7274-88-6

Basic information

• Product Name: D-Lysine hydrochloride
• Synonyms: D-LYSINE HCL;D-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE;D-LYSINE HYDROCHLORIDE SALT;D-(-)-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE;D-LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE;D-LYS HYDROCHLORIDE;D-2,6-DIAMINOCAPROIC ACID, HYDROCHLORIDE;D-2,6-DIAMINOHEXANOIC ACID, HYDROCHLORIDE
• CAS NO: 7274-88-6
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₄N₂O₂*ClH
• Molecular Weight: 182.65
• EINECS: 230-691-6
• Product Categories: Lysine [Lys, K];Amino Acids and Derivatives;alpha-Amino Acids;Amino Acids;Biochemistry;Amino hydrochloride;Amino acid;Thiophenes
• Mol File: 7274-88-6.mol

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 266 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 311.5 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 142.2 °C
• Appearance: White/Crystalline Powder
• Vapor Pressure: 0.000123mmHg at 25°C
• Storage Temp.: Store at RT.
• Solubility: H2O: soluble
• Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
• BRN: 4356907
• CAS DataBase Reference: D-Lysine hydrochloride(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: D-Lysine hydrochloride(7274-88-6)
• EPA Substance Registry System: D-Lysine hydrochloride(7274-88-6)

Safety Data

• Safety Statements: 24/25
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: OL5632500
• F: 21
• TSCA: Yes
• Hazardous Substances Data: 7274-88-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

Used in Animal Feed Industry:
D-Lysine hydrochloride is used as a nutritional supplement to enhance the growth and development of animals, providing essential amino acids that may not be sufficiently available in their diet.
Used in Polymers and Biomaterials Industry:
D-Lysine hydrochloride is used as a component in polymers (poly-D-lysine), surfactants, and biofilms to confer a positive (cationic) charge. This property is crucial for various applications, such as enhancing the electrostatic interaction between negatively-charged ions of cell membranes and positively-charged culture surfaces.
Used in Histology and Cell Culture:
In the histochemical field, D-Lysine hydrochloride is used to coat slides, promoting cell attachment and facilitating the study of cell behavior and interactions with surfaces. This is particularly important in research and diagnostic applications where understanding cell adhesion and growth is critical.
Overall, D-Lysine hydrochloride plays a significant role in various industries, from animal nutrition to biomaterials and scientific research, due to its unique properties and applications.

References

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/D-Lysine#section=Top http://www.alamanda-polymers.com/content/poly-l-lysine-and-poly-d-lysine http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/l8021?lang=zh®ion=CN

InChI:InChI=1/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)/p+1/t5-/m1/s1

Synthetic route

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) + 2,2-dimethoxy-propane (77-76-9) → D-lysine methyl ester bis-hydrochloride

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In methanol at 20℃; for 15h; Reflux;	95%

4-phenylazobenzoyl chloride (104-24-5) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → bis-D-lysine

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In 1,4-dioxane	64%

2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 6-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)nicotinate (1277191-84-0) + N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide (82911-69-1) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-2-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-6-(6-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)nicotinamido)hexanoic acid (1277191-85-1)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: D-lysine hydrochloride With copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; sodium hydrogencarbonate In water for 2h; Reflux; Stage #2: 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 6-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)nicotinate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃; for 16h; Stage #3: N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide Further stages;	62%

palmitic acid N-succinimide ester (14464-31-4) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Pam-DLys(Pam)-OH (870789-29-0)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: palmitic acid N-succinimide ester; D-lysine hydrochloride With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane at 20℃; for 48h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane; water	61%

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) + acryloyl chloride (814-68-6) → (R)-6-acrylamido-2-aminohexanoic acid

Conditions	Yield
With copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate; sodium carbonate; sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 20℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;	45.3%

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-3-amino-azepan-2-one (28957-33-7)

Conditions	Yield
With hexamethyldisilazan In toluene for 168h; Heating / reflux;	15%
Stage #1: D-lysine hydrochloride With thionyl chloride In methanol at -60 - 20℃; for 12h; Stage #2: With sodium methylate In methanol for 4h; Reflux;
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: hydrogenchloride / 3 h / Reflux 2: sodium methylate / methanol / 4 h / Reflux View Scheme

tert-butyl fluoroformate (18595-34-1) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Nε-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-D-lysine (31202-69-4)

Conditions	Yield
(i) CuCO3*Cu(OH)2, (ii) aq. NaOH, NaHCO3, dioxane; Multistep reaction;

2,2-dimethylpropanoic anhydride (1538-75-6) + 2-methyl-1-nitroisourea (57538-27-9) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Nα-tert-butoxycarbonyl-NG-nitro-D-homoarginine (132718-70-8)

Conditions	Yield
Yield given. Multistep reaction;

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) + benzyl chloroformate (501-53-1) → (R)-2-amino-6-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)hexanoic acid (34404-32-5, 1155-64-2, 32302-83-3)

Conditions	Yield
With copper (II) carbonate hydroxide; sodium hydroxide 1.) H2O, reflux, 2.5 h, 2.) RT, overnight; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

acetic anhydride (108-24-7) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Nε-acetyl-lysine (51621-57-9)

Conditions	Yield
With TEA 1.) H2O, reflux, 30 min, 2.) H2O, MeOH, a) 0 deg C, 1.5 h, b) RT, 1 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) + benzaldehyde (100-52-7) → Nε-benzylidene-D-lysine

Conditions	Yield
With lithium hydroxide at 0℃;

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Nα-carbobenzoxy-D-lysine (70671-54-4)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-7-hydroxy-heptanoic acid methyl ester

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Acetic acid (R)-5-benzyloxycarbonylamino-7-diazo-6-oxo-heptyl ester

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-6-Acetoxy-2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-hexanoic acid

