Cooperative Supramolecular Polymerization of Fluorescent Platinum Acetylides for Optical Waveguide Applications

Article abstract of DOI:10.1002/anie.201704294

One-dimensional organic structures with well-oriented π-aggregation, strong emission, and ease of processability are desirable for optoelectronic waveguiding devices. Herein, a strategy is developed to attain this objective by self-assembling platinum(II)

Full text of DOI:10.1002/anie.201704294

A Journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker
Angewandte
Chemie
International Edition
www.angewandte.org
Accepted Article
Title: Cooperative Supramolecular Polymerization of Fluorescent
Platinum Acetylides for Optical Waveguide Applications
Authors: Xiao Wang, Yifei Han, Yingying Liu, Gang Zou, Zhao Gao,
and Feng Wang
This manuscript has been accepted after peer review and appears as an
Accepted Article online prior to editing, proofing, and formal publication
of the final Version of Record (VoR). This work is currently citable by
using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) given below. The VoR will be
published online in Early View as soon as possible and may be different
to this Accepted Article as a result of editing. Readers should obtain
the VoR from the journal website shown below when it is published
to ensure accuracy of information. The authors are responsible for the
content of this Accepted Article.
To be cited as: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 10.1002/anie.201704294
Angew. Chem. 10.1002/ange.201704294
Link to VoR: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201704294
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201704294

10.1002/anie.201704294
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
COMMUNICATION
Cooperative Supramolecular Polymerization of Fluorescent
Platinum Acetylides for Optical Waveguide Applications
Xiao Wang, Yifei Han, Yingying Liu, Gang Zou,* Zhao Gao, and Feng Wang*
Abstract: One-dimensional organic structures with well-oriented π-
aggregation, strong emission, and ease of processability are
desirable for optoelectronic waveguiding devices. Herein, we have
developed an unprecedented strategy to attain this objective, by self-
assembling platinum(II) acetylides into fluorescent supramolecular
polymers via cooperative mechanism. The resulting high-molecular-
weight supramolecular polymers are capable of forming electrospun
microfibers with uniform geometry and smooth surface, which enable
light propagation with extremely low scattering loss (0.008 dB μm-1).
With the elaborate combination of bottom-up supramolecular
polymerization and top-down electrospinning techniques, this work
offers a novel and versatile avenue toward high-performance optical
waveguiding materials.
employing nucleation step as the self-checking process, high-
molecular-weight supramolecular polymeric assemblies are
prone to form, whilst unstable oligomers that lack the excellent
processability of their polymeric counterparts can be excluded.8
In this work, we sought to develop an unprecedented bio-
inspired strategy toward optical waveguide applications, by self-
assembling π-aromatic monomers into supramolecular polymers
via cooperative mechanism. It is widely known that, to induce
cooperativity for natural 1D self-assembled polymers, multiple
non-covalent interactions with more than two nearest neighbors
should be embedded in the monomeric structure.7b-c Following
this principle, herein platinum acetylide monomer 1 has been
designed (Scheme 1). Specifically, two amides are attached on
both ends of the platinum(II) acetylide rod, which are capable of
forming two-fold intermolecular hydrogen bonds. As
a
Employing one-dimensional (1D) structures for optical
waveguide interconnectors has demonstrated promising
prospects for next-generation information and communication
technologies.1 Apart from 1D inorganic materials,2 their organic
counterparts have gained much attention in recent years. In this
respect, π-conjugated polymers and small-molecule-based
crystals are regarded as two candidates. For π-conjugated
polymers, despite the ease of processability, their
inhomogeneous structure and amorphous property hamper the
waveguiding performances.3 In contrast, mono-disperse π-small-
molecules have displayed comparatively enhanced and easily
tunable functionalities, due to their precisely-defined chemical
structure and well-oriented aggregation behaviors.4 However,
too strong stacking tendency leads to poor processability and
difficulty in size/shape control for the resulting crystals.5
On this account, it is intriguing to self-assemble π-aromatic
small-molecules into processable polymers,6 which combine the
advantages and avoid the drawbacks for the above two systems.
