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experimental part
p. 1071 - 1079
(2012/03/12)
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- SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLONE DERIVATIVES, PREPARATIONS AND USES
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The present invention relates to polysubstituted imidazolone derivatives, to the pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to the therapeutic uses thereof in the human and animal health fields. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing these derivatives.
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Page/Page column 37
(2010/02/16)
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- IMIDAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES AS CGRP RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
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The present invention is directed to imidazolinone derivatives which are antagonists of CGRP receptors and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which CGRP is involved, such as migraine. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical comp
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Page/Page column 82
(2010/08/04)
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- Emergence of a single solid chiral state from a nearly racemic amino acid derivative
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The evolution of a single chiral solid state is reported for an amino acid derivative starting from a nearly racemic mixture of solid left- and right-handed crystals. Attrition-enhanced dissolution and recrystallization processes based on solubility considerations of the Gibbs-Thomson rule, coupled with solution-phase racemization, drive this near-equilibrium system inexorably to single chirality in the solid phase. Copyright
- Noorduin, Wim L.,Izumi, Toshiko,Millemaggi, Alessia,Leeman, Michel,Meekes, Hugo,Van Enckevort, Willem J. P.,Kellogg, Richard M.,Kaptein, Bernard,Vlieg, Elias,Blackmond, Donna G.
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p. 1158 - 1159
(2008/09/20)
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- Organosilicon synthesis of isocyanates: IV. Synthesis of isocyanates from aliphatic and alkylaromatic amino acid esters
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Treatment of an alcoholic suspension of amino acids with trimethylchlorosilane yielded phenylglycine, valine, β-phenylalanine, and homovaline ester hydrochlorides. Their saccharin-catalyzed silylation with hexamethyldisilazane proceeds quantitatively and involves only one proton of the amino group. The best conversion of the amino acid esters to the corresponding isocyanates was achieved by phosgene treatment of their monosilyl urethanes, rather than of the silylated amino esters. Monosilyl urethanes are formed quantitatively by treatment of the amino acid ester hydrochlorides with the hexamethyldisilazane-CO2 system. The 1H NMR spectra show that monosilyl urethanes derived from α-and β-amino acid esters are characterized by intramolecular interaction of the silicon atom and the oxygen atom of the carboxy group. Nauka/Interperiodica 2007.
- Lebedev,Lebedeva,Sheludyakov,Shatunov,Ovcharuk
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p. 581 - 585
(2008/02/11)
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- Ultrasound accelerated synthesis of proteinogenic and α,α- dialkylamino acid ester salts
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A simple and efficient sonochemical esterification of proteinogenic as well as cyclic α,α-dialkyl amino acid methyl and ethyl ester hydrochloride salts employing thionyl chloride and alcohol has been reported. All the amino acid esters made have been obtained in good yield (94-98%) as pure compounds.
- Kantharaju,Babu, Vommina V. Suresh
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p. 1942 - 1944
(2007/10/03)
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- MANUFACTURING METHOD OF AMINOALCOHOL DERIVATIVE
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing an aminoalcohol derivative by reducing an amino acid ester compound with sodium borohydride. SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of the aminoalcohol derivative represented by general formula (2) (
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- ORGANOGERMANIUM COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE
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The invention provides a method for enantioselectively reducing a prochiral carbon centred radical having one or more electron donor groups attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom of the radical, and/or attached to a carbon atom within 1 to 4 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom, comprising treating said radical with a chiral non-racemic organogermanium hydride in the presence of a Lewis acid. The invention also provides a novel class of chiral non-racemic organogermanium hydrides and a method of preparing chiral non-racemic organogermanium compounds.
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Page/Page column 29
(2010/02/06)
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- CHIRAL ORGANOSILICON HYDRIDES
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The invention provides a method for enantioselectively reducing a prochiral carbon centred radical having one or more electron donor groups attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom of the radical, and/or attached to a carbon atom within 1 to 4 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom, comprising treating said radical with an activated chiral non-racemic organosilicon hydride in the presence of a Lewis acid. The invention also provides a novel class of activated chiral non-racemic organosilicon hydrides.
