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Calcium cyanamide

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Name

Calcium cyanamide

EINECS 205-861-8
CAS No. 156-62-7 Density 2.29 g/cm3
PSA 36.15000 LogP 0.20038
Solubility insoluble H2O, but undergoes hydrolysis releasing acetylene and ammonia [HAW93] [MER06] Melting Point >300 °C(lit.)
Formula CCaN2 Boiling Point 258.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 80.1024 Flash Point 42.1 °C
Transport Information UN 1403 Appearance Black powder or granular
Safety 26-39-43-36/37/39-22 Risk Codes 22-37-41-15
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 156-62-7 (Calcium cyanamide) Hazard Symbols HarmfulXn
Synonyms

Calciumcyanamide (7CI);Alzodef;Calcium cyanamide (CaCN2);Cy-L 500;Cyanamid;Lime nitrogen;Nitrogen lime;Nitrolim;Nitrolime;Perlka;

Article Data 378

Calcium cyanamide Synthetic route

calcium cyanide

A

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

B

7440-44-0

pyrographite

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nitrogen In neat (no solvent) heating at 600°C for 2.5 h; color change from grey to black;;A 100%
B 100%
With nitrogen In neat (no solvent) heating at 600°C for 30 min; color change from grey to black;;A 99.1%
B 99.1%
With nitrogen In neat (no solvent) heating at 400°C for 5 h; color change from grey to black;;A 51.8%
B 51.8%
With nitrogen In neat (no solvent) heating at 400°C for 30 min; color change from grey to black;;A 32.8%
B 32.8%
In neat (no solvent) decompn.;;
74-90-8

hydrogen cyanide

calcium oxide

A

201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

B

1333-74-0

hydrogen

C

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) equilibrium; at 800°C on right side;; pure product;;A n/a
B n/a
C 99%
In neat (no solvent) equilibrium; at 800°C on right side;; pure product;;A n/a
B n/a
C 99%
In neat (no solvent)
In neat (no solvent)
773837-37-9

sodium cyanide

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With calcium chloride; iron In neat (no solvent) at 570°C, 3h;;82%
With CaCl2; iron In neat (no solvent) at 570°C, 3h;;82%
With calcium chloride In neat (no solvent) at 570°C, 30h;;21.3%

graphite

calcium nitride

A

calcium cyanide

B

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) 3 h heating of Ca3N2 and graphite at 1180°C; quenching;;A 6.5%
B 68%
In neat (no solvent) equil.; 3 h heating at 1180°C; quenching with cold water;;A 6.5%
B 68%
In neat (no solvent) 3 h heating of Ca3N2 and graphite at 1180°C; quenching;;A 6.5%
B 68%
In neat (no solvent) equil.; 5 h heating at 1060°C; quenching with cold water;;A 6.7%
B 58%

calcium cyanate

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CO2; 15 h heating at 410°C in vac.;;23.7%
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CO2; 15 h heating at 375-380°C;;8.5%
7727-37-9

nitrogen

75-20-7

calcium carbide

A

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

B

7440-44-0

pyrographite

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) at 1200°C; equilibrium depends on temp.; divariante equilibrium with N2 and C phases and soln. of CaC2 in CaCN2 or CaO;;A 21%
B n/a
In neat (no solvent) conducting process in presence of CaF2; kiln described;;
In neat (no solvent) Frank Caro apparatus described;;
460-19-5

ethanedinitrile

CaO

CaO

A

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

B

CO

CO

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 800℃; Waermetoenung;
at 800℃;
CaC2

CaC2

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With nitrogen zur technischen Gewinnung;
With nitrogen Einfluss der Koernung des verwendeten Calciumcarbids und der Menge der Katalysatoren (CaF2,CaCl2,Aktivkohle,Thomasschlacke,CaCN2) auf die Geschwindigkeit der Bildung;
With nitrogen zur technischen Gewinnung;
calcium carbamate

calcium carbamate

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With carbon dioxide; ammonia at 600 - 800℃;
With carbon monoxide; ammonia at 600 - 800℃;
With ammonia at 600 - 800℃;
124-38-9

carbon dioxide

calcium carbonate

calcium carbonate

156-62-7

calcium cyanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia at 750℃;
With ammonia at 750℃; Wiederverwendung der Restgase;
With ammonia at 750℃;
With ammonia at 750℃; vorhergehendes teilweises oder vollstaendiges Brennen der Carbonate;