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-7-Acetoxy-3-benzyloxycarbonylamino-heptanoic acid methyl ester

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (S)-2-[((2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-heptanoyl)-methyl-amino]-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 11 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 10.1: iPr2NEt; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; 2-bromo-1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / -25 - 20 °C 11.1: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoic acid methyl ester

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoic acid methyl ester (790302-28-2)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoic acid

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 9 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (S)-2-{[(2R,3R)-3-((S)-2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-2-methyl-7-oxo-heptanoyl]-methyl-amino}-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 14 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 10.1: iPr2NEt; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; 2-bromo-1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / -25 - 20 °C 11.1: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C 12.1: aq. HCl; H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 20 °C 13.1: HOBt; EDCI; N-methylmorpholine / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C 14.1: DMSO; oxalyl chloride; iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / -78 - -55 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (S)-2-[((2R,3R)-3-Amino-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-heptanoyl)-methyl-amino]-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester; hydrochloride

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 12 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 10.1: iPr2NEt; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; 2-bromo-1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / -25 - 20 °C 11.1: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C 12.1: aq. HCl; H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (S)-2-{[(2R,3R)-3-((S)-2-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-heptanoyl]-methyl-amino}-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester (790302-31-7)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 13 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 10.1: iPr2NEt; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; 2-bromo-1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / -25 - 20 °C 11.1: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 0 °C 12.1: aq. HCl; H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 20 °C 13.1: HOBt; EDCI; N-methylmorpholine / CH2Cl2 / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (S)-2-{[(2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoyl]-methyl-amino}-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester (790302-29-3)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 10 steps 1.1: aq. LiOH / 0 °C 2.1: aq. NaOH / ethanol / 0.33 h / -10 - 20 °C 2.2: HCl / ethanol / 0.17 h / 50 °C 3.1: NaNO2; AcOH / 6 h / 40 °C 4.1: Et3N; isobutyl chloroformate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -25 - -10 °C 4.2: tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / -10 - 20 °C 5.1: PhCO2Ag; Et3N / -25 - 20 °C 6.1: K2CO3 / methanol / 6 h / 0 °C 7.1: iPr2NEt / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C 8.1: LDA; LiCl / tetrahydrofuran / -78 °C 9.1: LiOH*H2O / tetrahydrofuran; methanol; H2O / 0 - 20 °C 10.1: iPr2NEt; 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole; 2-bromo-1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / -25 - 20 °C View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-6-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexanoic acid (55878-47-2)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 1.) basic copper carbonate, 2.) NaOH / 1.) H2O, reflux, 2.5 h, 2.) RT, overnight 2: 91 percent / aq. NaOH / 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / Ambient temperature View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Boc-D-Lys-OH (106719-44-2)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 1.) basic copper carbonate, 2.) NaOH / 1.) H2O, reflux, 2.5 h, 2.) RT, overnight 2: 91 percent / aq. NaOH / 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / Ambient temperature 3: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol; H2O / 24 h / 2585.7 Torr View Scheme

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → Nα-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Nε-nicotinoyl-D-lysine (122546-52-5)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: 1.) basic copper carbonate, 2.) NaOH / 1.) H2O, reflux, 2.5 h, 2.) RT, overnight 2: 91 percent / aq. NaOH / 2-methyl-propan-2-ol / Ambient temperature 3: H2 / 5percent Pd/C / methanol; H2O / 24 h / 2585.7 Torr 4: dimethylformamide / 120 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl azidoformate (28920-44-7) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → N,N'-bis-(9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl)-D-lysine (75932-02-4)

Conditions	Yield
In hexane; water; sodium carbonate; acetone

benzyl bromide (100-39-0) + D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → (R)-benzyl 2,6-bis(dibenzylamino)hexanoate

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: benzyl bromide; D-lysine hydrochloride With potassium carbonate In ethanol at 60℃; for 96h; Stage #2: In ethanol

D-lysine hydrochloride (7274-88-6) → C26H30F6N2O5

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: sulfuric acid / water / 20 - 30 °C 1.2: 120 °C / 36228.6 Torr / Autoclave; Sealed tube 2.1: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / dichloromethane-d2 / 2 h / 20 °C View Scheme

Upstream product

• 923-27-3 D-lysine 
• 6804-88-2 α-nitrocaprolactam 
• 70-53-1 2,6-Diamino-hexanoic acid; hydrochloride 

Downstream Products

• 31202-69-4 N_ε-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-D-lysine 
• 132718-70-8 Boc-D-Har(NO2)-OH 
• 34404-32-5 (R)-2-amino-6-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)hexanoic acid 
• 70671-54-4 N^α-carbobenzoxy-D-lysine 
• 790302-28-2 (2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoic acid methyl ester 
• 790302-29-3 (S)-2-{[(2R,3R)-3-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-7-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-heptanoyl]-methyl-amino}-3-methyl-butyric acid methyl ester 
• 55878-47-2 (R)-6-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-hexanoic acid 
• 106719-44-2 Boc-D-Lys-OH 
• 122546-52-5 N^α-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-N^ε-nicotinoyl-D-lysine 
• 75932-02-4 N,N'-bis-(9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl)-D-lysine 
• 110690-36-3 L-lysinol 
• 106691-72-9 3(R)--2-oxoperhydroazepine 

Relevant articles and documents

Chiral Receptors for Lysine Based on Covalently Linked Bis- and Tris-binaphthylphosphoric Acids

The synthesis and application of three chiral receptors based on the covalent linkage of 1,1′-binaphthylphosphoric acids is reported. The binding of the lysine enantiomers to the chiral receptors was investigated by DOSY-NMR and NMR titrations, revealing that the bisphosphoric acid 1d acts as a highly stereoselective receptor for binding of d-lysine.