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- INTERMEDIATE COMPOUNDS FOR THE PREPARATION OF MIRTAZAPINE AND THE PRODUCTION METHODS THEREOF
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Intermediate compounds for the preparation of mirtazapine and obtention methods thereof. A method is described for obtaining (±)-3-phenyl-1-methylpiperazine, an important intermediate for obtaining mirtazapine, which is based on imposing a cyclation reaction, in the presence of a reducing agent, on new compounds of general formula (I) in which Z is a leaving group capable of undergoing a nucleophylic displacement. A method is also described for obtaining the new compounds of formula (I).
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- [(11)C] Carbon monoxide in selenium-mediated synthesis of (11)C-carbamoyl compounds.
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Using either amines, amino alcohols, or alcohols in selenium-mediated synthesis with [(11)C]carbon monoxide, 3 ureas, 6 carbamates, and 1 carbonate were labeled. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride ((TBA)F) was discovered to form a soluble and reactive complex with selenium and drastically increase the radiochemical yields. Of the selected carbamoyl compounds, one was a receptor ligand, one was an enzyme inhibitor, and one was a muscular relaxant pharmaceutical. The (11)C-target compounds were obtained in radiochemical yields ranging from low to almost quantitative and with specific radioactivity up to 1300 GBq/micromol. The radiochemical purity of the final products exceeded 98%. In one case, the corresponding (13)C-substituted compound was produced to verify the position of the (11)C-label. In a typical experiment starting with 16.4 GBq [(11)C]carbon monoxide, 7.0 GBq of LC-purified 5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-[2-(11)C]-2-one was obtained within 20 min from start of the carbonylation reaction (84% decay-corrected radiochemical yield). The presented approach is an interesting alternative to the use of [(11)C]phosgene in labeling chemistry.
- Kihlberg, Tor,Karimi, Farhad,Langstroem, Bengt
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p. 3687 - 3692
(2007/10/03)
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- New 2-(2'-phenyl-9'-benzyl-8'-azapurin-6'-ylamino)-carboxylic acid methylesters as ligands for A1 adenosine receptors.
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Synthesis of a series of new 2-phenyl-9-benzyl-8-azaadenines bearing on N6 an alkyl or aralkyl chain having a carbonyloxymethyl group on the carbon bound to N6 were reported. The ester group could assure to the molecule a better water-solubility than the 8-azaadenines 2, 6 and 9 substituted with lipophilic groups synthesised in the past. Compounds synthesised demonstrated only little capability of binding A1 adenosine receptors.
- Biagi,Giorgi,Pacchini,Livi,Scartoni
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p. 929 - 931
(2007/10/03)
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- Efficient synthesis of functionalized α-aryl α-aminoesters via reaction of polyfunctional diarylzincs with a glycine cation equivalent
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Functionalized diarylzine reagents, easily available from the corresponding aryl halides by a halogen-lithium exchange followed by transmetalation with ZnCl2 react with a glycine cation equivalent to afford substituted α-aryl α-amino esters in good yields.
- Lamaty, Frederic,Lazaro, Rene,Martinez, Jean
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p. 3385 - 3386
(2007/10/03)
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- Selectivity and Specificity in Substrate Binding to Proteases: Novel Hydrolytic Reactions Catalysed by α-Chymotrypsin Suspended in Organic Solvents with Low Water Content and Mediated by Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate
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α-Chymotrypsin suspended in organic solvents with low water content catalysed hydrolytic reactions in the presence of ammonium hydrogen carbonate.Molecular modelling studies were carried out and structure-reactivity relationships were established by studying the hydrolysis of amino acid derivatives and analogues.The enzyme was found to be stereoselective with respect to the hydrolysis of L-amino acid derivatives, but no stereoselectivity was observed when α-hydroxy esters were used as substrates.A general procedure for the resolution of aromatic amino acid esters is given.The results are interpreted in terms of molecular modelling based on X-ray crystallographic data and literature data.