The primary challenge lies in the formation of self-assembled
polymers with high degree of polymerization (DP) value. In this
regard, natural 1D self-assembled polymers such as tobacco
mosaic virus and cytoskeleton proteins provide an inspiration.7
They tend to adopt cooperative self-assembly mechanism,
consisting of the successive nucleation and elongation steps. By
consequence, high-molecular-weight supramolecular polymers
are expected to form for 1 via cooperative self-assembly
mechanism, which enable the manufacture of 1D fibers via cost-
effective electro-spinning techniques (Scheme 1).9 Due to the
interplay between Pt d-orbitals and p-orbitals of the
benzothiadiazole acetylide ligand on 1, the electrospun fibers
feature intriguing optical properties, which can be further utilized
for light propagation (Scheme 1).10 Hence, the current study
provides a novel and versatile avenue toward waveguiding
materials, with the marriage of bottom-up supramolecular
polymerization and top-down electro-spinning techniques.
Self-assembly of 1 was firstly investigated by means of
solvent-dependent spectroscopic experiments. In chloroform (c
= 4 × 10−4 M), the maximum UV-Vis absorption bands are
located at 350 nm and 482 nm, respectively (Figure 1a). With
reference to previous literatures, the former band can be
assigned to intra-ligand π–π* (IL) transition, while the latter one
is
benzothiadiazole-C≡C)) charge transfer (MLCT) band.11 When
switching the solvent from chloroform to apolar
characteristic
for
metal-to-ligand
(dπ(Pt)→π*(C≡C-
methylcyclohexane (MCH), the maximum MLCT absorption
band is bathochromic shifted to 488 nm (Figure 1a). Upon
varying the temperature, the presence of two isosbestic points (λ
= 398 and 510 nm) illustrates the reversible transition between
monomeric and aggregated states (Figure 1b).
In the meantime, the MLCT emission band of 1 locates at 566
nm in MCH (Figure 1a), with the fluorescent lifetime of 4.86 ns.
When comparing to that in chloroform (λem = 595 nm, Figure 1a),
it shows 2-fold hyperchromic effect. Switching-on fluorescence
in apolar MCH medium should be ascribed to the prevention of
carbon–carbon and carbon–platinum bond rotation, leading to
the decrease of non-radiative decay upon π-aggregation.12
[a]
X. Wang, Y. Han, Y. Liu, Prof. G. Zou, Z. Gao, Prof. F. Wang,
CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry,
iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy
Materials),
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
University of Science and Technology of China,
Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
E-mail: drfwang@ustc.edu.cn (F. W.)
gangzou@ustc.edu.cn (G. Z.)
Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of
the document.
For internal use, please do not delete. Submitted_Manuscript
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

10.1002/anie.201704294
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
COMMUNICATION
Self-assembly via
Cooperative mechanism
Chiral fluorescent
supramolecular polymers
collector
λex = 532 nm
Electrospun microfibers of 1
Syringe
Spinneret
Glass slides
Supramolecular
polymers from 1
to CCD
8800 V
Scheme 1. Schematic representation for the cooperative supramolecular polymerization of platinum acetylide monomer 1
for optical waveguiding applications.
The cooling curve is further fitted by the Meijer-Schenning-Van-
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a powerful technique
to probe the regularity of the self-assembled structures,
considering that bisignate CD signals only emerge for helical
assemblies with long-range order.13 On this account, optically
active (S)-3,7-dimethyloctyl groups are introduced to the
peripheral side chain of 1 (Scheme 1), which potentially induce
helical bias for the resulting aggregates. In chloroform,
molecularly dissolved state dominates for 1 (c = 1 × 10−4 M, 278
K), as reflected by the absence of Cotton effect (Figure 1c). In
comparison, a moderate bisignate Cotton effect is observed in
MCH for the IL transition, with a negative maximum at 364 nm
(Δε = –65.6 L mol-1 cm-1, g = –0.0013) and a positive maximum
at 351 nm (Δε = 92.8 L mol-1 cm-1, g = 0.00096) (Figure 1c).
Additionally, a weak Cotton effect appears in the MLCT region
(Δε = –17.5 L mol-1 cm-1, g = –0.00074 for λ = 517 nm).14 It
der-Schoot mathematical model (see Eq. S1 and S2 in the
Supporting Information).15 Depending on the non-linear least-
squares analysis (Figure 1d), the Te (critical elongation
temperature) value is determined to be 291 K, while the he
(enthalpy release upon elongation) value is –93.4 kJ/mol.