Calcium cyanamide Chemical Properties

Product Name: Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7)

Molecular Formula: CCaN2
Molar mass: 80.10 g/mol
EINECS: 205-861-8
Density: 2.29 g/cm3
Flash Point: 42.1 °C
Melting point: 1340 °C
Water solubility: Reacts
Boiling Point: 1150-1200 °C (sublim.)
Appearance: White solid (Often gray or black from impurities)
Solubility: soluble in water, alcohol, acetone                 
H-Bond Donor: 1
H-Bond Acceptor: 2
Structure Descriptors of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7):
  IUPAC Name: calcium cyanamide  
  Canonical SMILES: C(#N)N.[Ca+2]
  InChI: InChI=1S/CH2N2.Ca/c2-1-3;/h2H2;/q;+2 
  InChIKey: STRTXDFFNXSZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Categories: Pharmaceutical Intermediates; Inorganics

Calcium cyanamide Uses

The main use of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) is in agriculture as a fertilizer. In contact with water it decomposes and liberates ammonia:
CaCN2 + 3 H2O → 2 NH3 + CaCO3
It was used in the preparation of melamine and calcium cyanide.And it can also be used to produce sodium cyanide by fusing with sodium carbonate, which was used in cyanide process in gold mining:
CaCN2 + Na2CO3 → 2 NaCN + CaO + O2

Calcium cyanamide Production

 Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) is formed when calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen.
CaC2 + N2 → CaCN2 + C
The reaction takes place in large steel chambers. An electric carbon element heats the reactants to red heat. Nitrogen is pressurised at 2 atmospheres.

Calcium cyanamide Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
human LDLo oral 571mg/kg (571mg/kg)   "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1969.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 100mg/kg (100mg/kg)   National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689,
mouse LD50 intravenous 282mg/kg (282mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982.
mouse LD50 oral 334mg/kg (334mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982.
rabbit LD50 oral 1400mg/kg (1400mg/kg)   Pesticide Chemicals Official Compendium, Association of the American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., 1966. Vol. -, Pg. 174, 1966.
rabbit LD50 skin 590mg/kg (590mg/kg)   "Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology," 3rd ed., Grayson, M., and D. Eckroth, eds. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978Vol. 7, Pg. 291, 1979.
rat LC50 inhalation > 150mg/m3/4H (150mg/m3)   "Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A053, Pg. 1984,
rat LD50 intravenous 125mg/kg (125mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982.
rat LD50 oral 158mg/kg (158mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982.
rat LD50 unreported 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)   Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. Vol. 6, Pg. 73, 1973.

Calcium cyanamide Consensus Reports

NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed); No Evidence: mouse, rat NCITR*    National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD 20014) No. NCI-CG-TR-163 ,1979. . Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Calcium cyanamide Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic to humans by ingestion. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. The fatal dose, by ingestion, is probably around 20 to 30 g for an adult. It does not have a cyanide effect. Calcium cyanamide is not believed to have a cumulative action. Flammable. Reaction with water forms the explosive acetylene gas. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN. See also CALCIUM COMPOUNDS, AMIDES, and CYANIDE.
Safety Information of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7):
Hazard Note: Harmful Irritant
Hazard Codes: XnHarmful
Risk Statements:
22:  Harmful if swallowed 
37:  Irritating to the respiratory system
41:  Risk of serious damage to eyes
Safety Statements:
22:  Do not breathe dust
26:  In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
36:  Wear suitable protective clothing 
37:  Wear suitable gloves
39:  Wear eye/face protection

Calcium cyanamide Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 mg/m3; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 1 mg/m3
DOT Classification:  4.3; Label: Dangerous When Wet

Calcium cyanamide Specification

 Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) also can be called Cyanamide calcium salt , UN 1403 , Lime Nitrogen , Nitrolime .It is a calcium compound used as fertiliser, first synthesized in 1898 by Adolph Frank and Nikodem Caro.It is commercially known as Nitrolim.It crystalizes in hexagonal crystal system with space group R3m and lattice constants a = 3.67, c = 14.85 (.10-1 nm).

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