- Ricca, Jean-Marc,Crout, David H. G.
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p. 1225 - 1234
(2007/10/02)
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- HETEROCYCLES FROM NITRILE IMINES. PART IV. CHIRAL 4,5-DIHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZIN-6-ONES
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The reaction of nitrile imines (II) with α-amino esters (III) proceeds with no detectable racemization and constitutes a convenient synthetic route to 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-6-ones (IV).Permangamate oxidation of heterocycles (IV) affords the corresponding 1,2,4-triazin-6-ones (V).The reaction of (II) with β-amino esters gives the respective acyclic amidrazone adducts (VI).
- El-Abadelah, Mustafa M.,Hussein, Ahmad Q.,Thaher, Bassam A.
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p. 1879 - 1895
(2007/10/02)
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- ENANTIOSELECTIVE ELECTROPHILIC BOND CONSTRUCTION TO THE α-CARBON OF α-AMINOACIDS
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In this report, we describe three possibilities for aminoacid synthesis using an enantioselective electrophilic process.Thus, enantioselective carboxylation, alkylation and protonation of Schiff bases yield optically active aminoacids with e.e. up to 76percent.
- Duhamel, Lucette,Duhamel, Pierre,Fouquay, Stephane,Eddine, Jamal Jamal,Peschard, Olivier,et al.
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p. 5495 - 5506
(2007/10/02)
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- SIMULTANEOUS USE OF N-Fmoc AND OTmse PROTECTIVE GROUPS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF PEPTOLYTIC SENSITIVE PEPTIDES
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The combined use of Fmoc (fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) as N-protection and Tmse (trimethylsilylethyl) as O-protection during demanding fragment condensation mediated by Bop-Cl (N,N'-bis(3-oxo-2-oxazolidinyl)phosphinyl chloride) has been explored in the preparation of useful synthons that are sensitive to acidic and even basic hydrolyses.Stepwise deprotection by morfoline (Fmoc-deprotection) followed by F--mediated removal of Tmse results in a very effective peptide synthesis strategy, as exemplified by the preparation of i.a.Phg-MePhe-Thz.Similarly, combinations of N-Boc, O-Tmse peptide esters are also possible that allow the preparation of +H2-MePhe-Thz-OTmse (via Boc-MePhe-Thz-OTmse) without competitive DKP formation.
- Vanfleteren, L.,Anteunis, M. J. O.
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p. 505 - 518
(2007/10/02)
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- A Simple Conversion of Alkohols into Amines
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In a convenient one-pot sequence, treatment of alcohols and α-hydroxyesters with hydrazoic acid, di-isopropyl azodicarboxylate and an excess of triphenylphosphine in tetrahydrofuran, followed by addition of water or aqueous acid, yields amines or amino-acid esters in moderate to good overall yields.
- Fabiano, Emmanuel,Golding, Bernard T.,Sadeghi, Majid M.
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p. 190 - 192
(2007/10/02)
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- Derecemization par protonation enantioselective. Application a un α-aminoacide, la phenylglycine
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This work describes the application of deracemization by enantioselective protonation to α-aminoacid derivatives.Esters of phenylglycine are readly converted into Schiff bases.Melanation of the latter by a lithium amide, followed by protonation by a chiral acid, leads to the optically active starting materials (e.e. as high as 70percent).Chiral acids can easily be retrieved after protonation with excellent yields and conservation of enantiomeric purity.A mechanism responsible for the asymmetric induction is suggested by means of a study of the parameters modifying the selectivity, such as the nature of protecting groups, chiral acid, and lithium amide.
- Duhamel, Lucette,Plaquevent, Jean-Christophe
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