Additionally, Ka (dimensionless equilibrium constant of the
activation step at Te) value is calculated to be 3.63 × 10-4,
suggesting that a nucleus consisting of 14 molecules is required
before activation to the stable chiral stack (Eq. S3). The DP
value of 1 is determined to be 242 at 278 K, validating the high-
molecular-weight nature for the resulting supramolecular
polymers (Eq. S4).
2.0x106
1.5x106
1.0x106
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
a
b
unambiguously supports that, in apolar MCH solution,
1
5.0x105
0.0
expresses chirality at the supramolecular level, leading to the
formation of single-handed polymeric assemblies. For the
counterpart monomer 2 with the absence of the amide linkages
(Scheme 1), no CD signal can be detected under the same
conditions (Figure 1c). Such phenomena highlight the
importance of the connective amide units for the formation of
long-range-ordered polymeric structures.
Mechanistic insights into the self-assembly process were
further performed via temperature-dependent CD spectroscopic
measurements (Figure 1d, inset). The bisignated CD signals for
1 are completely lost at elevated temperature and restored upon
400
500
600
700
400
450
500
550
600
Wavelength / nm
Wavelength/nm
303
K
30
c
30
20
10
0
d1.0
298
293
288
283
278
K
K
K
K
K
15
0
0.8
0.6

-15
0.4
0.2
0.0
300
400
500
Wavelength /nm
-10
-20
elongation fit
nucleation fit
300
400
500
600
280
290
300
310
Wavelength /nm
Temperature /K
Figure 1. (a) UV-Vis (solid line) and fluorescent (dash line, λex = 485 nm)
spectra of 1 (c = 4 × 10−4 M) in MCH (red line) and chloroform (black line). (b)
Temperature-dependent UV-Vis spectra of 1 (c = 4 × 10−4 M) in MCH. The
arrow shows the transition upon increasing the temperature from 283 K to 318
K. (c) CD spectra of 1 in chloroform (black line), MCH (red line) and 2 in MCH
(green line) (c = 1 × 10−4 M, 278 K, 1 mm cuvette). (d) Normalized CD intensity
of 1 at 364 nm versus temperature (cooling rate: –0.67 K/min). The red and
green lines denote the mathematical fitting via the Meijer-Schenning-Van-der-
Schoot model.15 Inset: temperature-dependent CD spectra of 1 at every 5 K.
cooling,
suggesting
the
transition
between
helical
supramolecular polymeric and monomeric states. A slow cooling
rate of –0.67 K/min was applied to guarantee thermodynamically
controlled supramolecular polymerization of 1 (Figure S23 in the
Supporting Information). Notably, a non-sigmoidal cooling curve
is obtained by monitoring the CD intensity at 364 nm versus
temperature (Figure 1d and Figure S24), supporting the
involvement of nucleation–elongation cooperative mechanism.8
For internal use, please do not delete. Submitted_Manuscript
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

10.1002/anie.201704294
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
COMMUNICATION
1H NMR experiments were further performed to clarify the
non-covalent driving forces for supramolecular polymerization
process. Monomer 1 shows distinct 1H NMR signals in d-
chloroform, whilst severe peak broadening phenomena are
observed in d12-cyclohexane (see Figures S26 and S28),
denoting the strong aggregation tendency in apolar medium.
Upon increasing the monomer concentration from 0.63 mM to
20.0 mM in d-chloroform, the aromatic protons almost remain
unchanged, whilst amide resonances shift downfield (0.15 ppm,
Figure S27). Such phenomena demonstrate that intermolecular
hydrogen bonds, rather than π-π stacking interactions, play a
crucial role for supramolecular polymerization. The conclusion is
further validated by semi-empirical PM6 calculation. Specifically,
for the optimized geometry of the dimeric structure 12 (Figure 2b),
H---O bond lengths between the two neighboring amide groups
are determined to be 2.14 Å and 2.09 Å, along with the N–H---O
bond angles of 159.7˚ and 155.8˚, respectively. Comparing with
the monomeric structure 1 (Figure 2a), the dihedral angles
between benzothiadiazole units and P(C2H5)3 ligands exhibit
dramatic changes for 12 (from 22.0º to 34.2º and 45.3º).
Accordingly, it suggests that 1 undergoes structural transition
from disfavored to preferred conformations during the
supramolecular polymerization process.10b
higher concentration (Figure 3d). Such phenomena emphasize
the superiority of high-molecular-weight supramolecular
polymeric structures for the excellent processability. For the
electro-spun microfibers derived from 1, almost no spectral
overlap exists between the absorbance (487 nm) and emission
(631 nm, see Figure 4c, inset) signals, which is ideal for light
propagation and manipulation.4d
a
b
heating
cooling
1 μm
c
d
30 μm
30 μm
Figure 3. (a) Thermo-responsive sol–gel transition of 1 in MCH. (b) TEM
image of 1 (c = 10−3 M in MCH solution) on a carbon coated copper grid.
Bright-field images of (c) 1, and (d) 2 on the glass substrate upon electro-
spinning technique.
The potential of 1 for optical waveguiding application was
further exploited. Briefly, we expanded a 532 nm laser beam (Ar
laser, 10 mw) to cover the rear aperture of the objective (60
X,N.A. 1.42), which irradiates the electro-spun microfibers
derived from 1. Tip emission signals of 1 are collected by the
charge-coupled device camera (Nikon DS-U2) and the
spectrometer (iHR550, HORIBA) (Figure 4a). Upon local
excitation of the micro-fiber (width: ∼4.2 μm, length: ∼180 μm),
light propagation along the microfibers is visualized via gray-
color far-field fluorescent microscopy images (Figure 4b). The
out-coupled light intensity decreases exponentially as a function
of propagation distance (Figure 4c), which is characteristic for
active waveguides.4 The propagation loss coefficiency is
determined to be 18.9 cm-1 (±10%), corresponding to the
propagation loss of 0.008 dB μm-1. Remarkably, such a value is
much lower than those of the reported π-conjugated polymeric
waveguiding systems (0.13–0.89 dB μm-1).3 We rationalized that
well-oriented aggregation and strong emission of the
supramolecular polymers, together with the smooth surface of
the electro-spun microfibers, facilitate light propagation with
dramatically reduced scattering loss.
The preferred direction of chain alignment in the electro-spun
microfibers can be further determined via polarization-dependent
fluorescent measurements (Figure 4d). With the collection
polarizer oriented at 30º and 210º, the highest intensities can be
observed for the emission peaks centered at 631 nm. On the
contrary, it displays the lowest fluorescent intensities at the
polarized angles of 120º and 300º. Hence, slip angle between
the stacking orientation of 1 and long axis of the electro-spun
microfiber is around 30° (Figure 4a). An emission dichroic ratio
(Rd = I30º /I120º) of 2.5 is obtained, corresponding to the
polarization ratio (ρ = (Rd − 1)/ (Rd + 1)) of 0.42. The
polarization-dependent emission behavior is highly reproducible,
whilst cos2 curves can be fitted very well to these data (Figure
4d). Hence, it indicates excellent waveguiding anisotropy for the
fluorescent microfibers.
Figure 2. Optimized geometries of (a) monomeric structure 1, and (b) dimeric
structure 12, on the basis of semi-empirical PM6 calculations.
Noteworthy, 1 is capable of forming red-color gels in MCH
(critical gelation concentration: ~0.01 mol/L at 293 K), which
undergo reversible sol–gel transition upon varying the
temperature (Figure 3a). Based on rheological experiments
(Figure S29), elastic modulus G' and viscous modulus G'' values
are independent of the oscillation frequency (frequency range:
0.1–200 rad s−1). Meanwhile, G' (an average value of 5093 Pa)
is remarkably higher than G'' (an average value of 1056 Pa) at
all tested frequencies. Both G' and G'' moduli are almost
unchanged within a long time, revealing that the supramolecular
gels are sufficiently stable. Depending on transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) (Figure 3b) and atomic force microscopy
(AFM) (Figure S30) experiments, entangled networks can be
visualized for the resulting gels. Hence, supramolecular
polymers of 1 tend to bundle with each other, which entrap
apolar MCH solvent and thereby form gels in a hierarchical self-
assembly manner.
In view of the high-molecular-weight nature of 1 in the self-
assembled form, electro-spinning technique was further
employed for the fabrication of macroscopic 1D fibers.
Specifically, when subjecting a concentrated MCH solution of 1
(0.02 mol/L) to the voltage of 8800 V, microfibers with uniform
diameter (4.2 μm) form (Figure 3c). Conversely, droplets instead
of fibers were obtained for the counterpart monomer 2 even at
For internal use, please do not delete. Submitted_Manuscript
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

10.1002/anie.201704294
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
COMMUNICATION
Science 2012, 335, 813‒817; c) L. Yang, X. Tan, Z. Wang, X. Zhang,
Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 7196–7239.
a
Microfiber of 1 b
on glass
Objective
lens
[7]
[8]
a) F. Oosawa, M. Kasai, J. Mol. Biol. 1962, 4, 10–17; b) T. F. A. De
Greef, M. M. J. Smulders, M. Wolffs, A. P. H. J. Schenning, R. P.
Sijbesma, E. W. Meijer, Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 5687–5754; c) C.
Kulkarni, S. Balasubramanian, S. J. George, ChemPhysChem, 2013,
14, 661‒673; d) C. Rest, R. Kandanelli, G. Fernández, Chem. Soc. Rev.
2015, 44, 2543‒2572; e) L. Herkert, A. Sampedro, G. Fernández,
CrystEngComm 2016, 18, 8813‒8822
30°
P1
Lens system
Beam Splitter
laser
filter
lens
a) T. E. Kaiser, V. Stepanenko, F. Würthner, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009,
131, 6719‒6732; b) X. Xu, J. Zhang, L. Chen, X. Zhao, D. Wang, H.
Yang, Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 1659–1667; c) T. Hirose, F. Helmich, E.
W. Meijer, Angew. Chem. 2013, 125, 322–327; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2013, 52, 304‒309; d) M. T. Fenske, W. Meyer-Zaika, H. G. Korth, H.
Vieker, A. Turchanin, C. Schmuck, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135,
8342‒8349; e) Y. J. Tian, E. W. Meijer, F. Wang, Chem. Commun.
2013, 49, 9197‒9199; f) B. Jiang, L. Chen, L. Xu, S. Liu, H. Yang,
Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 6977‒6979; g) C. Rest, M. J. Mayoral, K.
Fucke, J. Schellheimer, V. Stepanenko, G. Fernández, Angew. Chem.
2014, 126, 716–722; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 700‒705; h) C.
Kulkarni, K. K. Bejagam, S. P. Senanayak, K. S. Narayan, S.
Balasubramanian, S. J. George, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137,
3924‒3932; i) B. Narayan, K. K. Bejagam, S. Balasubramanian, S. J.
George, Angew. Chem. 2015, 127, 13245–13249; Angew. Chem. Int.
Ed. 2015, 54, 13053‒13057.
CCD
c
d
90
120
60
160
120
80
1.5x104
1.0
0.5
0.0
1.0x104
150
30
5.0x103
180
0
40
40
0.0
550
600
650
700
750
80
120
160
Wavelength /nm
y=22.29*exp(-x/12.98)+0.14
210
330
240
300
270
40
80
120
160
Distance /m
Figure 4. (a) Experimental set-up for the optical waveguiding equipment. (b)
Top: bright field optical image; bottom: fluorescent images showing optical
waveguide of 1 upon laser excitation at different positions. (c) Iout/Iin versus
propagation distance and the corresponding mathematical fit (red line). Inset:
spatially resolved fluorescence of waveguide emission out-coupled at the tip of
the microfiber. (d) Polar image of the peak intensities. The solid curve shows
the cos2 fit.
[9]
a) X. Yan, M. Zhou, J. Chen, X. Chi, S. Dong, M. Zhang, X. Ding, Y. Yu,
S. Shao, F. Huang, Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 7086‒7088; b) Z. Niu, F.
Huang, H. W. Gibson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 2836–2839; c) X.
Yan, D. Xu, X. Chi, J. Chen, S. Dong, X. Ding, Y. Yu, F. Huang, Adv.
Mater. 2012, 24, 362–369; d) X. Yan, S. Li, J. B. Pollock, T. R. Cook, J.
Chen, Y. Zhang, X. Ji, Y. Yu, F. Huang, P. J. Stang, Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. U.S.A. 2013, 110, 15585−15590.
In summary, herein an unprecedented strategy toward optical
waveguiding materials has been developed, by self-assembling
fluorescent platinum acetylide monomers into high-molecular-
weight
supramolecular
polymers
via
nature-mimicking
[10] a) C. H. Tao, N. Zhu, V. W. W. Yam, Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11,
1647‒1657; b) T. Cardolaccia, Y. Li, K. S. Schanze, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2008, 130, 2535‒2545.
nucleation–elongation mechanism. The combination of “bottom-
up” supramolecular polymerization and “top-down” electro-
spinning techniques renders well-oriented π-aggregation and
intriguing fluorescence to the microfibers, facilitating optical
waveguiding with extremely low scattering loss. Hence, it
demonstrates that rational engineering of self-assembly
mechanism exerts crucial importance for the development of
high-performance optoelectronic materials.
[11] a) A. Koehler, D. Beljonne, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2004, 14, 11‒18; b) K. Y.
Kim, A. H. Shelton, M. Drobizhev, N. Makarov, A. Rebane, K. S.
Schanze, J. Phys. Chem. A 2010, 114, 7003‒7013; c) W. Wang, H. B.
Yang, Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 5171‒5186.
[12] a) J. Mei, N. L. C. Leung, R. T. K. Kwok, J. W. Y. Lam, B. Z. Tang,
Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 11718‒11940; b) X. Yan, T. R. Cook, P. Wang,
F. Huang, P. J. Stang, Nat. Chem. 2015, 7, 342‒348.
[13] a) A. R. A. Palmans, E. W. Meijer, Angew. Chem. 2007, 119, 9106–
9126; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 8948–8968; b) C. C. Lee, C.
Grenier, E. W. Meijer, A. P. H. J. Schenning, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009, 38,
671–683; c) G. Pescitelli, L. D. Bari, N. Berova, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014,
43, 5211‒5233.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21674106), the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities (WK3450000001), and CAS
Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2015365).
[14] No linear dichroism can be detected under the same conditions (Figure
S22). Hence, it can be concluded that the measured CD signal is real to
reflect the supramolecular chirality of 1.
[15] a) P. Jonkheijm, P. van der Schoot, A. P. H. J. Schenning, E. W. Meijer,
Science 2006, 313, 80‒83; b) M. M. J. Smulders, A. P. H. J. Schenning,
E. W. Meijer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 606‒611.
Keywords: cooperative effects • molecular recognition • optical
waveguide • platinum • supramolecular chemistry
[1]
[2]
a) A. Pan, D. Liu, R. Liu, F. Wang, X. Zhu, B. Zou, Small 2005, 1,
980‒983; b) J. Clark, G. Lanzani, Nature Photon. 2010, 4, 438‒446.
a) M. Law, D. J. Sirbuly, J. C. Johnson, J. Goldberger, R. J. Saykally, P.
Yang, Science 2004, 305, 1269‒1273; b) X. Li, X. Guo, D. Wang, L.
Tong, Opt. Commun. 2014, 323,119‒122.
[3]
[4]
D. O’Carroll, I. Lieberwirth, G. Redmond, Small 2007, 3, 1178‒1183;.
a) K. Takazawa, Y. Kitahama, Y. Kimura, Kido, G. Nano Lett. 2005, 5,
1293‒1296; b) Y. S. Zhao, A. Peng, H. Fu, Y. Ma, J. Yao, Adv. Mater.
2008, 20, 1661‒1665; c) Q. Bao, B. M. Goh, B. Yan, T. Yu, Z. Shen, K.
P. Loh, Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 3661–3666.
[5]
[6]
a) F. J. M. Hoeben, P. Jonkheijm, E. W. Meijer, A. P. H. J. Schenning,
Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1491–1546; b) L. Zang, Y. Che, J. S. Moore,
Acc. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1596‒1608.
a) L. Brunsveld, B. J. B. Folmer, E. W. Meijer, R. P. Sijbesma, Chem.
Rev. 2001, 101, 4071–4098; b) T. Aida, E. W. Meijer, S. I. Stupp,
For internal use, please do not delete. Submitted_Manuscript
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

10.1002/anie.201704294
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
COMMUNICATION
Entry for the Table of Contents
COMMUNICATION
X. Wang, Y. Han, Y. Liu, G. Zou,* Z.
Gao, F. Wang*
Page No. – Page No.
Cooperative
supramolecular polymerization
Cooperative
Polymerization
Supramolecular
of Fluorescent
Platinum Acetylides for Optical
Waveguide Applications
Platinum acetylides are self-assembled into high-molecular-weight supramolecular
polymers via nature-mimicking nucleation–elongation mechanism, which enable the
cost-effective fabrication of uniform 1D fluorescent microfibers. Such a combination
of “bottom-up” self-assembly and “top-down” electro-spinning techniques provides
an efficient strategy toward high-performance optical waveguiding materials.
For internal use, please do not delete. Submitted_Manuscript
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.